Adaptive Robust Motion Trajectory Tracking Control of Pneumatic Cylinders with LuGre Model-based Friction Compensation

Friction compensation is particularly important for motion trajectory tracking control of pneumatic cylinders at low speed movement. However, most of the existing model-based friction compensation schemes use simple classical models, which are not enough to address applications with high-accuracy position requirements. Furthermore, the friction force in the cylinder is time-varying, and there exist rather severe unmodelled dynamics and unknown disturbances in the pneumatic system. To deal with these problems effectively, an adaptive robust controller with LuGre model-based dynamic friction compensation is constructed. The proposed controller employs on-line recursive least squares estimation（RLSE） to reduce the extent of parametric uncertainties, and utilizes the sliding mode control method to attenuate the effects of parameter estimation errors, unmodelled dynamics and disturbances. In addition, in order to realize LuGre model-based friction compensation, the modified dual-observer structure for estimating immeasurable friction internal state is developed. Therefore, a prescribed motion tracking transient performance and final tracking accuracy can be guaranteed. Since the system model uncertainties are unmatched, the recursive backstepping design technology is applied. In order to solve the conflicts between the sliding mode control design and the adaptive control design, the projection mapping is used to condition the RLSE algorithm so that the parameter estimates are kept within a known bounded convex set. Finally, the proposed controller is tested for tracking sinusoidal trajectories and smooth square trajectory under different loads and sudden disturbance. The testing results demonstrate that the achievable performance of the proposed controller is excellent and is much better than most other studies in literature. Especially when a 0.5 Hz sinusoidal trajectory is tracked, the maximum tracking error is 0.96 mm and the average tracking error is 0.45 mm. This paper constructs an adaptive robust controller which can compensate the friction force in the cylinder.

Adaptive robust control for electrical cylinder with friction compensation usingmodified LuGre model

The position tracking control problem of an electrical cylinder in the presence of dynamic friction nonlinearities in its transmission process is addressed in this paper. First, a torque decou- piing approach is proposed to formulate the dynamic model. Secondly, to compensate the friction in the case of servo motion, a modified LuGre model is designed to make a continuous transition be- tween a static model at a high speed and a LuGre model at a low speed to avoid instability due to dis- cretization with a finite sampling rate. To accelerate the speed of estimating time-varying parame- ters, a fast adaption law is proposed by designing an attraction domain around a rough value related to the load force. Finally, a discontinuous projection based adaptive robust controller is synthesized to effectively handle parametric uncertainties for ensuring a guaranteed robust performance. A Lya- punov stability analysis demonstrates that all signals including tracking errors have the guaranteed convergent and bounded performance. Extensive comparative simulations with sinusoidal and point- point tracks are obtained respectively in low and high speeds. The results show the effectiveness and the achievable control performance of the proposed control strategy.

Adaptive high precision position control of servo actuator with friction compensation using LuGre model

Adaptive control of servo actuator with nonlinear friction compensation is addressed. LuGre dynamic friction model is adopted to characterize the nonlinear friction and a new kind of slid ing mode observer is designed to estimate the internal immeasurable state of LuGre model. Based on the estimated friction state, adaptive laws are designed to identify the unknown model parameters and the external disturbances, and the system stability and asymptotic trajectory tracking perform ance are guaranteed by Lyapunov function. The position tracking performance is verified by the ex perimental results.

Pre-compensation of Friction for CNC Machine Tools through Constructing a Nonlinear Model Predictive Scheme

Nonlinear friction is a dominant factor afecting the control accuracy of CNC machine tools.This paper proposes a friction pre-compensation method for CNC machine tools through constructing a nonlinear model predictive scheme.The nonlinear friction-induced tracking error is frstly modeled and then utilized to establish the nonlinear model predictive scheme,which is subsequently used to optimize the compensation signal by treating the friction-induced tracking error as the optimization objective.During the optimization procedure,the derivative of compensation signal is constrained to avoid vibration of machine tools.In contrast to other existing approaches,the proposed method only needs the parameters of Stribeck friction model and an additional tuning parameter,while fnely identifying the parameters related to the pre-sliding phenomenon is not required.As a result,it greatly facilitates the practical applicability.Both air cutting and real cutting experiments conducted on an in-house developed open-architecture CNC machine tool prove that the proposed method can reduce the tracking errors by more than 56%,and reduce the contour errors by more than 50%.

