Maternal and Fetal Prognosis of Evacuated Parturients in N’Djamena Mother and Child Hospital (Chad)

Introduction: All pregnant women are at risk of obstetric complications leading to high fetal-maternal mortality and morbidity. The aim of this work was to evaluate the maternal and fetal prognosis of evacuated parturients. Patient and Method: we conducted a prospective analytical survey for four months, from April 1st to July 31st, 2018 in the Maternity of N’Djamena Mother and Child Hospital about the maternal and fetal prognosis of evacuated parturients. Any parturient evacuated or referred for obstetric complications was included. Study parameters were epidemiological, clinical, para-clinical, therapeutic and prognosis order. These parameters were analyzed in the SPSS 18 French version software. Results: Evacuated parturients represented 20% of maternity admissions. The average age was 23.9 years, with extremes ranging from 15 and 43 years. They were uneducated in 72.9%, primiparous in 46.8% of cases. The three delays were dominated by the 1st delay, which represented 34.1% of cases. In this series, 26.3% parturients had presented obstetric complications. Preruptive syndrome was the most common complication with 29.3% cases. Predisposing factors to maternal-fetal complications were low attendance antenatal care, late evacuation and distance travelled. The maternal mortality rate was 3%. Fetal complications were observed in 28.3% of cases and the neonatal mortality rate was 24.6%. Conclusion: The maternal and fetal complications of evacuated parturients are a real public health problem in our regions. The suppression of delays, capacity reinforcement of peripheral maternity and the periodic recycling peripheral centers to recognize obstetric emergencies will contribute to improve the maternal and fetal prognosis of evacuated parturients.

Screening in the Birth Room of Parturients with Unknown Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Serological Status at the Reference Health Center of Commune IV of the District of Bamako

Introduction: In order to prevent the vertical transmission of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), it is essential that pregnant women must know their HIV serological status. Objective: To determine the proportion of parturients with unknown Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status in the delivery room and to identify the associated factors. Methods: We conducted a prospective descriptive study carried out at the Reference Health Center of Commune IV in the district of Bamako from July 1, 2017 to July 1, 2018. The sample size was 267 parturients. The word processing was carried out on World software from the 2016 office suite at the end of the data entry and analysis was carried out on the IBM software, SPSS version 22.0. Results: A total of 267 women were eligible for our study, among which 14 parturients were seropositive, i.e., a proportion of 5.2% of cases. The knowledge of parturients on HIV was 95.5% of cases, but more than half did not know the mode of mother-child transmission. Unschooled parturients were the most represented with 41.2%. Conclusion: In view of the large proportion (5.2%) of HIV-positive parturients in our study, voluntary screening activities in the delivery room remain necessary for the future of children born to HIV-positive mothers.

Effect of Resistance Training,Aerobic Exercise Before Doula-Assisted Delivery on the Psychological Well-Being and Labor Duration of Parturients

Objective:To investigate the impact of resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery on the psychological well-being and labor duration of parturients.Methods:105 cases of parturients who gave birth in our hospital from February 2021 to April 2023 were included in this study.The patients were divided into a control group of 52 cases and an observation group of 53 cases.The patients in the control group received no particular intervention before delivery and only received doula assistance.The patients in the observation group received resistance training,aerobic exercise,and doula assistance prior to giving birth.After delivery,the mothers were observed for 2 hours in the delivery room and then returned to the maternal and infant ward.The observation indicators of the two groups were compared.Results:In comparison to the control group,the observation group exhibited shorter durations in the first,second,and third stages of labor,as well as the total delivery time.Additionally,the amount of postpartum blood loss at 2 hours was smaller in the observation group.The rate of cesarean section was lower,and the rate of vaginal natural delivery was higher in the observation group.Following the intervention,both groups of postpartum women showed decreased SAS and SDS scores compared to before the intervention.Moreover,the observation group had lower scores than the control group.These differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Resistance training and aerobic exercise before doula-assisted delivery can effectively improve the psychological state of parturients,shorten labor duration,increase the rate of natural vaginal delivery,and reduce pain and postpartum hemorrhage.

