建筑节能设计Low-E玻璃窗的遮阳参数取值分析

节能外窗属于精密工业制品,也是建筑工程外围护结构的重要组成部分。为能降低房间内的夏季太阳得热,工程中通常采用低辐射Low-E玻璃外窗,但由于国家及各地区的技术规范对Low-E玻璃窗的参数取值不尽相同、审图机构的把握尺度不一、门窗厂家的加工技术水平参差不齐,为能解决Low-E玻璃外窗的遮阳参数取值和选型困难的问题,达到概念清晰、数据可靠、便于实施的目的,文中采用公式计算和查表对比的方法,对规范的遮阳参数概念作补充说明,同时结合江苏某住宅项目的工程实践,给出Low-E玻璃窗遮阳参数的取值原则和建议,并认为一般Low-E玻璃的自遮阳系数取值最高不应超过0.60。

Low-frequency hybridized excess vibrations of two-dimensional glasses

One hallmark of glasses is the existence of excess vibrational modes at low frequenciesωbeyond Debye’s prediction.Numerous studies suggest that understanding low-frequency excess vibrations could help gain insight into the anomalous mechanical and thermodynamic properties of glasses.However,there is still intensive debate as to the frequency dependence of the population of low-frequency excess vibrations.In particular,excess modes could hybridize with phonon-like modes and the density of hybridized excess modes has been reported to follow D_(exc)(ω)~ω^(2)in 2D glasses with an inverse power law potential.Yet,the universality of the quadratic scaling remains unknown,since recent work suggested that interaction potentials could influence the scaling of the vibrational spectrum.Here,we extend the universality of the quadratic scaling for hybridized excess modes in 2D to glasses with potentials ranging from the purely repulsive soft-core interaction to the hard-core one with both repulsion and attraction as well as to glasses with significant differences in density or interparticle repulsion.Moreover,we observe that the number of hybridized excess modes exhibits a decrease in glasses with higher density or steeper interparticle repulsion,which is accompanied by a suppression of the strength of the sound attenuation.Our results indicate that the density bears some resemblance to the repulsive steepness of the interaction in influencing low-frequency properties.

Dynamic and electrical responses of a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact

The dynamic responses and generated voltage in a curved sandwich beam with glass reinforced laminate(GRL)layers and a pliable core in the presence of a piezoelectric layer under low-velocity impact(LVI)are investigated.The current study aims to carry out a dynamic analysis on the sandwich beam when the impactor hits the top face sheet with an initial velocity.For the layer analysis,the high-order shear deformation theory(HSDT)and Frostig's second model for the displacement fields of the core layer are used.The classical non-adhesive elastic contact theory and Hunter's principle are used to calculate the dynamic responses in terms of time.In order to validate the analytical method,the outcomes of the current investigation are compared with those gained by the experimental tests carried out by other researchers for a rectangular composite plate subject to the LVI.Finite element(FE)simulations are conducted by means of the ABAQUS software.The effects of the parameters such as foam modulus,layer material,fiber angle,impactor mass,and its velocity on the generated voltage are reviewed.

节能建筑中Low-E玻璃选型及具体应用

通过对Low-E玻璃节能基本原理的介绍,详细从原片玻璃的选择、镀膜面位置及气体夹层三方面对Low-E玻璃的选型要求进行论述,最后重点分析Low-E玻璃在不同气候地区应用的具体情况,可实现建筑的有效节能,同时为选择使用节能玻璃提供建议。

建筑低辐射膜玻璃Low-E的具体应用

Low-E玻璃是建筑工程中的常用玻璃材料,在了解Low-E玻璃节能效果影响因素的基础上,提出Low-E玻璃的选型思路,保证原片玻璃、镀膜面位置、气体夹层的合理性,研究了Low-E玻璃在寒冷气候区、温暖气候区、夏热冬冷气候区建筑工程中的应用要点,妥善应用Low-E玻璃,发挥出此类玻璃材料的节能环保优势,提升Low-E玻璃在建筑工程中的应用价值。

基于全过程工程咨询视角的幕墙LOW-E玻璃质量控制

随着建筑业对建筑节能的要求日益提高,LOW-E玻璃在建筑门窗及幕墙工程中得到了越来越广泛的应用。结合某工业综合体项目,对幕墙LOW-E玻璃的设计、采购、施工各阶段质量控制要点进行探讨与研究,以供相关建筑门窗及幕墙工程参考。

