Clinical Effectiveness of the Plate Screw Internal Fixation Technique in the Treatment of Patients with Traumatic Fractures of Long Bones in the Lower Extremities

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the plate screw internal fixation technique on the clinical outcomes of patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. Methods: From January 2022 to December 2023, 70 patients with traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities were admitted to the hospital and randomly divided into two groups: the control group and the observation group, each consisting of 35 cases. The control group underwent traditional closed interlocking intramedullary nailing, while the observation group received internal fixation with steel plates and screws. Relevant surgical indicators, treatment effectiveness, and postoperative complication rates were compared between the two groups. Results: The observation group exhibited significantly short surgical duration (80.65 ± 5.01 vs. 88.36 ± 5.26 minutes), fracture healing time (13.27 ± 0.32 vs. 15.52 ± 0.48 weeks), and hospitalization days (10.49 ± 1.13 vs. 16.57 ± 1.15 days) compared to the control group (P = 0.000). The effective treatment rate was significantly higher in the observation group (29/82.86%) than in the control group (21/60.00%), with a significant difference observed (χ2 = 4.480, P = 0.034). Additionally, the complication rate in the observation group (2/5.71%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (8/22.86%), with a correlated difference (χ2 = 4.200, P = 0.040). Conclusion: The plate screw internal fixation technique demonstrates significant clinical efficacy in treating traumatic fractures of long bones in the lower extremities. It improves the healing rate, reduces complications, and represents a safe and effective treatment strategy worthy of widespread use and application.

Effect of combining music media therapy with lower extremity exercise on elderly patients with diabetes mellitus

Objective:To evaluate the compliance with lower extremity exercise and blood circulation in the feet of elderly diabetics following a combination of music media therapy and a lower extremity exercise regimen.Method:The 72 elderly diabetic patient subjects were divided into two groups:control group(n=38)and intervention group(n=34).Both groups were exposed to the same comprehensive therapy to control glucose levels.While the control group was given the lower extremity exercise,the intervention group received the extremity exercise in addition to the music media.Result:After three months of intervention,the adherence to the lower extremity exercise regimen in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group(p<0.05).Additionally,following six months of treatment,both the dorsal artery peak values and ankle-brachial indices(ABIs)showed significant differences between the control and intervention groups(p<0.05).Conclusion:Music media treatment combined with lower extremity exercise can both significantly increase the extent of exercise compliance of elderly patients suffering from diabetes mellitus,as well as improve blood circulation in their feet.

Preventing Lower Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis After Hip Fracture Surgery in Elderly Patients by Acupoint Application Combined with Pneumatic Compression Therapy

Objective:To investigate and analyze the long-term clinical effects of acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis after hip fracture surgery among the elderly.Methods:Sixty elderly patients who had undergone hip fracture surgery from February 2021 to February 2022 were selected as the research subjects.The patients were divided into two groups via drawing lots.Both the groups received nursing care,but the patients in the observation group were treated with TCM acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy,whereas the control group received pneumatic compression therapy.The evaluation indicators included the patients’quality of life and complications.Results:The incidence of lower extremity deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was more than twice(0.3%),whereas the incidence of lower extremity complications in the control group was more than 6 times(20%).There was a significant difference between the two groups(p<0.05).Conclusion:Traditional Chinese medicine acupoint application combined with pneumatic compression therapy is beneficial for the prevention of postoperative lower extremity deep vein thrombosis among elderly patients.In addition,the patients’overall quality-of-life scores in both physiological and psychological aspects improved significantly,which carries significant clinical reference value.

To Explore the Relationship between Lower Extremity Vascular Sclerosis and Osteoporosis in Elderly Men with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective: To investigate the correlation between lower extremity vascular sclerosis and osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A total of 359 elderly male patients with type II diabetes hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2018 to June 2023 were retrospectively collected. According to the BMD (Bone Density Value), the patients were categorized into osteoporotic (T ≤ -2.5, n = 248) and non-osteoporotic groups (T > -2.5, n = 111). T test and Chi-square test were used to evaluate the differences in clinical data, biochemical markers and ABI between two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results: Compared with the non-osteoporotic group, the differences in diabetes course, systolic blood pressure, ABI, BMI, uric acid, triglyceride, and HDL in the osteoporotic group were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that lower extremity vascular sclerosis was an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in elderly men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (P Conclusion: Atherosclerosis of the lower extremities in elderly men with T2DM is closely related to osteoporosis, and can lead to a decrease in bone mass, and an increase in osteoporosis.