基于LuGre摩擦模型参数辨识与误差补偿方法的综述

文章对机械系统中LuGre摩擦模型的参数辨识与误差补偿方法进行了文献综述,并从参数辨识和误差补偿两个方面对该模型的应用进行了探讨。首先,介绍了LuGre摩擦模型的基本原理和数学表达式。其次,概述了常见的LuGre摩擦模型参数辨识方法。然后,讨论了LuGre模型的误差补偿方法。最后,指出了未来研究的发展方向。通过对LuGre模型参数辨识与误差补偿方法的综述,可为相关领域的研究者提供参考和启示,有助于进一步推进摩擦补偿技术的发展和应用。

改进LuGre模型的挖掘机器人摩擦补偿控制

非线性摩擦会降低挖掘机器人电液伺服系统的动静态性能,引起轨迹爬行、平峰和稳态误差等现象。经典LuGre摩擦模型仅与速度有关,内部鬃毛状态变量无法准确测量,无法全面描述复杂的挖掘机器人电液伺服系统摩擦特性。本文综合考虑电液伺服系统位置、速度和方向等信息,设计了一种改进的LuGre摩擦模型,同时引入速度阈值解决了弹性鬃毛平均变形状态观测器不稳定问题。其次,为了解决传统优化算法陷入局部最优解、收敛速度慢等问题,通过引入惯性权重、异步变化和精英突变操作改进基本粒子群优化算法,以精准快速辨识出改进LuGre摩擦模型中的6个未知参数。最后,结合辨识出的摩擦模型,基于结构不变性原理设计前馈摩擦补偿控制器,并在23吨挖掘机器人进行了正弦和三角波不同工况下的轨迹跟踪实验。实验结果表明,传统的比例积分微分控制器跟踪误差最大,三角轨迹最大跟踪误差达到了29.68 mm,基于改进LuGre模型设计的前馈摩擦补偿控制器仅为9.70 mm,误差减小了67.31%,基于改进LuGre模型设计的前馈摩擦补偿控制器可以有效提升挖掘机器人的轨迹跟踪精度。

Hybrid Adaptive Compensation Control Scheme for High-Precision Servo System

In this paper,a hybrid adaptive compensation control scheme is proposed to compensate the friction occurrence and other nonlinear disturbance factors that exist in the high-precision servo system.An adaptive compensation controller with a dual-observer structure is designed,while the LuGre dynamic friction model with non-uniform parametric uncertainties characterizes the friction torque.Considering the influence of the periodic disturbance torque and parametric uncertainties,fuzzy systems and a robust term are employed.In this way,the whole system can be treated as a simple linear model after being compensated,then the proportional-derivative (PD) control law is applied to enhancing the control performance.On the basis of Lyapunov stability theory,the global stability and the asymptotic convergence of the tracking error are proved.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme has potentials to restrain the impact of disturbance and improving the tracking performance.

Control algorithm for vehicle height adjustable system of hydro-pneumatic suspension based on LuGre model

In order to control the vehicle body position precisely,1/4 nonlinear mathematical model of hydro-pneumatic suspension is established,and the influence of the frictional force in a hydraulic cylinder is analyzed.The friction characteristics are described based on the LuGre model when the piston of a hydraulic actuator is operated at a low speed.Due to the fact parameters of the friction model are effected by the system condition,an adaptive friction compensation（AFC）controller is designed through the Backstepping method,and a dual-observer has been implemented to estimate the friction state.The global asymptotic convergence of a closed-loop system is proven by the Lyapunov theorem.The simulation results show that the positional accuracy of the adaptive friction compensation yiedls a significant improvement in the vehicle height adjustment as compared to the PID control,demonstrating the effectiveness of the adaptive fiction compensation method in the vehicle height adjustable system of the hydro-pneumatic suspension.

