Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a public health problem. It is due to multi-resistant bacteria (MRB). The objective of this study was to determine bacterial resistance to antibiotics in chronic renal failure at...Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a public health problem. It is due to multi-resistant bacteria (MRB). The objective of this study was to determine bacterial resistance to antibiotics in chronic renal failure at the Edith Lucie BONGO ONDIMBA general hospital (HGELBO). Patients, material and method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted from January 1 to August 31, 2019 at the HGELBO. It concerned all patients admitted to the HGELBO with positive bacteriological samples. After a study of the sensitivity to isolated species, the patients were divided into two (02) groups: those MRB positive (+) and not MRB or negative (-). Epi Info software version 3.5.1 was used for the calculation of the rates and the comparison of the variables. The adjusted odds ratio (ORa) with a 95% confidence interval was used to measure the specific effect of each risk factor such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes, in order to rule out confounding factors. Multivariate analysis by binomial logistic regression was used. Results: There were 375 bacteriological samples from 258 patients, among them 247 patients with 235 positive samples or 63%. The eleven (11) are healthy patients. The median age was 33 with extremes ranging from 16 to 90. The female sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 0.6. The majority of MRB+ cases were found in internal medicine and nephrology with 12 cases (38.7%) and hemodialysis with 4 cases (12.9%). Urinary samples were in the majority with 74.5%. <i>Escherichia coli</i> was predominant in 30.3%. After studying the sensitivity to antibiotics of the 247 species included, 113 were MRB+ and 134 BMR- <i>i.e.</i> a frequency of 45.7%. Methicilin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) was predominant (51.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factor was antibiotic use (0Ra: 3.2 [1.9 - 5.4];p-value < 0.01). Chronic renal failure and diabetes were not risk factors for carriage. The other risk factors identified were: hospitalization of more than 7 days (prolonged), <i>S. aureus</i> infection and male sex. Conclusion: Probabilistic antibiotic therapy leads to the selection of BMRs. Long hospital stays, male sex, and MRSA are risk factors or determinants of antibiotic resistance, but not chronic kidney disease.展开更多
提出了一种基于加速正则化Richardson-Lucy(RL)算法的大气湍流退化图像盲复原方法(AccRLTV-IBD)。在总变分(TV)正则化RL算法的基础上,引入二阶矢量外推加速技术对其进行加速,形成加速正则化RL(AccRLTV)算法,并将该算法应用到迭代盲目反...提出了一种基于加速正则化Richardson-Lucy(RL)算法的大气湍流退化图像盲复原方法(AccRLTV-IBD)。在总变分(TV)正则化RL算法的基础上,引入二阶矢量外推加速技术对其进行加速,形成加速正则化RL(AccRLTV)算法,并将该算法应用到迭代盲目反卷积(IBD)算法中。使用长曝光大气湍流光学传递函数(OTF)的物理模型或根据图像来获取初始的点扩散函数(PSF),在灰度平均梯度(gray mean grads,GMG)的基础上定义了一个相对灰度平均梯度(relative gray mean grads,RGMG)参数作为无参考图像复原质量的评价标准.模拟图像和实际湍流退化图像复原结果表明,基于RL的IBD算法要优于基于Wiener滤波的IBD算法,并且与RL-IBD算法相比,AccRLTV-IBD收敛速度更快,复原效果更好。展开更多
As one of the most influential American poets in the 20th century,John Ashbery is noted for the originality,elegance,and obscurity of his poetry.Some of his most succinct ideas on"Ars Poetica",i.e.,the art o...As one of the most influential American poets in the 20th century,John Ashbery is noted for the originality,elegance,and obscurity of his poetry.Some of his most succinct ideas on"Ars Poetica",i.e.,the art of poetry,can be found in his poems on poetry.In“What’s poetry”and“And Ut Pictura Poesis Is Her Name”,Ashbery probes the true nature of poetry and provides or enacts dif⁃ferent but equally illuminating answers.Ashberyan surrealist style is also echoed in contemporary American poems written respec⁃tively by Lucy Ives and Sandra Simonds,which show a family resemblance to Ashbery in their similar use of surrealist epiphany.展开更多
