Analysis of Factors Affecting Loyalty of Employees of Private Higher Education Institutions in Herat,Afghanistan

This study examined factors affecting employee loyalty of Higher Education Private Institutes in Herat,Afghanistan.Present research is exploratory as well as descriptive in nature.To gain the objectives of this study,self-structure questionnaire was made and distributed to 132 employees of private higher education institutions to collect primary data.In this research,for data analysis in descriptive statistics,SPSS24 separation software and for data analysis in inferential statistics,which includes fitting of measurement model,fitting of structural model and testing of research hypotheses from Smart software PLS3.0 was used.Results show that factors affecting employee loyalty are:Compensation,Work environment,Person-job fit,Empowerment,and Leadership.

A New Perspective of Rural Tourism and Leisure Agriculture Integration:An Empirical Analysis of Rural Tourism Satisfaction and Loyalty in Dalishu Village

Tourism has become the most dynamic and promising green industry in Dalishu Village.However,with the increase of the same type of tourist areas and the addition of other theme tourism destinations,the rural tourism of Dalishu Village is facing the problem of how to develop in homogenous competition and how to maintain stable development.This is also a problem that needs to be addressed seriously in the development of rural tourism.Starting from the image perception factors,this study chooses the interaction among image perception factors,satisfaction and loyalty as a perspective,in order to identify the important factors that play a key role in tourists'satisfaction and loyalty,and to provide a new driving force for the integrated development of rural tourism in Dalishu Village.

Research on customer loyalty of B2C e-commerce

Customer loyalty of B2C e-commerce is studied by testing the hypotheses on five latent variables using the structural equation modeling method. After correcting model, online store image is obviously fundamental basis on expectations of shopping online, experience of shopping online, customer satisfaction and customer loyalty between which there are seven positive relationships accepted in the AMOS model. The results provide scientific evidence for B2C e-commerce.

A Study of Accounting English from the Perspective of Function Plus Loyalty Theory

In recent years, the study of English for special purpose(ESP) has been focused by different scholars. In the research of ESP, the study of accounting English has aroused interests of different researchers. This paper will study accounting English from the perspective of translation theory—Function Plus Loyalty Theory. The research presents that the rules can be applied to accounting English.

The Research of Customer Loyalty Improvement in Telecom Industry Based on NPS Data Mining

In recent years, the telecommunications have used the concept of NPS(Net Promoter Score) for customer relationship management, but there is neither definite theory research nor instructive instance research. However, this paper summarizes an approach with instance case analysis to improve customer loyalty via NPS data mining, which has extensive and practical significance for tele-companies. First, this paper finds some driven forces of customer loyalty, which are relative to customer consumption such as the call duration, the usage of data, ARPU, etc., by using some innovative reasoning-analysis based on IG(Information Gain) and xg-boost decision-making tree model, so the tele-companies can predict the role of individual customer and form daily monitoring on big data, which will save a lot of NPS survey cost. Second, this paper summarizes how customer group feature impacts the relationship between NPS and financial performance. Taking ARPU value as the performance goals, we divide the sample customers into 6 groups and summarize their characteristics based on k-means clustering, and give targeted suggestion of each group.

The Effects of B2C Interaction on Customer Loyalty

Purpose： This research attempts to examine the relationship between B2C interaction and customer loyalty in Business-to-Customer（B2C） context from a new perspective of the interactive tool.Design/methodology/approach： The scale for B2C interactive tools is of seven dimensions： efficiency, security, fulfillment, mobility, community, cultivation, and customization. A model reflecting the influences of these attributes on customer loyalty is developed and empirically examined based on data collected from 265 B2C customers. Findings： Results reveal that the fulfillment, mobility, community, and customization of B2C interactive tools can enhance customer loyalty directly and significantly. Efficiency and security, serving as the premise for possible purchase behavior, facilitate fulfillment. In addition, cultivation promotes the formation of customization, which directly strengthens customer loyalty.Research limitations： Models considering individual-level indicators and combined with classic loyalty mechanisms in B2C context may lead to a deeper understanding of the tested effects of interaction on customer loyalty.Practical implications： To strengthen B2C interaction and further cultivate loyal customers, making interactive tools more fundamental, flexible, and personalized is critical for B2C enterprises. Originality/value： This study proposes a new perspective from interactive tools when measuring the relationship between B2C interaction and customer loyalty, and offers a useful theoretical lens and reasonable explanations for investigating customer loyalty in B2C e-commerce context.