双阀气动伺服系统的LuGre摩擦模型补偿研究

由于摩擦会引起气动位置伺服系统的动态滞后,尤其是气缸活塞在换向过程中容易产生"平顶"现象,因此需要对气动系统进行摩擦补偿。但是由于气动系统本身的参数不确定性和强非线性会影响摩擦补偿的效果,同时气缸两腔耦合与流量饱和会导致控制系统的自由度不高且能量损失较大。针对以上问题,文中采用表征摩擦动态特性良好的LuGre模型来描述气缸摩擦并提出了一种自适应鲁棒控制器进行摩擦补偿,控制器的自适应部分用于控制参数不确定性,鲁棒控制部分用来处理系统的非线性。同时采用两个三位四通比例阀来提高控制自由度并降低能量耗散。仿真结果表明:该补偿策略有效改善了摩擦带来的动态滞后,提高了系统的响应速度与跟踪精度。

Prestiction friction compensation in direct-drive mechatronics systems

LuGre model has been widely used in friction modeling and compensation.However,the new friction regime,named prestiction regime,cannot be accurately characterized by LuGre model in the latest research.With the extensive experimental observations of friction behaviors in the prestiction,some variables were abstracted to depict the rules in the prestiction regime.Based upon the knowledge of friction modeling,a novel friction model including the presliding regime,the gross sliding regime and the prestiction regime was then presented to overcome the shortcomings of the LuGre model.The reason that LuGre model cannot estimate the prestiction friction was analyzed in theory.Feasibility analysis of the proposed model in modeling the prestiction friction was also addressed.A parameter identification method for the proposed model based on multilevel coordinate search algorithm was presented.The proposed friction compensation strategy was composed of a nonlinear friction observer and a feedforward mechanism.The friction observer was designed to estimate the friction force in the presliding and the gross sliding regimes.And the friction force was estimated based on the model in the prestiction regime.The comparative trajectory tracking experiments were conducted on a simulator of inertially stabilization platforms among three control schemes:the single proportional–derivative(PD)control,the PD with LuGre model-based compensation and the PD with compensator based on the presented model.The experimental results reveal that the control scheme based on the proposed model has the best tracking performance.It reduces the peak-to-peak value(PPV)of tracking error to 0.2 mrad,which is improved almost 50%compared with the PD with LuGre model-based compensation.Compared to the single PD control,it reduces the PPV of error by 66.7%.

Dynamic Friction Control Using Dynamic Structured RFNN and Friction Parameter Estimator

A nonlinear dynamic friction control is dealt with using dynamic friction observer and intelligent cantrol. The adaptive dynamic friction obsrver based on the LuGre friction is proposed to estimate the friction parameters and a directly friction state variable The dynamic structured Fuzzy Neural Network （RFNN） is designed to give additional robustness to the cantrol system under the presence of the friction model uncertainty. A proposed composite cantrol scheme is applied to the position tracking control of the servo systen. The performances of the proposed friction observer and the friction controller are demonstrated by simulation.

基于动态理论模型的电液伺服加载前馈补偿复合控制系统

针对一般电液伺服系统存在的非预期负载扰动和非线性干扰等问题,为了提高系统的自适应能力和动态响应的品质,减小系统跟踪和输出响应的误差,提出了一种基于动态理论模型的电液伺服加载前馈补偿复合控制方法。首先,阐释了电液伺服试验台的结构组成及其数学模型,分析了系统力矩控制和位置控制的结构关系;然后,论证了自适应前馈补偿复合控制的伺服原理,阐述了以调速理论模型和实际模型的误差函数作为调速依据的前馈补偿和复合控制的原理和方法;最后,进行了系统仿真,同时为了验证基于动态理论模型的自适应前馈补偿复合控制策略的合理性和有效性,对伺服系统进行了加载试验。研究结果表明:采用该复合控制策略可以精确算出对伺服马达进行转速补偿的基准值和调整参数,系统动态响应速度比采用传统闭环控制算法提高了8%以上;系统控制器自适应能力和抗扰动性能也明显优于采用传统PI闭环控制及模糊PI闭环控制算法的系统;通过对比分析0.2 Hz和0.5 Hz的正弦响应曲线可知,该系统的位置跟踪曲线性能最优,控制精度最高,实际输出值的误差也最小。