Electromagnetic wave absorption and mechanical properties of SiC nanowire/low-melting-point glass composites sintered at 580°C in air

Si C nanowires are excellent high-temperature electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials. However, their polymer matrix composites are difficult to work at temperatures above 300℃, while their ceramic matrix composites must be prepared above 1000℃ in an inert atmosphere. Thus, for addressing the abovementioned problems, SiC/low-melting-point glass composites were well designed and prepared at 580℃ in an air atmosphere. Based on the X-ray diffraction results, SiC nanowires were not oxidized during air atmosphere sintering because of the low sintering temperature. Additionally, SiC nanowires were uniformly distributed in the glass matrix material. The composites exhibited good mechanical and EMW absorption properties. As the filling ratio of SiC nanowires increased from 5wt%to 20wt%, the Vickers hardness and flexural strength of the composite reached HV 564 and 213 MPa, which were improved by 27.7%and 72.8%, respectively, compared with the low-melting-point glass. Meanwhile, the dielectric loss and EMW absorption ability of SiC nanowires at 8.2–12.4 GHz were also gradually improved. The dielectric loss ability of low-melting-point glass was close to 0. However, when the filling ratio of SiC nanowires was 20wt%, the composite showed a minimum reflection loss (RL) of-20.2 dB and an effective absorption (RL≤-10 dB) bandwidth of2.3 GHz at an absorber layer thickness of 2.3 mm. The synergistic effect of polarization loss and conductivity loss in SiC nanowires was responsible for this improvement.

寒冷地区Low-E节能玻璃检测与应用技术研究

通过对Low-E节能玻璃传热系数的检测,找出影响Low-E中空玻璃传热系数K值的因素,生产企业可以根据这些因素择优制作Low-E节能玻璃。本文还给出常用玻璃与窗框配合后整窗传热系数K值,绿色建筑、超低能耗绿色建筑所用外窗的适配窗框与Low-E节能玻璃一目了然。

Efficient utilization of glass fiber separator for low-cost sodium-ion batteries

The separator is a key component of sodium-ion battery,which greatly affects the electrochemical performances and safety characteristics of the battery.Conventional glass fiber separator cannot meet the requirements of large-scale application because of high cost and poor mechanical properties.Herein,the novel composite separators are prepared by a simple slurry sieving process using glass fiber separator scraps and ordinary qualitative filter paper as raw materials.As the composite mass ratio is 1:1,the composite separator has excellent comprehensive properties,including tensile strength of 15.8 MPa,porosity of 74.3%,ionic conductivity of 1.57×10^(-3)S·cm^(-1)and thermal stability at 210℃.The assembled sodium-ion battery shows superior cycling performance(capacity retention of 94.1%after 500 cycles at 1C)and rate capacity(retention rate of 87.3%at 10C),and it maintains fine interface stability.The above results provide some new ideas for the separator design of high-performance and low-cost sodium-ion batteries.

A Low-E Coated Glass Project of Xianyang Co.,Ltd.of Taiwanglass Group Started to Be Built

On July 24, 2013, a low-E coated glass project of Xianyang Co., Ltd. of Taiwanglass Group with a daily capacity of 1.2 thousand tons was started to be built, meanwhile a float glass production line was put into production. The float glass line with CNY 1.5 billion of investment was built in July, 2008. Total investment of phase I of the Iow-E coated glass project was CNY one billion. The annual production value of the proiect can reach CNY one billion after completion of the whole project.

遮阳型Low-E镀膜玻璃的制备及研究

本文阐述了一种遮阳型Low-E镀膜玻璃的制备方法,实验结合磁控溅射技术与超声喷涂技术在普通的玻璃基板上镀制四层薄膜,并对制成的样品进行可见光透过率,表面形貌特征,遮阳系数等性能分析,制备一种性质相对稳定,且既具有高遮阳功能,又具有适宜的可见光透过率的镀膜玻璃。

Geochemistry of volcanic glass from Mahanadi offshore region,eastern continental margin of India:Constraints on the contribution of latest Toba super-eruption