Outcomes of combination MRI-targeted and transperineal template biopsy in restaging low-risk prostate cancer for active surveillance

Objective:Active surveillance(AS)offers a strategy to reduce overtreatment and now is a widely accepted treatment option for low-risk prostate cancer.An ideal tool for risk-stratification would detect aggressive cancers and exclude such men from taking up AS in the first place.We evaluate if a combination of transperineal template biopsy with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)-targeted biopsy identifies significant prostate cancer amongst men initially diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer.Methods:This prospective,single-blinded study included men with low-risk prostate cancer(D’Amico’s Criteria)diagnosed on conventional transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy.Patients first underwent multiparametric MRI of the prostate
6 weeks after initial biopsy.Each suspicious lesion is mapped and assigned a Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System(PIRADS)score.Template biopsy is first performed with the surgeon blinded to MRI findings followed by MRI-targeted biopsy using a robotic transperineal biopsy platform.Results:The age of the 19 men included is 65.4±4.9 years(mean±SD).Prostate specific antigen(PSA)at diagnosis and at the time of transperineal biopsy were comparable(7.3±1.7 ng/mL and 7.0±1.8 ng/mL,p Z 0.67),so were prostate volumes(34.2±8.9 mL and 32.1±13.4 mL,p Z 0.28).MRI-targeted biopsy had a higher percentage of cancer detection per core compared to template biopsy(11.7%vs.6.5%,p Z 0.02),this was more than 3 times superior for Gleason 7 disease(5.9%vs.1.6%,p<0.01).Four of 18(22.2%)patients with MRI lesions had significant disease with MRI-targeted biopsy alone.Three of 19 patients(15.8%)had significant disease with template biopsy alone.In combination,both techniques upclassified five patients(26.3%),all of whom underwent radical prostatectomy.Whole mount histology confirmed tumour location and grade.All six patients with PIRADS 5 lesions had cancer detected(66.6%significant disease).Conclusion:A combination of MRI-targeted and template biopsy may optimally risk-classify“low-risk”patients diagnosed on initial conventional transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)prostate biopsy.

Pathologic and Prognostic Outcomes of Very Low- and Low-Risk Prostate Cancer According to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines in Japanese Patients with Radical Prostatectomy

Background: The purpose of this study was to validate the treatment strategy for a cohort of Japanese patients with very low-risk (VLR) and low-risk (LR) prostate cancer according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines. Methods: We studied 751 patients with T1- 3N0M0 prostate cancer treated with radical prostatectomy at our institution between 2000 and 2012. Patients with neoadjuvant treatments were excluded. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and pathological outcomes for patients with VLR or LR prostate cancers that were classified by NCCN guidelines. Results: We identified 45 patients with VLR and 137 with LR prostate cancer. Non-biochemical recurrence rate at 5-year for 45 patients with VLR was 86.9% and 81.2% for 137 patients with LR (p = 0.56). However, none of the 19 patients >65 years old with VLR progressed, while 19% of 26 patients ≤65 years old with VLR cancer, 14% of patients >65 years old with LR cancer, and 17% of patients ≤65 years old with LR cancer progressed during the follow-up period (p = 0.04, p = 0.04 and p = 0.05, respectively). In analyses of prostatectomy specimens, both VLR and LR had similarly favorable outcomes, but patients >65 years old with VLR had the smallest tumors, with a mean of 5 mm in diameter. Conclusions: Our results support the treatment strategy of the NCCN that patients with VLR cancer and age >65 years old are good candidates for active surveillance, and that other treatment options—including active surveillance and aggressive treatments—can be applied to the remaining patients with VLR or LR cancers.

On the Association between Travel Distance and Treatment Choice for Low-Risk Prostate Cancer: Results from a Rural State

Background: Evidence suggests that cancer patients with increased travel burden to treatment centers may have limited treatment options. Purpose: To investigate the association between travel distance to a treatment facility and initial treatment choice among young men with low-risk prostate cancer in a rural state. Methods: A retrospective medical charts review was conducted of young men (65 years or younger) newly diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2014 who were treated with either active surveillance, radical prostatectomy, or brachytherapy at either of the two major hospital systems in Bismarck, ND, USA. Results: Information on a random sample of 242 patients was studied. The majority of patients (66%) received radical prostatectomy. Patients who received radical prostatectomy were significantly younger (p-value 0.001). PSA at diagnosis, clinical stage, and Gleason score were not associated with treatment choice (p-value = 0.06;p-value = 0.1794;and p-value = 1.00;respectively). Adjusting for age at diagnosis, PSA at diagnosis, and treatment facility, treatment choice was not associated with travel distance (p-value = 0.309). Patients treated at St. Alexius facility were more likely to undergo radical prostatectomy than Sanford health patients (p-value Conclusions: We found no association between travel distance and treatment choice for low-risk prostate cancer. Treatment choice was associated with institution which may suggest institutional bias in patterns of care.