Clinical effect of ultrasound-guided nerve block and dexmedetomidine anesthesia on lower extremity operative fracture reduction

BACKGROUND Lower extremity fractures are mainly treated by surgical reduction,but this operation is often affected by the patient’s level of agitation and the type of anesthesia used.The main treatment for lower-extremity fractures is operative reduction.However,operations can often be affected by both agitation and the degree of anesthesia.Therefore,it is of great importance to develop an effective anesthesia program to effectively ensure the progress of surgery.AIM To discuss the effect of ultrasound-guided nerve block combined with dexmedetomidine anesthesia in lower extremity fracture surgery.METHODS A total of 120 hospital patients with lower extremity fractures were selected for this retrospective study and divided into an observation group(n=60)and a control group(n=60)according to the anesthesia scheme;the control group received ultrasound-guided nerve block;the observation group was treated with dextromethomidine on the basis of the control group,and the mean arterial pressure,heart rate(HR),and blood oxygen saturation were observed in the two groups.RESULTS The mean arterial pressure of T1,T2 and T3 in the observation group were 94.40±7.10,90.84±7.21 and 91.03±6.84 mmHg,significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The observation group’s HR at T1 was 76.60±7.52 times/min,significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05);The observation group’s HR at T2 and T3 was 75.40±8.03 times/min and 76.64±7.11 times/min,significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The observation group’s visual analog score at 2 h,6 h and 12 h after operation was 3.55±0.87,2.84±0.65 and 2.05±0.40.the recovery time was 15.51±4.21 min,significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Six hours post-anesthesia,epinephrine and norepinephrine in the observation group were 81.10±21.19 pg/mL and 510.20±98.27 pg/mL,significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the mini-mental state exam score of the observation group was 25.51±1.15,significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Ultrasound-guided nerve block combined with dexmedetomidine has a good anesthetic effect in the operation of lower limb fractures and has little effect on the hemodynamics of patients.

Effects of surgical treatment modalities on postoperative cognitive function and delirium in elderly patients with extremely unstable hip fractures

BACKGROUND As the perioperative risk of elderly patients with extremely unstable hip fractures(EUHFs)is relatively high and therapeutic effect is not satisfactory,new therapeutic strategies need to be proposed urgently to improve the efficacy and clinical outcomes of such patients.AIM To determine the influence of two surgical treatment modalities on postoperative cognitive function(CF)and delirium in elderly patients with EUHFs.METHODS A total of 60 elderly patients consecutively diagnosed with EUHF between September 2020 and January 2022 in the Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital were included.Of them,30 patients received conventional treatment(control group;general consultation+fracture type-guided internal fixation),and the other 30 received novel treatment(research group;perioperative multidisciplinary treatment diagnosis and treatment+individualized surgical plan+risk prediction).Information on hip function[Harris hip score(HHS)],perioperative risk of orthopedic surgery[Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the Enumeration of Mortality and Morbidity(POSSUM)],CF[Montreal cognitive assessment scale(MoCA)],postoperative delirium[mini-cognitive(Mini-Cog)],adverse events(AEs;internal fixation failure,infection,nonunion,malunion,and postoperative delirium),and clinical indicators[operation time(OT),postoperative hospital length of stay(HLOS),ambulation time,and intraoperative blood loss(IBL)]were collected from both groups for comparative analyses.RESULTS The HHS scores were similar between both groups.The POSSUM score at 6 mo after surgery was significantly lower in the research group compared with the control group,and MoCA and Mini-Cog scores were statistically higher.In addition,the overall postoperative complication rate was significantly lower in the research than in the control group,including reduced OT,postoperative HLOS,ambulation time,and IBL.CONCLUSION The new treatment modality has more clinical advantages over the conventional treatment,such as less IBL,faster functional recovery,more effectively optimized perioperative quality control,improved postoperative CF,mitigated postoperative delirium,and reduced operation-related AEs.