Land tenure security,place satisfaction and loyalty in the peri-urban area of Ibadan City,Nigeria

Land tenure security is pertinent to achieving the sustainable development agenda in cities where land is needed and useful for development purposes.Sufficient empirical research has been done to prove the importance of tenure security for investment,resilience,conservation,food security,as well as health and well-being,but it has not been clarified if and how land tenure security could adequately influence place loyalty and satisfaction with the residential environment,as it is clear that place loyalty and satisfaction are pertinent to inclusive development.Using the case of Ibadan City,the study examined how different dimensions of tenure security could determine residents’place loyalty and satisfaction.The study employed a survey cross-sectional research design to distribute 514 structured questionnaires to household heads across 4 sampled peri-urban local government areas while 452 were retrieved for analysis.Hierarchical regression analysis model was employed to understand the association between tenure security dimensions and satisfaction(as model I)and loyalty(as model II).For model I,F=8.640,P=0.000,R=0.555,and R^(2)=0.308 were obtained;while for model II,F=9.157,P=0.001,R=0.415,and R^(2)=0.173 were acquired.This thus means that residents’place loyalty and satisfaction can partly be explained by tenure security.In particular,respondents with no eviction experience,recognized property rights,and invulnerable to eviction have higher odds of being satisfied and loyal.Therefore,we recommend protection,improvement,and upgrading of land tenure security as one of the means to promote place loyalty and satisfaction,which is essential to achieving inclusive and sustainable development.

The Role of Service Quality,Perceived Value and Trust on Calculative Commitment and Loyalty Intention

Global mobile communication is one of the most dynamic and important service markets.Several researchers suggest using a theoretical approach to develop a much deeper insight into key marketing constructs,such as service quality,customer perceived value,customer satisfaction,perceived switching costs,corporate image,and customer loyalty,is vital to the mobile communications market.This paper aims to investigate the role of service quality,trust,and perceived value on calculative commitment and loyalty intention in the customers of mobile telephone network service providers(MTNSPs).To notify the meaningful factors for the calculative commitment and loyalty intention of the users in using mobile phones,this study focuses on the effect of service quality and perceived value in the trust and identifying the role of trust in forming customer loyalty.As many as 125 users of mobile phone users—house wife were surveyed in Coimbatore,Tamil Nadu,India.The data are analyzed by path analysis.This study shows that service quality has a direct and positive effect on trust,trust has a direct and positive effect on calculative commitment,calculative commitment has a direct and positive effect on loyalty,and direct and positive relationship between perceived value and calculative commitment,perceived value,and loyalty are also confirmed.In terms of mobile telecommunication systems,it is found that the users may exhibit noticeable differences in using this service.This study provides important hints to strengthen the relationship between the network service providers and their customers.

Analysis of the Relationship Between Perceived Security and Customer Trust and Loyalty in Online Shopping

Advancements in the internet technology triggered a line of developments in the field of marketing. As an alternative to the conventional shopping, online shopping over the internet has gained substantial share of retail market. Customers get used to this new shopping venue and nowadays prefer it more and more according to the researchers, ten percent of the global population now uses internet for shopping. In this research, the author explored the relationship between the security measures implemented by a company, very active in the online shopping domain, and the customer trust and loyalty on the online services provided by this company. Findings of this research are based on survey data analyzed in SPSS. This research supports the existence of a relationship between the security of a company＇s website and customer trust and loyalty on the online services of this company When the perception of security measures improves, customer trust and loyalty increases accordingly