济宁地区孕产妇人体寄生虫病防治知识的调查与分析

目的 了解济宁地区孕产妇对相关人体寄生虫病防控知识的知晓情况,加强健康教育促进优生优育。方法 针对2023年7—10月来济宁医学院附属医院就诊的20岁以上孕/产妇发放统一设计的调查问卷,采用Excel 2019软件建立数据库,分别计算1胎孕/产妇、2胎孕/产妇、3胎孕/产妇对问卷的知晓情况;采用SPSS 26.0软件对来自不同地区、年龄段、文化程度以及职业的孕产妇进行统计分析,差异采用χ^(2)检验进行比较。结果 参与调查的有效孕产妇人数为630人,总体正确率为74.79%,各类孕产妇的综合正确率由高到低分别为3胎孕/产妇(83.22%)、2胎孕/产妇(76.57%)、1胎孕产妇(74.69%),不同地区、年龄段、文化程度以及职业等变量的差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=19.791,16.455,40.040,42.074,P均<0.01)。结论 济宁地区孕产妇对人体寄生虫病防治知识的知晓率欠佳,且不同人群变量之间差异较大,今后应加强济宁地区孕产妇对人体寄生虫病健康意识,普及优生优育防治知识。

心理护理联合健康教育在剖宫产产妇护理中的应用

目的探讨心理护理联合健康教育在剖宫产产妇护理中的应用。方法选取2022年4月至2023年4月滨州市中心医院收治的66例剖宫产产妇作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为基础组与联合组,每组各33例。基础组予以基础护理,联合组予以心理护理联合健康教育。比较两组心理状态、认知水平、母乳喂养自信心评分及产后并发症发生率。结果护理后,联合组焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表评分均低于基础组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,联合组认知水平与母乳喂养自信心评分均高于基础组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组产后并发症总发生率低于基础组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论心理护理联合健康教育在剖宫产产妇护理中应用,可改善产妇心理状态,提高认知水平与母乳喂养自信心,减少产后并发症的发生,临床可推广应用。

2018—2022年某三级甲等医院分娩产妇特征变化分析

目的:分析2018—2022年某三级甲等医院分娩产妇数量、分娩方式、不良妊娠结局、妊娠高危因素等内在特征的变化,为提高孕产妇救治能力提供依据。方法:调阅患者病历信息,收集分娩产妇基本信息、分娩方式、不良妊娠结局等指标,探讨产妇内在特征的变化。结果:2018—2022年该院产妇数量呈波动下降趋势,从2018年的9216人下降致2022年的7218人,其中2019年产妇人数达到最高峰(10084人),之后产妇数量快速下降,2022年产妇数量下降幅度趋向平稳。2018—2022年该院高龄产妇比例呈逐年上升趋势,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.819,P<0.05),其中2018年高龄产妇比例最高,为24.61%,2019年快速下降,之后逐年上升,至2022年达到22.39%。分娩结局方面,剖宫产率及无痛分娩顺产率呈逐年波动上升趋势,不良妊娠结局中低出生体重儿占比呈上升趋势,巨大儿占比呈下降趋势。2018—2022年该院胎膜早破、高龄产妇、妊娠糖尿病为发生率排名前3位的高危因素,发生率分别为22.73%、21.16%、18.42%。各高危因素中,高龄产妇、妊娠糖尿病、低出生体重儿、甲状腺功能异常、高血压、子宫肌瘤发生率呈上升趋势,巨大儿、胎心/胎动异常、过期妊娠发生率呈下降趋势。结论:2018—2022年该院产妇数量逐年下降,高龄产妇占比增加,产妇中大部分不良妊娠结局及高危因素占比均呈上升趋势。建议加强高危妊娠管理,降低产科风险因素,保障产妇及新生儿生命健康。