The tephra layers in multiple sediment cores from the offshore region of the Mahanadi basin in the northern Bay of Bengal were investigated for possible volcanic sources. The glass shards from those tephra layers were studied for size distribution, texture, and elemental geochemistry to establish chronostratigraphic markers for regional and global Quaternary correlation. The textural features of fine-grained(silty) volcanic glasses suggest the distal source of these tephra deposits. Major element composition with elevated SiO_(2) contents ranging between75%–76% and dominance of K_(2)O(> 4.5%) over CaO(< 0.9%) suggest ashes have originated from siliceous rhyolitic melts, similar to the petrographic composition of tephra from the Toba volcano. The bulk trace element compositions of the same glass shards were comparable with those reported in the youngest Toba tephra reported elsewhere. Likewise, the LREE-dominated chondrite normalized REE profiles of tephra from the Mahanadi basin closely resemble the characteristic REE patterns in Toba ash from other parts of the Indian Ocean and thus confirmed the contribution of the youngest Toba super-eruption for this ash layers.

Solid-state NMR reveals that oxygen tri-clusters make glass highly crackresistant

In a recent paper,advanced solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance(SSNMR)technology was employed to reveal the underlying mechanism contributing to the high hardness and exceptional resistance to fragmentation observed in certain special glasses[1].This study utilized SSNMR to analyze the atomic-scale internal structure of glass,enabling the quantification of the fraction of three-coordinated oxygen([^((3))O]).The research findings demonstrate a quantitative relationship between[^((3))O]and the resistance of glass to crack initiation.

Influence of Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) Ratio on the Structure and Properties of Na^(+)/K^(+)Ion Exchange Na_(2)O-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2) Glasses

In this work,the structure,viscosity and ion-exchange process of Na_(2)O-MgO-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2) glasses with different Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) molar ratios were investigated.The results showed that,with increasing Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratio,the simple structural units Q_(1) and Q_(2) transformed into highly aggregated structural units Q_(3) and Q_(4),indicating the increase of polymerization degree of glass network.Meanwhile,the coefficient of thermal expansion decreased from 9.23×10^(-6)℃^(-1) to 8.88×10^(-6)℃^(-1).The characteristic temperatures such as melting,forming,softening and glass transition temperatures increased with the increase of Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratio,while the glasses working temperature range became narrow.The increasing Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratio and prolonging ion-exchange time enhanced the surface compressive stress(CS)and depth of stress layer(DOL).However,the increase of ion exchange temperature increased the DOL and decreased the CS affected by stress relaxation.There was a good linear relationship between stress relaxation and surface compressive stress.Chemical strengthening significantly improved the hardness of glasses,which reached the maximum value of(622.1±10)MPa for sample with Al_(2)O_(3)/SiO_(2) ratio of 0.27 after heat treated at 410℃for 2 h.

Effect of overheating-induced minor addition on Zr-based metallic glasses

Melt treatment is well known to have an important influence on the properties of metallic glasses(MGs).However,for the MGs quenched from different melt temperatures with a quartz tube,the underlying physical origin responsible for the variation of properties remains poorly understood.In the present work,we systematically studied the influence of melt treatment on the thermal properties of a Zr50Cu36Al14 glass-forming alloy and unveiled the microscopic origins.Specifically,we quenched the melt at different temperatures ranging from 1.1Tl to 1.5Tl(Tl is the liquidus temperature)to obtain melt-spun MG ribbons and investigated the variation of thermal properties of the MGs upon heating.We found that glass transition temperature,Tg,increases by as much as 36 K,and the supercooled liquid region disappears in the curve of differential scanning calorimetry when the melt is quenched at a high temperature up to 1.5Tl.The careful chemical analyses indicate that the change in glass transition behavior originates from the incorporation of oxygen and silicon in the molten alloys.The incorporated oxygen and silicon can both enhance the interactions between atoms,which renders the cooperative rearrangements of atoms difficult,and thus enhances the kinetic stability of the MGs.

Corrosion and in vitro cytocompatibility investigation on the designed Mg-Zn-Ag metallic glasses for biomedical application