Customer Loyalty： An Empirical Study on Italian E-commerce Websites

In contemporary entrepreneurial environment based on customer retention, the growth of the internet has pushed the most dynamic businesses to compete in the electronic market. In literature, there are many studies showing how a company＇s brand affects customer loyalty. Less attention has been paid to the relationship between e-commerce website loyalty and e-customer loyalty. This paper can be included in a stream of research that applies the construct of loyalty to e-commerce. Thus, this study aims to analyze, within the electronic market, the elements influencing and determining the trust and loyalty of the e-customers. This research consists of a descriptive study carried out utilizing the survey method. The population in this study includes 421 e-customers of Italian online multi-brand portals. The instrument of data gathering was a web-questionnaire and the data analysis was based on regression. Findings show a positive relationship between three factors （website technological level, e-service quality, and brand） and e-customer trust. Furthermore, the correlation, among the three variables, trust as mediating variable, and e-customer＇s loyalty, has been revealed. Therefore, it can be basically assumed that trust builds e-customer loyalty.

The Influence of'Last One Kilometer'Service Quality on Customer Loyalty under C2C Mode--The Mediating Role of Customer Satis-faction

Via questionnaire investigation on express users in Wuhan colleges and universities,it is found that client satisfaction plays partial mediator role between service quality of express industry and client loyalty. Moreover,correlation regression analysis of data is conducted by SPSS17. 0 software. It is found that communication quality,order quality,delivery quality and remedy quality have significantly positive impacts on client satisfaction,while personalized service quality does not have significant impact on client satisfaction; communication quality,order quality,personalized service quality and remedy quality have significantly positive impacts on client loyalty,while communication quality does not have significant impact on client loyalty. Finally,countermeasures and suggestions are proposed according to the above conclusions.

The Effect of Service Quality on Behavioral Loyalty Through Customer Satisfaction and Attitudinal Loyalty in the 4-Star Hotel in East Java, Indonesia

This research was conducted to test and analyze the influence of service quality on behavioral loyalty through customer satisfaction and attitudinal loyalty to 4-Star Hotel in East Java.This research is a survey research.The sampling technique used is non probability sampling.Sample sizes are 200 respondents.The analysis tool used is Structural Equation Model(SEM)Analysis.The result of the research shows that hypothesis proposed in this research is accepted.Academic suggestion submitted is for research that will come dating need to be explored influence of other variables that influence behavioral loyalty.While practical suggestions submitted to business actors is for business actors to pay attention and keep the variables that effect behavioral loyalty.Especially studied in this study they are:service quality,customer satisfaction,and attitudinal loyalty.

Investigation into the Customer Loyalty and Corporate Image Relationship

While extant of academic literature shows that service quality and customer satisfaction are key to building customer loyalty,given these equitable,“Does corporate image create loyalty”is the question this research probes.A primary research was conducted among the mobile communication subscribers.A total of 550 subscribers of mobile communication services in Mumbai,India were approached.Of this,400 complete and valid responses were collected.Findings suggest that corporate image and the service quality perceived by the customers have a strong relationship with customer loyalty.This implies that both external marketing and interactive marketing dimensions have a direct impact on building customer loyalty.Customer satisfaction was seen to be completely mediating the relationship between service quality and customer loyalty.This research provides a model that can help the managers of service organizations to enhance customer loyalty.Since corporate image positively impacts the customer loyalty along with service quality,it is important for the industry managers to devote equal attention and resources in delivering the promise as well building a good image of the company.Since the service quality impacts the corporate image,an important takeaway for the managers is to ensure that the actual offer matches promises made externally.Most of the previous studies investigating the antecedents of customer loyalty have either focused on the interactive marketing dimension or the external marketing dimension.This study examines the interplay of both the dimension and its impact on customer loyalty.