产妇及新生儿单核细胞增生李斯特菌感染情况分析

目的探讨该院单核细胞增生李斯特菌(简称单增李斯特菌)感染发病情况及预防治疗措施。方法回顾性选取2012-2021年该院检出的单增李斯特菌阳性病例为研究对象,统计分析其科室分布、发病及抗感染治疗情况。结果检出的阳性病例为产妇及其分娩新生儿。产科出院患者单增李斯特菌感染率为7.63/100000,分娩新生儿单增李斯特菌感染率为4.68/100000。全院产妇、新生儿单增李斯特菌感染率为5.32/100000。感染产妇分娩新生儿死亡率与正常分娩产妇的新生儿死亡率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经验性抗感染治疗,产妇用药选择针对单核李斯特菌敏感的青霉素类抗菌药物的病例数远少于新生儿,二者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论产妇单增李斯特菌感染率虽低,但危害大,经验性抗感染治疗应首选对单增李斯特菌敏感的抗菌药物。

产程三维导航系统在高龄产妇中的应用及对产程和妊娠结局的影响研究

目的:探讨产程三维导航系统在高龄产妇中的应用及对产程和妊娠结局的影响。方法:选择2020年4月—2021年6月广州市花都区人民医院产科收治的高龄产妇60例为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为两组,各30例。所有产妇均拟行阴道分娩,对照组采用传统方法监测,观察组采用产程三维导航系统监测。比较两组产妇胎先露下降情况、产时出血量、产后2 h出血量、阴道分娩者产程时间、新生儿Apgar评分、妊娠结局。结果:观察组胎先露下降情况优于对照组,产时出血量、产后2 h出血量均少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组产钳助产率、新生儿出生1 min Apgar评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组阴道分娩率高于对照组,剖宫产率、新生儿胎儿窘迫和新生儿窒息发生率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组阴道分娩者第一、二产程均短于对照组阴道分娩者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:产程三维导航系统用于高龄产妇中,能减少产时出血量、产后2 h出血量及动态监测胎先露下降的水平,提高新生儿Apgar评分,能有效提高高龄产妇阴道分娩率,缩短阴道分娩产程,降低剖宫产率、新生儿胎儿窘迫和新生儿窒息发生率。

薄弱环节护理培训在预防产后初期乳胀中的应用

目的探讨薄弱环节护理培训在预防产后初期乳胀中的应用效果。方法选取2023年6月至11月长海医院收治的217例产妇,按照入院时间的前后顺序将其分为对照组(113例)和干预组(104例)。对照组采用常规产后护理指导,干预组在对照组基础上采用薄弱环节护理培训,比较两组产后5d乳胀发生率、产后乳胀知识掌握情况、按需哺乳及挤奶依从情况、产妇及家属的自信心和满意度。结果干预组产后5 d乳胀发生率低于对照组(P<0.05);干预组产后乳胀知识掌握率高于对照组(P<0.05);干预组按需哺乳及挤奶依从不良率低于对照组(P<0.05);干预组自信心和满意度评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论薄弱环节护理培训能够帮助护理人员及时准确发现护理问题并进行有效干预,从而降低产后初期乳胀发生率,提高产妇和家属对疾病的认知和重视程度,促进预防乳胀的实践行为,提升产妇的自信心和满意度。

可行走性硬膜外分娩镇痛对高龄产妇临床分娩结局及产程时间、疼痛的影响价值分析

目的研究可行走性硬膜外分娩镇痛对高龄产妇的效果。方法选取2021年6月—2023年6月泰兴市人民医院收治的高龄产妇80例为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为。参照组(40例,常规分娩)和研究组(40例,可行走性硬膜外分娩镇痛)。对比两组焦虑自评量表(Self-rating Anxiety Scale,SAS)评分、疼痛数字评价量表(Numerical Rating Scale,NRS)评分、血清皮质醇(Cortisol,Cor)水平、血清泌乳素(Prolactin,PRL)水平、平均动脉压(Mean Artery Pressure,MAP)水平、异常胎心监护事件发生率、催产素使用率、产钳使用率、产程时间、产后出血量、阿氏(Apgar)评分。结果研究组镇痛0.5、1、2 h后的SAS、NRS评分均低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。镇痛2 h后,研究组的血清Cor水平较参照组更低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。宫口开全时,研究组血清PRL水平比参照组更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组宫口开3 cm时、宫口开10 cm时、胎儿娩出时的MAP水平,催产素使用率、产钳使用率,同参照组比较更低,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组母婴不良事件发生率为2.50%,比参照组的15.00%更低,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=3.614,P<0.05)。研究组的产程时间比参照组更短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组异常胎心监护事件发生率、产后出血量、Apgar评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。结论将可行走性硬膜外分娩镇痛,用于高龄产妇,可发挥良好的镇痛效果,并缩短产程,临床分娩结局更佳,且安全性良好。