In the present work,seven Mg-Zn-Ag alloys with the nominal composition of Mg_(96-x)Zn_(x)Ag_(4)(x=17,20,23,26,29,32,35 in at.%)were prepared by induction melting and single-roller melt-spinning.The X-ray diffraction(XRD)analyses indicate the metallic glasses with three composition of Mg_(73)Zn_(23)Ag_(4),Mg_(70)Zn_(26)Ag_(4),and Mg_(67)Zn_(29)Ag_(4)were obtained successfully.The differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)measurement was used to obtain the characteristic temperature of Mg-Zn-Ag metallic glasses for the glass-forming ability analysis.The maximum glass transition temperature(Trg)was found to be 0.525 with a composition close to Mg_(67)Zn_(29)Ag_(4),which results in the best glass-forming ability.Moreover,the immersion test in simulated body fluid(SBF)demonstrate the relative homogeneous corrosion behavior of the Mg-Zn-Ag metallic glasses.The corrosion rate of Mg-Zn-Ag metallic glasses in SBF solution decreases with the increase of Zn content.The sample Mg_(67)Zn_(29)Ag_(4)has the lowest corrosion rate of 0.19mm/yr,which could meet the clinical application requirement well.The in vitro cell experiments show that the Madin-Darby canine kidney(MDCK)cells cultured in sample Mg_(67)Zn_(29)Ag_(4)and its extraction medium have higher activity.However,the Mg-Zn-Ag metallic glasses exhibit obvious inhibitory effect on human rhabdomyosarcoma(RD)tumor cells.The present investigations on the glass-forming ability,corrosion behavior,cytocompatibility and tumor inhibition function of the Mg-Zn-Ag based metallic glass could reveal their biomedical application possibility.

Unveiling the early stage evolution of local atomic structures in the crystallization process of a metallic glass

The early stage evolution of local atomic structures in a multicomponent metallic glass during its crystallization process has been investigated via molecular dynamics simulation.It is found that the initial thermal stability and earliest stage evolution of the local atomic clusters show no strong correlation with their initial short-range orders,and this leads to an observation of a novel symmetry convergence phenomenon,which can be understood as an atomic structure manifestation of the ergodicity.Furthermore,in our system we have quantitatively proved that the crucial factor for the thermal stability against crystallization exhibited by the metallic glass is not the total amount of icosahedral clusters,but the degree of global connectivity among them.

Coupling of quasi-localized and phonon modes in glasses at low frequency

Boson peak of glasses,a THz vibrational excess compared to Debye squared-frequency law,remains mysterious in condensed-matter physics and material science.It appears in many different kinds of glassy matters and is also argued to exist in damped crystals.A consensus is that boson peak originates from the coupling of the(quasi)-localized non-phonon modes and the plane-wave-like phonon modes,but the coupling behavior is still not fully understood.In this paper,by modulating the content of localized modes and the frequencies of phonon modes,the coupling is clearly reflected in the localization and anharmonicity of low-frequency vibrational modes.The coupling enhances with increasing cooling rate and sample size.For finite sample size,phonon modes do not fully intrude into the low frequency to form a dense spectrum and they are not sufficiently coupled to the localized modes,thus there is no Debye level and boson peak is ill-defined.This suggestion remains valid in the presence of thermal motions induced by temperature,even though the anharmonicity comes into play.Our results point to the coupling of quasi-localized and phonon modes and its relation to the boson peak.

Composition Analysis and Identification of Ancient Glass Products Based on L1 Regularization Logistic Regression

In view of the composition analysis and identification of ancient glass products, L1 regularization, K-Means cluster analysis, elbow rule and other methods were comprehensively used to build logical regression, cluster analysis, hyper-parameter test and other models, and SPSS, Python and other tools were used to obtain the classification rules of glass products under different fluxes, sub classification under different chemical compositions, hyper-parameter K value test and rationality analysis. Research can provide theoretical support for the protection and restoration of ancient glass relics.

Magnetic and magnetocaloric effect of Er_(20)Ho_(20)Dy_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)high-entropy metallic glass

Er_(20)Ho_(20)Dy_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)high-entropy metallic glass exhibited excellent magnetic refrigeration material with a wide temperature range and high refrigeration capacity(RC)was reported.Er_(20)Ho_(20)Dy_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)high-entropy metallic glass was observed with typical spin glass behavior around 15.5 K.In addition,we find that the magnetic entropy change(-△S_(M))originates from the sample undergoing a ferromagnetic(FM)to paramagnetic(PM)transition around 20 K.Under a field change from 0 T to 7 T,the value of maximum magnetic entropy change(-△S_(M)^(max))reaches 12.5 J/kg·K,and the corresponding value of RC reaches 487.7 J/kg in the temperature range from 6 K to 60 K.The large RC and wide temperature range make the Er_(20)Ho_(20)Dy_(20)Cu_(20)Ni_(20)high-entropy metallic glass be a promising material for application in magnetic refrigerators.