Caprini评分联合纤维蛋白原水平对下肢骨折患者下肢深静脉血栓的预测价值

目的:探究Caprini评分联合纤维蛋白原(fibrinogen,FIB)水平对下肢骨折患者下肢深静脉血栓(deep vein thrombosis,DVT)的预测价值。方法:以2020年1月1日—2022年9月30日中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第904医院收治的下肢骨折患者作为研究对象,共100例。根据术前下肢深静脉彩色多普勒超声检查结果将研究对象分成DVT组(n=11)和非DVT组(n=89)。比较DVT组和非DVT组FIB水平和Caprini评分;基于模型公式:Y=β_(0)+β_(1)×A+β_(2)×B,构建Caprini评分、FIB回归模型;建立受试者操作特征(ROC)曲线,分析Caprini评分、FIB、Caprini评分联合FIB在下肢骨折患者下肢DVT预测中的应用价值。结果:DVT组的Caprini评分、FIB水平均高于非DVT组(P<0.05)。Caprini评分、FIB的二元logistic回归模型为:Y=-21.556+2.637×FIB+1.997×Caprini评分。经ROC曲线分析,FIB预测下肢DVT的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.908,敏感度为81.82%,特异度为92.13%;Caprini评分预测下肢DVT的AUC为0.939,敏感度为90.91%,特异度为85.39%;Caprini评分联合FIB预测下肢DVT的AUC为0.972,敏感度为100%,特异度为86.52%。结论:发生下肢DVT的下肢骨折患者术前的Caprini评分较高,FIB水平呈现异常增高的情况,Caprini评分联合FIB预测下肢DVT的价值更高。

Caprini评分、D-二聚体、纤维蛋白原水平在骨折后下肢深静脉血栓病人中的变化及其临床意义

目的探讨Caprini评分、血浆D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平在骨折后下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)病人中的变化及其临床意义。方法骨折后DVT病人60例(DVT组),骨折后未发生DVT的病人120例(对照组),对比两组病人的Caprini评分、血浆D-二聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平,分析Caprini评分与DVT组病人的血浆D-D、FIB的关系。结果 DVT组病人的Caprini评分(7.26±1.88)分、D-D(3.31±1.52)mg/L、FIB(4.48±0.72)g/L,对照组分别为(3.39±0.80)分、(0.46±0.11)mg/L、(3.60±0.68)g/L,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);DVT组病人的Caprini评分与D-D、FIB水平均呈正相关(r=0.748、r=0.662,P<0.05);Wells评分与D-D、FIB水平三者联合应用鉴别诊断骨折病人发生DVT的灵敏度为97.83%、特异度为92.00%、漏诊率为2.17%、误诊率为8.00,ROC曲线下面积AUC值为0.947(P<0.05)。结论下肢骨折病人的Caprini评分、D-D、FIB水平对于诊断DVT具有一定的临床价值。

血栓弹力图与凝血因子Ⅴ、Serpine1对创伤性骨折患者术后下肢深静脉血栓的预测价值分析

目的探讨血栓弹力图(thrombelastography,TEG)与人纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂1(human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,Serpine1)对创伤性骨折患者术后下肢深静脉血栓的预测价值。方法选取2019年10月至2021年10月于杭州整形医院就诊的疑似下肢深静脉血栓的创伤性骨折术后患者272例,以超声造影检查诊断为“金标准”,将确诊为下肢深静脉血栓的200例患者设为研究组,72例非下肢深静脉血栓患者设为对照组,两组患者均行TEG检查,检测两组的凝血因子Ⅴ、Serpine1水平。结果与对照组比较,研究组的TEG参数凝固时间(solidification time,K)、反应时间(reaction time,R)降低,最大幅度(maximum magnitude,MA)、凝固角(solidification angle,α)升高,且研究组重度患者的K、R较低,MA、α、凝血因子Ⅴ、Serpine1水平较高(P<0.05)。K、R、MA、α、凝血因子Ⅴ、Serpine1与研究组轻度、重度严重程度相关,且K、R、MA、α与凝血因子Ⅴ、Serpine1相关。K、R、MA、α、凝血因子Ⅴ、Serpine1联合检测对创伤性骨折患者术后下肢深静脉血栓的预测价值较高。结论TEG联合凝血因子Ⅴ、Serpine1对创伤性骨折患者术后下肢深静脉血栓有较高的预测价值,具有一定的临床价值。