产前AIDET沟通模式联合体验式分娩对产妇产程及应对方式的影响

目的:探讨产前AIDET沟通模式联合体验式分娩对产妇产程及应对方式的影响。方法:选取2020年7月-2022年7月某院产科住院的80例孕晚期孕妇为研究对象,根据入院先后将其分为对照组(n=40,体验式分娩)和观察组(n=40,产前AIDET沟通模式+体验式分娩);比较两组干预前后应对方式[医学应对方式问卷中文版(MCMQ)],产程进展及分娩结局,产后并发症发生情况,新生儿健康状况[Apgar评分]及满意度。结果:干预前,两组MCMQ各维度评分均无显著差异(P>0.05);干预后,观察组面对评分高于对照组(t=4.367,P<0.05),屈服、回避评分低于对照组(t=-7.402,0.297,-4.162;P<0.05)。观察组第一产程、第二产程、第三产程及总产程均较对照组短(t=-6.717,-12.332,-5.314,-7.788;P<0.05);且观察组自然分娩占比高于对照组(67.50%vs 40.00%),剖宫产占比低于对照组(10.00%vs 30.00%)(χ^(2)=7.243,P<0.05)。观察组产后出血、尿潴留、会阴损伤发生率均低于对照组(χ^(2)=3.914,3.914,4.588;P<0.05),两组产后抑郁情况比较,观察组95.00%产妇正常,对照组70.00%正常,30.00%出现不同程度产后抑郁(χ^(2)=8.815,P<0.05)。两组新生儿出生1min、出生5min、出生10min后Apgar评分均无显著差异(P>0.05)。两组满意度比较,观察组为95.00%,高于对照组的77.50%(χ^(2)=5.165,P<0.05)。结论:产前AIDET沟通模式联合体验式分娩效果显著,可使产妇积极应对分娩,缩短各产程及总产程,提高自然分娩率,降低产后并发症及产后抑郁发生率,提升满意度。

剖宫产术后使用低分子肝素钠预防血栓形成的护理研究

目的探讨低分子肝素钠联合护理干预对剖宫产术后血栓形成的预防效果。方法将100例剖宫产术产妇随机分为观察组和对照组,每组50例。观察组在综合护理基础上给予低分子肝素钠预防血栓形成的护理措施。比较2组血栓发生风险、护理满意度和并发症发生率,评估低分子肝素钠联合护理干预在剖宫产术后预防血栓形成中的效果和安全性。结果观察组Homan征阳性率、下肢围度显著增加病例数、D-二聚体水平升高病例数、持续性疼痛和肿胀病例数、皮肤温度和颜色变化异常病例数均低于对照组,Wells评分及改良Caprini评分低于对照组,护理满意度评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组产妇的并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组产妇的生命体征(体温、脉搏、呼吸频率、血压)在术后第1、3天和出院前均恢复正常,手术切口均愈合良好。结论低分子肝素钠联合护理干预在预防剖宫产术后血栓形成中具有一定的效果,且安全性较高,能够提高产妇的护理满意度和术后康复质量。

聚焦解决护理模式在经阴道分娩初产妇中的应用效果

目的研究聚焦解决护理对经阴道分娩初产妇的影响。方法选取2022年10月至2023年10月滨州市中心医院的96例经阴道分娩初产妇为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组48例。对照组采用常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上采用聚焦解决护理。比较两组纯母乳喂养率、负面情绪、生活幸福感和满意度。结果护理后,观察组的纯母乳喂养率、总满意率比对照组高(P<0.05);护理后,观察组的负面情绪评分低于对照组,生活幸福感评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论为经阴道分娩的初产妇提供聚焦解决护理可以提高其纯母乳喂养率,缓解负面心理情绪,并提高其分娩后的生活幸福感,护理满意度高。

