The ZigBee as the main supporting technology for the wireless sensor network has received extensive attention. Completed ZigBee protocol kits consist of the high-level application specification, the application conver...The ZigBee as the main supporting technology for the wireless sensor network has received extensive attention. Completed ZigBee protocol kits consist of the high-level application specification, the application convergence layer, the network layer, the data link layer, and the Physical (PHY) layer. The protocols of the network layer and higher ones are set up by the ZigBee Alliance, the physical layer and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer are defined by the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer simply adopts technologies of mapping from bit to symbol, conversion from symbol to chip sequence, and Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (OQPSK) modulation, avoiding complicated arithmetic such as channel coding. The IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer adopts Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) technology and supports the sleeping mode. The ZigBee enables low data transmission rate, low power consumption at low cost, and is more suitable for industry monitoring systems, sensor networks, home monitoring systems, and security systems.展开更多
Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to discuss a technique of restoring data from a broken/damaged near-field communication(NFC)tag whose coil is damaged and seems unrecoverable.Design/methodology/approach-This paper...Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to discuss a technique of restoring data from a broken/damaged near-field communication(NFC)tag whose coil is damaged and seems unrecoverable.Design/methodology/approach-This paper discusses a method to restore data from damaged NFC tags by designing a coil that matches the technical specification of NFC for restoring information.In this paper,an NFC tag with a broken antenna coil and its operational NFC chip is used for restoring data by making an external loop antenna for the same chip.Findings-If the NFC tag is damaged,the information stored on the tag can be lost and can cause serious inconvenience.This research provides an excellent mechanism for retrieving all the information accurately from a damaged NFC tag provided the NFC chip is not damaged.Research limitations/implications-One of the major limitations of this research is that the NFC chip remains intact without any damages.Data can only be recoverable if just the antenna of the NFC tag is damaged;any damage to the NFC chip would make it impossible for the data to be recoverable.Practical implications-The research is carried out with limited resources in an academic institute and hence cannot be compared to antenna designs of the industry.Furthermore,industry vendors are using aluminum to design the coil;however,in this study a copper coil is used for coil design since it is far less expensive than aluminum coil.Originality/value-NFC is a rather new short-range wireless technology and not much work is done in this field as far as antenna study is concerned.This study brings a technique to design a coil antenna for a damaged NFC tag to retrieve all the information without losing even a single bit of sensitive information.展开更多
文摘The ZigBee as the main supporting technology for the wireless sensor network has received extensive attention. Completed ZigBee protocol kits consist of the high-level application specification, the application convergence layer, the network layer, the data link layer, and the Physical (PHY) layer. The protocols of the network layer and higher ones are set up by the ZigBee Alliance, the physical layer and the Media Access Control (MAC) layer are defined by the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. The IEEE 802.15.4 physical layer simply adopts technologies of mapping from bit to symbol, conversion from symbol to chip sequence, and Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (OQPSK) modulation, avoiding complicated arithmetic such as channel coding. The IEEE 802.15.4 MAC layer adopts Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance (CSMA/CA) technology and supports the sleeping mode. The ZigBee enables low data transmission rate, low power consumption at low cost, and is more suitable for industry monitoring systems, sensor networks, home monitoring systems, and security systems.
文摘Purpose-The purpose of this paper is to discuss a technique of restoring data from a broken/damaged near-field communication(NFC)tag whose coil is damaged and seems unrecoverable.Design/methodology/approach-This paper discusses a method to restore data from damaged NFC tags by designing a coil that matches the technical specification of NFC for restoring information.In this paper,an NFC tag with a broken antenna coil and its operational NFC chip is used for restoring data by making an external loop antenna for the same chip.Findings-If the NFC tag is damaged,the information stored on the tag can be lost and can cause serious inconvenience.This research provides an excellent mechanism for retrieving all the information accurately from a damaged NFC tag provided the NFC chip is not damaged.Research limitations/implications-One of the major limitations of this research is that the NFC chip remains intact without any damages.Data can only be recoverable if just the antenna of the NFC tag is damaged;any damage to the NFC chip would make it impossible for the data to be recoverable.Practical implications-The research is carried out with limited resources in an academic institute and hence cannot be compared to antenna designs of the industry.Furthermore,industry vendors are using aluminum to design the coil;however,in this study a copper coil is used for coil design since it is far less expensive than aluminum coil.Originality/value-NFC is a rather new short-range wireless technology and not much work is done in this field as far as antenna study is concerned.This study brings a technique to design a coil antenna for a damaged NFC tag to retrieve all the information without losing even a single bit of sensitive information.