液压机械臂驱动关节的非线性摩擦力自适应补偿控制

液压机械臂在重载任务中至关重要,但在精细化作业中却普遍存在“力量够大、精细不足”的问题。无论采用全自主还是半自主的作业方式,精密运动控制都是实现精细作业的首要基础。液压机械臂多采用液压缸直动推动关节转动的非线性驱动关节构型,摩擦分别来自液压缸和转动轴,但现研究大多忽略直动摩擦而仅考虑转动摩擦,因而运动控制中的摩擦补偿不到位。建立了面向模型补偿控制的液压机械臂非线性驱动关节动力学模型,全面考虑液压缸和转动轴的摩擦特性,进而提出摩擦补偿控制方法。结合基于最小二乘的在线参数自适应律,设计了直接/间接自适应鲁棒控制器。最后开展多组仿真对比,验证所提控制方法对液压机械臂驱动关节控制精度的提升效果。

基于LuGre模型的自适应摩擦补偿

为提高开放式伺服系统的动态性能,使其具有良好的适应能力,提出一种基于LuGre模型的自适应摩擦补偿方法。建立开放式伺服系统的动力学模型,并通过LuGre模型来描述系统的摩擦特性。考虑到摩擦模型的参数会随系统变化而发生改变,采用Backstepping方法设计自适应摩擦补偿控制器,并采用Lyapunov定理证明系统的全局渐进稳定性。通过可编程多轴控制器(Programmable multi-axis controller,PMAC)编写伺服算法实现该自适应摩擦补偿方案,并通过试验验证该方案的有效性。试验结果表明:与传统的速度加速前馈补偿相比,该自适应摩擦补偿方案在正弦运动作为输入信号时,其跟踪误差由±40μm降低到±7μm。采用该补偿方案能有效地抑制摩擦干扰对伺服系统的不利影响,为提高伺服系统的动态跟踪性能奠定基础。

光电跟踪系统非均匀受力摩擦补偿研究

为了解决光电跟踪系统中摩擦扰动问题、进一步提高视轴稳定精度,采用了LuGre模型和终端滑模观测器(TSMO)融合的补偿方法(LuGre-TSMO),即在LuGre模型的基础上设计一种基于新型趋近率的终端滑模观测器,实现对系统摩擦的2次补偿。结果表明,相比于未补偿情况,LuGre-TSMO方法的速度跟踪均方根误差平均下降了65.38%,有效提高了实验平台视轴稳定精度;相比于LuGre模型方法和终端滑模观测器方法,LuGre-TSMO方法摩擦补偿效果最好。该方法在光电跟踪系统中是可行且有效的。

基于分数阶自适应神经网络的电动舵机伺服系统摩擦干扰补偿控制

摩擦干扰力矩影响电动舵机伺服系统的跟踪性能,造成位置和速度跟踪偏差,甚至可能导致伺服系统不稳定。针对摩擦力矩干扰下的电动舵机伺服系统跟踪性能差的问题,本文提出了一种分数阶自适应神经网络摩擦补偿算法(FOANN),估计并补偿摩擦干扰力矩。首先,建立基于LuGre模型的电动舵机伺服系统模型,利用径向基神经网络估计模型中的不可测状态变量。其次,设计FOANN摩擦补偿控制器,利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论证明电动舵机闭环系统的稳定性。最后,利用仿真和实验平台,对比分析了FOANN、传统PD控制和模型自适应控制的性能。结果表明,基于本文所提出的FOANN摩擦力矩补偿控制算法,电动舵机伺服系统的位置跟踪误差和速度跟踪误差均大幅减小,FOANN算法能够有效估计并补偿摩擦力矩,降低摩擦干扰对电机舵机伺服系统的影响,提高伺服系统的动态性能。

