A case study was conducted in beech forests of northern Iran to determine the effect of the created gaps on some soil properties in beech stand. Changes of soil properties in small （60-150 mE）, medium （151-241 mE）...A case study was conducted in beech forests of northern Iran to determine the effect of the created gaps on some soil properties in beech stand. Changes of soil properties in small （60-150 mE）, medium （151-241 mE）, large （242-332 m^2） and very large （333-550 m^2） gaps, as well as under closed stands were studied eight years after-the gap creation. Soil samples were taken from three depths, 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm. The gaps were different from their around undisturbed stands in terms of the following soil parameters： Mg^＋2 concentration of 0-10 cm at medium gap size, bulk density of 10-20 cm at very large gap size as well as K^＋ and Ca^＋2 concentrations at 20-30 cm at small and large gap sizes, respectively. Furthermore, the size of the gaps had no effect on soil characteristics through the whole profile. Water saturation percent （Sp %） at 0-10cm as well as P and Mg^＋2 at 20--30 cm was different amongst undisturbed stands around different gap sizes. The center and the edges of the gap were different only in terms of organic carbon at the depth of 10-20 cm. Significant differences were observed between gaps and closed canopy regarding P and Ca^＋2 at depth 0--10 cm and 10-20 cm, respectively. It can be concluded that applied silvicultural system for harvesting trees which created these gaps might be suitable for conservation and forest management in the region.展开更多
This paper presents the role of tectonic and karstic processes in the formation and evolution of Barm Firuz Lake within the Zagros Mountains of Iran. This lake with elevation of 3 340 m from sea level is located in th...This paper presents the role of tectonic and karstic processes in the formation and evolution of Barm Firuz Lake within the Zagros Mountains of Iran. This lake with elevation of 3 340 m from sea level is located in the crest of the Barm Firuz anticline. Results show that the structural evolution of the Barme Firuz Lake is related to both tectonic and karst processes. Therefore the term of tectonokarstic has been used for structural evolution of the lake. Structural studies especially on the stylolite structures revealed the occurrence of an important component of simple shear deformation in the study area. Based on structural and karstic evidence around the lake, the fault-dissolution sink model with oblique pure shear component is suggested as kinematic model of the Barm Firuz Lake evolution in the Zagros Mountains of Iran.展开更多
文摘A case study was conducted in beech forests of northern Iran to determine the effect of the created gaps on some soil properties in beech stand. Changes of soil properties in small （60-150 mE）, medium （151-241 mE）, large （242-332 m^2） and very large （333-550 m^2） gaps, as well as under closed stands were studied eight years after-the gap creation. Soil samples were taken from three depths, 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm. The gaps were different from their around undisturbed stands in terms of the following soil parameters： Mg^＋2 concentration of 0-10 cm at medium gap size, bulk density of 10-20 cm at very large gap size as well as K^＋ and Ca^＋2 concentrations at 20-30 cm at small and large gap sizes, respectively. Furthermore, the size of the gaps had no effect on soil characteristics through the whole profile. Water saturation percent （Sp %） at 0-10cm as well as P and Mg^＋2 at 20--30 cm was different amongst undisturbed stands around different gap sizes. The center and the edges of the gap were different only in terms of organic carbon at the depth of 10-20 cm. Significant differences were observed between gaps and closed canopy regarding P and Ca^＋2 at depth 0--10 cm and 10-20 cm, respectively. It can be concluded that applied silvicultural system for harvesting trees which created these gaps might be suitable for conservation and forest management in the region.
文摘This paper presents the role of tectonic and karstic processes in the formation and evolution of Barm Firuz Lake within the Zagros Mountains of Iran. This lake with elevation of 3 340 m from sea level is located in the crest of the Barm Firuz anticline. Results show that the structural evolution of the Barme Firuz Lake is related to both tectonic and karst processes. Therefore the term of tectonokarstic has been used for structural evolution of the lake. Structural studies especially on the stylolite structures revealed the occurrence of an important component of simple shear deformation in the study area. Based on structural and karstic evidence around the lake, the fault-dissolution sink model with oblique pure shear component is suggested as kinematic model of the Barm Firuz Lake evolution in the Zagros Mountains of Iran.