产后出血产妇采取卡前列素氨丁三醇联合缩宫素治疗后对其出血量的影响

目的探讨产后出血产妇采取卡前列素氨丁三醇联合缩宫素治疗后对其出血量的影响。方法100例产后出血产妇作为研究对象,根据治疗方式不同分为对照组(50例,采取缩宫素治疗)和观察组(50例,采取卡前列素氨丁三醇联合缩宫素治疗)。比较两组产妇的出血量、不良反应发生情况、治疗效果。结果治疗后2、12、24、36 h,观察组的出血量分别为(235.89±26.12)、(272.31±29.45)、(288.89±25.20)、(299.31±31.45)ml,均少于对照组的(306.45±22.24)、(351.81±31.81)、(386.45±26.24)、(405.81±31.81)ml,差异明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组产妇的不良反应发生率2.00%低于对照组的14.00%,差异明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,观察组的总有效率98.00%高于对照组的84.00%,差异明显(P<0.05)。结论对产后出血产妇采用卡前列素氨丁三醇联合缩宫素治疗后,能降低产妇的出血量,减少不良反应的发生,提高治疗效果,影响较大。

2016—2021年兰州市孕产妇不良妊娠结局影响因素分析

目的:调查2016—2021年兰州市孕产妇不良妊娠结局情况,分析孕产妇发生不良妊娠结局的高危因素,以期为不良妊娠结局的防治、优生优育的深入研究提供重要的参考依据。方法:从全国妇幼健康监测信息系统中抽取兰州市4家危重孕产妇监测医院2016—2021年住院分娩的孕产妇个案调查表(共174077份),采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析,探讨孕产妇发生不良妊娠结局的影响因素。结果:孕产妇受教育程度越低,胎儿发生低出生体重的风险越小;孕产妇为单身/离异时,胎儿发生低出生体重的风险越大。受教育程度越低、妊娠次数及产次越多、年龄越大,孕产妇分娩巨大儿的风险越大。受教育程度越低,分娩时胎先露及臀先露,流产、产次及既往剖宫产次数越多,胎儿发生死胎死产的风险越高;分娩时选择剖宫产的胎儿发生死胎死产的风险越低。受教育程度越低,分娩时胎儿臀先露、肩先露及混合先露,单身/离异,年龄越大,妊娠次数及产次越多,产妇发生早产风险越高。结论:兰州市孕产妇发生不良妊娠结局情况不容乐观,不良妊娠结局受到多方面因素的影响。孕产妇自身及医疗机构应重视不良妊娠结局及相关危险因素,采取多种有效措施进行预防控制,以减少不良妊娠结局的发生。

分娩镇痛联合心理干预对初产妇的影响

目的:探讨分娩镇痛联合心理干预对初产妇的影响。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年1月在宜兴市妇幼保健院进行阴道分娩的100例产妇,采用随机数表法将其分成对照组及观察组,对照组50例采用硬膜外分娩镇痛技术和常规干预的分娩方式;观察组50例采用硬膜外分娩镇痛技术联合全程心理干预模式。比较两组镇痛效果、产程时长、分娩心理。结果:观察组产程时长和产后2 h出血量与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。观察组数字评分法(numerical rating scale,NRS)评分、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)、抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)评分明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:分娩镇痛技术联合心理干预能够达到更好的镇痛效果,改善产妇焦虑和抑郁的心理状态,缓解产妇的心理压力,提升产妇的分娩质量。

血清学检测联合细胞学检测在高龄产妇产前诊断中的价值

目的:探讨血清学检测联合细胞学检测在高龄产妇产前诊断中的应用价值。方法:回顾性分析2022年4月—2023年4月深圳市第九人民医院收治的120例高龄产妇的临床资料。采用全自动时间分辨荧光免疫分析仪对产妇的血浆蛋白-A(PAPP-A)、β-人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-hCG)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)及游离雌三醇(uE3)水平进行血清学检测,采用无创DNA进行细胞学检测。以羊膜穿刺后染色体检查结果为金标准,采用受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线评估两种检测手段对胎儿染色体异常的检测效能,并对妊娠结局进行随访。结果:120例产妇中,经染色体核型分析,胎儿染色体异常有32例。细胞学、血清学单独及联合检测胎儿染色体异常的AUC分别为0.882、0.878、0.952;敏感度分别为84.4%、81.2%、93.8%;特异度分别为92.0%、94.3%、96.6%。32例检测出胎儿染色体异常的孕妇中,30例选择引产,2例选择正常分娩,正常分娩胎儿为47,XXY和47,XYY。结论:血清学检测联合细胞学检测在高龄产妇产前诊断中具有重要价值,能有效提升诊断准确性,优化临床决策,对保障高龄产妇母婴健康具有重要意义。