基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的影响

目的:探讨基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后患者下肢深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis,DVT)的影响。方法:选取2020年3月至2022年2月北京积水潭医院收治并施行手术治疗的186例老年髋部骨折患者为研究对象。根据随机数字表法将患者随机分为对照组与观察组,每组各93例。比较2组患者DVT发生率、血栓最大宽度及DVT相关知识知晓情况;比较2组患者术前、术后3、5 d及出院时D-二聚体值、双下肢大腿周径差值,并记录干预期间其他并发症情况。结果:观察组患者DVT发生率为4.30%,低于对照组的12.90%(P<0.05)。观察组患者血栓最大宽度低于对照组(P<0.05)。出院时,观察组患者预防DVT相关知识知晓问卷总分及各维度评分均高于对照组(均P<0.05)。术后,随着时间推移,2组患者D-二聚体值随之下降,且观察组各时间点D-二聚体值均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。术后3 d,2组患者双下肢大腿周径差值均较术前上升,之后2组患者双下肢大腿周径差值随时间推移下降,且观察组患者各时间点双下肢大腿周径差值均低于对照组(均P<0.05)。观察组患者其他并发症发生率为6.5%,显著低于对照组的18.3%(P<0.05)。结论:基于Caprini风险评估模型的个性化预防护理对老年髋部骨折术后下肢DVT的预防效果较好,能明显减少DVT。

Autar量表联合Caprini量表对骨盆骨折病人下肢深静脉血栓形成风险评估的诊断和预测价值

目的:探讨Autar评分联合血栓风险因素评估量表(Caprini)在骨盆骨折病人下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)形成中的诊断和预测价值。方法:选取厦门大学附属东南医院2015年1月—2020年1月收治的158例骨盆骨折病人,根据是否发生DVT分为血栓组(39例)和非血栓组(119例)。比较两组病人凝血指标、Autar评分和Caprini量表评分差异,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC)评价Autar评分联合Caprini量表评分诊断DVT的价值。结果:血栓组Autar评分和Caprini量表评分高于非血栓组(P<0.05);Autar评分和Caprini量表评分呈正相关(r=0.871,P<0.01);Autar评分联合Caprini量表评估方法ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.887,优于单独使用Autar评分或者Caprini量表评估。结论:Autar评分联合Caprini量表评分能有效预测骨盆骨折病人DVT的发生。

基于诺莫图构建髋部骨折患者发生下肢深静脉血栓的预测模型

目的探讨髋部骨折患者发生下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的独立危险因素,并构建和验证列线图模型。方法选择2020年1月至2023年6月佛山市中医院骨科收治的髋部骨折患者227例为研究对象,按照7∶3比例将患者分为建模组(n=159)和验证组(n=68)。收集患者的临床资料,采用LASSO回归和Logistic回归筛选髋部骨折患者发生DVT的独立危险因素,建立风险预测模型和列线图。采用一致性指数(C-index)、校准曲线、受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线进行评价。结果建模组159例髋部骨折中发生DVT 33例,发生率为20.89%。LASSO回归结合多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄≥70岁、糖尿病、受伤至手术时间≥5 d、低蛋白血症、D-二聚体>0.5是髋部骨折患者发生DVT的独立危险因素。基于上述危险因素绘制列线图模型,将上述5个危险因素构建列线图模型,模型区分度良好(C-index=0.932);Hosmer-Lemeshow检验显示,列线图的拟合优度良好(χ^(2)=57.625,P=0.732)。建模组和验证组发生DVT的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.932、0.821,模型准确度高。结论年龄≥70岁、糖尿病、受伤至手术时间≥5 d、低蛋白血症、D-二聚体>0.5是髋部骨折患者发生DVT的独立危险因素,基于上述因子构建的列线图模型可有效预测髋部骨折患者发生DVT的风险。

利伐沙班和低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期的应用效果分析

目的分析利伐沙班和低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期的应用效果。方法选取2020年6月至2021年10月于厦门大学附属中山医院就诊的老年粗隆间骨折围手术期患者130例为研究对象。按随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组65例。对照组采用低分子肝素皮下注射预防血栓,观察组采用利伐沙班口服预防血栓。比较2组患者术前及术后2周的凝血指标,术后2周内下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)和肺栓塞的发生率,术中出血量、术后引流量及住院时间,术后1 d炎症相关指标。结果2组患者术前、术后2周组间和组内凝血相关指标差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后观察组下肢DVT发生率显著低于对照组[4.6%(3/65)比15.4%(10/65)],差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.188,P=0.041)。观察组与对照组术中出血量、术后引流量及住院时间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。术后1 d观察组降钙素原和C反应蛋白水平显著低于对照组[(0.17±0.02)μg/L比(0.22±0.01)μg/L、(20.2±2.3)mg/L比(23.9±3.6)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。结论利伐沙班与低分子肝素在老年粗隆间骨折患者围手术期均有良好的抗凝效果及安全性,但利伐沙班预防术后下肢DVT发生的效果更显著且口服用药更方便。