Customer Relationship Management to Customer Value&Customer Loyalty of Fixed Broadband:Study Case on Fixed Broadband Company in Indonesia

The increase of fixed broadband penetration can increase a country’s economic growth.Indonesian fixed broadband usage density still lags far behind other countries.This condition becomes a great opportunity for operators in marketing fixed broadband products.The different offers and services of each fixed broadband operator in Indonesia will have an impact on the ease of acquiring and maintaining customer loyalty levels.The unstable number of subscribers(unsubscribing/switch to other operator)is increasing year by year.This condition can be caused by customer value perceived by the customer that is inferior because the management of customer relationship management is less good.The method used is descriptive and explanatory.The unit of analysis is the last customer of four broadband operators in Indonesia.Time horizon is cross-sectional,where the research is conducted simultaneously.The survey data are collected from questionnaires to fixed broadband subscribers and through focus group discussions and interviews with managers related to the object study.Data are analyzed descriptively and quantitatively and this research uses quantitative research design using Structural Equation Modeling(SEM).The findings show that the effect of customer relationship management on customer loyalty through customer value is significant.

Evidence of Member Hotel Programs Boosting Loyalty

This study extends previous research on tourists＇ loyalty by measuring the duel dimensions of loyalty toward a destination resort - attitudinal and behavioral. A satisfaction-loyalty model was tested using an online survey and the resort＇s reservation database. Customers＇ satisfaction with the value for their money and their overall satisfaction ratings were found to be significant predictors of attitudinal loyalty. Customers＇ satisfaction with room cleanliness and comfort was found to be a significant predictor of behavioral loyalty. Members of the hotel＇s loyalty program were found to have stronger ties between attitudinal loyalty and behavioral loyalty. Implications for management and future research are presented.

Relationship between Corporate Image and Customer Loyalty in the Mobile Telecommunication Market in Kenya

Customer loyalty is considered to be a key ingredient in enhancing the survival of businesses especially in the situations faced by highly competitive industries. This study assessed the relationship between corporate image and customer loyalty. While the antecedents of customer loyalty connected with the marketing mix factors have been well investigated, much still remains to be studied regarding some of the intermediate conditions created by the marketing mix factors and customer loyalty. This study sought to investigate the relationship between the dimensions of corporate image and customer loyalty in the mobile telecommunication market in Kenya. The study was guided by several hypotheses that tested the nature of the relationship between corporate image and customer loyalty using four dimensions of corporate image, namely service quality, chief executive officer （CEO） reputation, brand image, and physical evidence. The study adopted the descriptive survey research design and used a multi-stage stratified sampling technique to target 320 respondents from among students across campuses of Kenyatta University （KU）. Primary data was obtained using a structured five-point Likert scale questionnaire and analyzed using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient and regression analysis to test the degree of association between the dependent and the independent variables. The study registered a high response rate of 97.8% from the target respondents. The findings of the study based on the correlation analysis indicated that the four dimensions of corporate image positively correlate with customer loyalty at p 〈 0.01. The regression analysis results however showed that even though the four dimensions correlate with customer loyalty, only service quality and brand image significantly predict customer loyalty. The regression model used explained 25% variation in the dependent variable. The null hypotheses one and four were supported while hypotheses two and three were not. The study concluded that of the four dimensions of corporate image, brand image and service quality predict customer loyalty within the Kenyan mobile telecommunication sector. The study suggests that future research undertakes integrate aspects of quality management into the dimensions of corporate image in order to predict variations in customer loyalty.

Identity and Loyalty： Catch-22 and The English Patient1

The films Catch-22 （1970） and The English Patient （1996） are based on literary novels, and set in the specific time and place of World War II Italy. Each work uses the topic of the war to raise the issues of identity and loyalty that loom large during wartime, when nations place huge demands on their people. Both works explore these issues as relevant to their own time. In the 1960s, Catch-22 elevates loyalty to self as a value and challenges the dehumanizing conformity demanded by the bureaucratic states of the postwar world. Twenty-six years later, The English Patient honors loyalty to people rather than to nations. Both movies end in hope, with Yossarian＇s escape in Catch-22, and the end to the European war in The English Patient. This paper argues that Michael Ondaatje＇s novel, The English Patient, goes beyond the issues of identity and loyalty and the hopeful Hollywood ending as seen in the movies. By giving Kip＇s and Hana＇s points of view, which were not shown in the film--the view of a brown man in a world controlled by whites and of a woman who understands the horrors of the atomic bomb--Ondaatje offers the possibilities of a new sense of identity and loyalty, one more in tune with issues of a post-colonial 21 st century world