LuGre摩擦模型对伺服系统的影响与补偿

摩擦是影响伺服系统性能的一个主要因素.为了研究摩擦的影响与补偿,本文首先建立了基于动态LuGre摩擦的机电伺服系统模型.根据LuGre模型,构造了一个非线性观测器来估计摩擦力矩.然后,积分反步自适应控制算法被设计从而实现了摩擦补偿和负载扰动估计,并使用Lyapunov函数证明了闭环系统的稳定性.仿真结果表明:LuGre摩擦会对伺服系统产生极限环振荡以及低速爬行的影响,并且提出的补偿方法能够降低摩擦对伺服系统性能的影响以及提高了系统的跟踪精度和鲁棒性.

基于LuGre模型实现精密伺服转台摩擦参数辨识及补偿

为降低摩擦对光学精密伺服转台速度跟踪精度的影响,提出了基于LuGre模型的转台摩擦参数辨识和补偿方法。首先,分析转台在自由减速过程中的速度过零现象,采用遗传算法拟合减速曲线从而获得转台摩擦参数和转动惯量;然后,通过仿真实验验证辨识方法;最后,利用辨识得到的参数计算摩擦补偿并叠加到转台速度伺服系统。实际实验系统的数据更新率达1kHz,已实现了速度-电流双闭环控制。实际拟合实验中,拟合与实测速度曲线的误差均方差为2.9×10-3rad/s;速度跟踪实验中,对于幅值为0.032 4rad/s,频率为0.5Hz的给定正弦信号,摩擦补偿消除了波形失真,系统速度跟踪误差的均方差减少27%。实验表明,用该方法测量转台摩擦参数精确度高,基于辨识参数的摩擦补偿可提高光学伺服转台低速低频段的速度跟踪精度。

基于改进型LuGre模型的自适应滑模摩擦补偿方法

为建立具有良好动态性能的开放式伺服系统,针对自适应摩擦补偿对未知建模误差和扰动抑制能力较弱的问题,提出了一种基于修正黏性摩擦Lu Gre模型的自适应滑模摩擦补偿方法.建立开放式伺服系统的动力学方程,并结合修正黏性摩擦Lu Gre模型,提出伺服系统的状态方程.根据反演设计的思想,设计自适应滑模摩擦控制器以及相应的自适应律和切换函数,并分析了其全局渐进稳定性.通过可编程多轴控制器(PMAC)实现了该补偿控制方案在开放式伺服平台的应用,并通过实验验证了其有效性.实验结果表明:与自适应摩擦补偿相比,该自适应滑模摩擦补偿方案在输入信号为正弦信号时,伺服系统的跟踪误差由±6.9,μm降低到±4.1,μm.采用该补偿方案可有效地抑制摩擦及其他不确定干扰对伺服系统的不利影响,进一步提高伺服系统的跟踪性能.

修正黏性摩擦的LuGre模型的摩擦补偿

为提高高速条件下开放式伺服系统的动态性能,对传统LuGre摩擦模型的黏性摩擦进行了修正,并提出一种以修正模型为基础的摩擦前馈补偿方案.根据速度较高时,摩擦力矩随速度增加其增长趋势减缓的现象,建立了LuGre修正模型;分别对传统模型和修正模型进行参数辨识,利用2种辨识后的模型分别进行摩擦前馈补偿,分析其补偿效果.实验结果表明:修正模型对系统摩擦力矩的最大估计误差为0.0017N.m,优于传统模型的0.023N.m;与基于传统模型的摩擦补偿相比,基于修正模型的摩擦补偿时,系统稳态误差得到进一步的控制,加速运动时由±9μm降低到±5μm,正弦运动时由±12.5μm降低到±8μm.采用该补偿方案可有效地抑制摩擦干扰对伺服系统的不利影响,提高伺服系统的跟踪性能.