个体化3D打印技术联合心理干预在下肢创伤骨折手术患者中的应用效果

目的:探讨基于医工结合背景下个体化3D打印技术联合心理干预,在改善下肢创伤骨折手术患者情绪状态的影响效果。方法:选取在唐山市第二医院住院治疗的下肢创伤性骨折手术患者为研究对象。将2022年1-6月住院的患者45例作为对照组,采用传统常规方式进行健康宣教;选取2022年7-12月住院的患者47例为研究组,采用医工结合背景下3D打印技术联合心理干预进行干预,比较两组患者入院时和出院时的焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分差异,比较两组患者存在焦虑状态和抑郁状态差异,比较两组患者依从性(包括健康教育掌握情况、配合治疗护理)和对护理工作满意度的差异。结果:①两组患者入院时焦虑和抑郁情绪没有显著差异,但在出院时研究组的SAS评分和SDS评分与对照组有显著差异(F=111.216,54.172;P<0.01),且实验组的焦虑和抑郁显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);②两组患者的依从性和满意度存在显著性差异,差异均具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.520,7.723;P<0.05)。结论:医工结合背景下之3D打印技术联合心理干预可有效减轻下肢创伤骨折患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪,提升患者的依从性和满意度。

股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓并发症影响因素分析及Nomogram模型建立

目的探讨股骨粗隆间骨折手术后早期发生下肢深静脉血栓的危险因素,并进行Nomogram模型构建。方法选取2018年1月—2020年12月于华北石油管理局总医院行股骨粗隆间骨折手术的120例患者,术后早期发生下肢深静脉血栓13例。按照术后住院期间是否发生下肢深静脉血栓分为并发症组和无并发症组。采用多因素Logistics分析术后发生并发症的风险并构建Nomogram模型。结果并发症组患者住院时长、术后住院时间、治疗总费用均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。单因素分析显示,骨折类型、合并慢性病种类、贫血输血、骨折发病时长是术后下肢深静脉血栓的潜在影响因素,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。将单因素有统计学差异的变量进行Logistics多因素分析,合并慢性病种类、贫血输血、骨折发病时长是股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。采用内部数据进行验证,C-index为0.746(95%CI:0.596~0.935),该Nomogram模型预测与实际观测结果吻合度较好。结论术前合并慢性病≥3种、贫血输血、骨折发病时长>1 d是股骨粗隆间骨折术后下肢深静脉血栓的独立危险因素。本研究构建的Nomogram模型有助于指导医师完善个性化围手术期治疗方案。

早期康复干预对下肢骨折患者发生下肢深静脉血栓的预防价值

目的探讨早期康复干预对下肢骨折患者发生下肢深静脉血栓(DVT)的预防价值。方法收集2021年2月至2023年5月安徽医科大学附属宿州医院收治的180例下肢骨折患者的临床资料,按照住院期间是否接受了早期康复干预将患者分为观察组(于术后当天启动早期康复干预)和对照组(于术后3 d后启动康复干预),每组90例。比较两组患者的骨折情况、手术相关指标和住院结局。结果两组患者骨折部位、骨折下肢、骨折性质和手术相关指标比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。术后住院期间,共9例(5.0%)患者发生下肢DVT,其中,观察组患者的下肢DVT发生率低于对照组患者,术后卧床时间短于对照组患者,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。两组患者轻微出血事件的发生率、院内感染的发生率以及术后72 h伤口或切口视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。结论早期康复干预可以降低下肢骨折患者发生下肢DVT的风险,缩短卧床时间,并且不会增加术后疼痛感和轻微出血的发生风险,具有降低术后感染风险的趋势。