Do Satisfaction and Loyalty Have a Linear Relationship？ Effect of the Education Level on Arts Participation

This paper aims to explore the relationship between perceived satisfaction and loyalty of Spanish arts participants. Evidence suggests that customer satisfaction plays a key role in an organization＇s ability to maintain a relationship with its customers. We examined the link between satisfaction and loyalty within a theoretical framework based on an empirical study in which data from more than 14,000 respondents were obtained. This data allowed us to evaluate the arts consumer from an attitudinal and behavioral perspective looking at their interests, satisfaction level, frequency of attendance, and compare it using the participant＇s education level. A descriptive statistical analysis using ANOVA （analysis of variance）, correlation, partial correlation, and multiple regression provided evidence that, in the context of experiencing an arts show, satisfaction does not have any impact on loyalty but education level plays a significant role in people＇s interest and loyalty.

Correlating Customer Satisfaction and Customer Loyalty:The Case of International Tourists in Cretan Resort Hotels

Customer satisfaction and customer loyalty are considered as a confirmation of remarkable service provision towards the customers.The formation of both constructs is viewed as a vital element which leads to the reinforcement of competitive advantage for the hotels.Various academic viewpoints are available concerning the constructs of customer satisfaction and loyalty;nevertheless,most of them indicate an opposition towards their correlation.The aim of this research was to investigate the factors that reinforce the satisfaction and loyalty levels of resort tourists and identify whether or not the two constructs are interrelated.A quantitative research methodology was applied,with the use of close-ended paper questionnaires,which were administered to international tourists staying in resort hotels in the Municipality of Hersonissos,one of the most popular tourist destinations in northern Crete.Findings confirmed a positive correlation between customer satisfaction and customer loyalty.Data also showed that food and beverage quality,location and price are considered as the most significant factors that enhance satisfaction levels,whereas emotional experiences,loyalty programs,customer service quality,and customer satisfaction were identified to have a significant impact on the formation of customer loyalty.

On the Tarmac of Nationhood： Dismantling Caste and Tribal Loyalty in Aravind Adiga＇s The White Tiger and Shadrach Ambanasom＇s Son of the Native Soil

The White Tiger is Aravind Adiga＇s first novel just like Son of the Native Soil which is Shadrach Ambanasom＇s first oeuvre. The two novels address two major social concerns （the caste system and tribal loyalty） that impair national cohesion in India and Cameroon respectively. Briefly speaking, the caste refers to the classification of peoples in India （and other South Asian countries） into in-marrying hereditary social classes of the privileged and the underprivileged while tribal loyalty refers to selfish attachment to a tribe or clan to the detriment of community or national feeling. The two concepts are related in the sense that the word ＂caste＂ derives from the Spanish or Portuguese ＂casta＂ meaning race, lineage, breed or clan. In both cases therefore, the issues of sectionalism, division, discrimination, selfishness, marginalization, and hegemony （amongst others） are at play--issues that impede the notion of nationhood. Read principally from the Marxist perspective of power dynamics and class struggle, the paper argues that Adiga and Ambanasom through skillful manipulation of symbols, time, characters and events, try to imagine the deconstruction of caste and ethnic loyalty in India and Cameroon respectively, which to the two authors, are only historically and socially erected edifices rather than natural order. For the two authors, although global forces may seem to play in favor of a more equitable human society, a necessarily violent revolution might be required to dismantle a blighted body politico-modus operandi that has operated in the people＇s psyche for a long time, as characters and events in the two novels reveal.