小剂量罗哌卡因复合羟考酮用于老年下肢骨折手术麻醉中的效果探讨

目的探讨小剂量罗哌卡因复合羟考酮应用于老年下肢骨折手术麻醉中的效果。方法回顾性分析接受下肢骨折手术治疗的80例老年患者的临床资料,按麻醉方式不同分为对照组及观察组,每组40例。对照组采用常规剂量罗哌卡因麻醉,观察组采用小剂量罗哌卡因复合羟考酮麻醉。比较两组患者的血流动力学指标(收缩压、舒张压、心率)变化情况,麻醉质量,术后疼痛情况,不良反应发生情况。结果麻醉后5、30 min,两组收缩压、舒张压、心率水平均下降,但观察组的收缩压、舒张压、心率水平高于对照组,变化幅度小于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组麻醉优良率为95.00%(38/40),对照组为97.50%(39/40),对比差异不显著(P>0.05)。观察组术后2、6 h疼痛数字评分法(NRS)评分分别为(2.82±0.52)、(3.37±0.44)分,低于对照组的(3.58±0.54)、(4.10±0.51)分(P<0.05);两组术后12 h NRS评分对比,差异不显著(P>0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为10.00%(4/40),低于对照组的25.00%(10/40),但组间对比差异不显著(P>0.05)。结论小剂量罗哌卡因复合羟考酮应用于老年下肢骨折手术中取得了良好的麻醉效果,能维持血流动力学的稳定,提升术后镇痛效果,并且有良好的安全性。

改良冰肌散联合气压疗法预防股骨骨折下肢深静脉血栓临床观察

目的探究改良冰肌散联合气压疗法预防股骨骨折下肢深静脉血栓(LDVT)的临床疗效。方法采用回顾性观察性研究,选取2019年1月—2020年6月江西中医药大学附属医院骨科收治的股骨骨折患者60例。其中对照组30例行冰肌散涂药治疗,研究组30例行冰肌散涂药联合气压治疗。比较两组患者LDVT的发生率、疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、下肢肿胀的变化及不良反应发生率。结果与对照组比较,研究组患者LDVT的发生率、下肢肿胀发生率及VAS评分均显著降低(P<0.05)。研究组治疗总有效率为93.33%(28/30),高于对照组的80.00%(24/30)(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗期间均未出现不良反应。结论改良冰肌散联合气压疗法预防股骨骨折LDVT的临床显著。

椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉下手术的下肢骨折老年患者LDVT发生率比较

目的:比较椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉下手术对下肢骨折老年患者下肢深静脉血栓(LDVT)发生率的影响。方法:选取2020年1月至2022年1月在永城市人民医院接受手术治疗的90例下肢骨折老年患者,依据随机数字表将全部患者均分为对照组(全身麻醉)与观察组(椎管内麻醉),各45例。比较两组患者手术情况、术后恢复情况、麻醉情况、术中生命体征、术后48 h运动功能状态,统计术后LDVT与麻醉并发症发生率。结果:观察组患者手术时间、术中出血量、术后床旁活动时间及住院时间均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者麻醉生效时间、术后睁眼时间、语言陈述恢复时间、术中麻醉药物用量均少于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者麻醉后10 min(T1)、术毕即刻(T2)时心率、平均动脉压均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后48 h的运动功能分级优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(Z=2.183,P<0.05);观察组患者术后LDVT发生率与麻醉不良反应总发生率均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:椎管内麻醉与全身麻醉相比,能够有效降低下肢骨折老年患者术后LDVT发生风险。

健康教育互动模式对小儿下肢骨折术后康复锻炼依从性的影响

目的分析健康教育互动模式在小儿下肢骨折术后干预中对康复锻炼依从性影响。方法选择骨科2020年11月至2022年11月住院的90例下肢骨折手术患儿,随机法分组,每组45例,常规组术后给予常规康复护理,观察组术后在常规组基础上给予健康教育互动模式干预,比较2组汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)评分、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、疼痛数字评分法(NRS)评分、康复锻炼依从性、并发症总发生率、家属满意度。结果观察组护理后HAMA评分、HAMD评分、NRS评分均低于常规组(P<0.05)。观察组康复锻炼依从性为93.33%高于常规组的73.33%(P<0.05)。观察组并发症总发生率为2.22%低于常规组的17.78%(P<0.05)。观察组家属满意度(93.33%)高于常规组的66.67%(P<0.05)。结论健康教育互动模式可有效减轻下肢骨折患儿焦虑、抑郁等不良情绪及疼痛感,提高康复锻炼依从性,降低并发症发生率,赢得家属认可与赞同,具有一定的参考价值。