Lucie was full of love in that period in which The French Revolution was happening. In that cold-blooded era which was lack of positive energy, Lucie used her own warm heart to influence others, to let other people st...Lucie was full of love in that period in which The French Revolution was happening. In that cold-blooded era which was lack of positive energy, Lucie used her own warm heart to influence others, to let other people strongly feel that there were love, kindness and humanity still existing in their society. Lucie was such a kind and loving person. Her relationship with three important characters and many things happening among them were vividly presented in A Tale of Two Cities. To a large extent, as the main female character, Lucie was different from Madame Defarge. Madame Defarge was full of hatred and revenge. She was just aware of the harm that others had had taken to her relatives and kept it in mind firmly, rather than melt it into haze. By contrast, Lucie would transform her hatred into love.展开更多
文摘Introduction: Antibiotic resistance is a public health problem. It is due to multi-resistant bacteria (MRB). The objective of this study was to determine bacterial resistance to antibiotics in chronic renal failure at the Edith Lucie BONGO ONDIMBA general hospital (HGELBO). Patients, material and method: This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted from January 1 to August 31, 2019 at the HGELBO. It concerned all patients admitted to the HGELBO with positive bacteriological samples. After a study of the sensitivity to isolated species, the patients were divided into two (02) groups: those MRB positive (+) and not MRB or negative (-). Epi Info software version 3.5.1 was used for the calculation of the rates and the comparison of the variables. The adjusted odds ratio (ORa) with a 95% confidence interval was used to measure the specific effect of each risk factor such as chronic kidney disease and diabetes, in order to rule out confounding factors. Multivariate analysis by binomial logistic regression was used. Results: There were 375 bacteriological samples from 258 patients, among them 247 patients with 235 positive samples or 63%. The eleven (11) are healthy patients. The median age was 33 with extremes ranging from 16 to 90. The female sex was predominant with a sex ratio of 0.6. The majority of MRB+ cases were found in internal medicine and nephrology with 12 cases (38.7%) and hemodialysis with 4 cases (12.9%). Urinary samples were in the majority with 74.5%. <i>Escherichia coli</i> was predominant in 30.3%. After studying the sensitivity to antibiotics of the 247 species included, 113 were MRB+ and 134 BMR- <i>i.e.</i> a frequency of 45.7%. Methicilin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) was predominant (51.3%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factor was antibiotic use (0Ra: 3.2 [1.9 - 5.4];p-value < 0.01). Chronic renal failure and diabetes were not risk factors for carriage. The other risk factors identified were: hospitalization of more than 7 days (prolonged), <i>S. aureus</i> infection and male sex. Conclusion: Probabilistic antibiotic therapy leads to the selection of BMRs. Long hospital stays, male sex, and MRSA are risk factors or determinants of antibiotic resistance, but not chronic kidney disease.
文摘提出了一种基于加速正则化Richardson-Lucy(RL)算法的大气湍流退化图像盲复原方法(AccRLTV-IBD)。在总变分(TV)正则化RL算法的基础上,引入二阶矢量外推加速技术对其进行加速,形成加速正则化RL(AccRLTV)算法,并将该算法应用到迭代盲目反卷积(IBD)算法中。使用长曝光大气湍流光学传递函数(OTF)的物理模型或根据图像来获取初始的点扩散函数(PSF),在灰度平均梯度(gray mean grads,GMG)的基础上定义了一个相对灰度平均梯度(relative gray mean grads,RGMG)参数作为无参考图像复原质量的评价标准.模拟图像和实际湍流退化图像复原结果表明,基于RL的IBD算法要优于基于Wiener滤波的IBD算法,并且与RL-IBD算法相比,AccRLTV-IBD收敛速度更快,复原效果更好。
文摘As one of the most influential American poets in the 20th century,John Ashbery is noted for the originality,elegance,and obscurity of his poetry.Some of his most succinct ideas on"Ars Poetica",i.e.,the art of poetry,can be found in his poems on poetry.In“What’s poetry”and“And Ut Pictura Poesis Is Her Name”,Ashbery probes the true nature of poetry and provides or enacts dif⁃ferent but equally illuminating answers.Ashberyan surrealist style is also echoed in contemporary American poems written respec⁃tively by Lucy Ives and Sandra Simonds,which show a family resemblance to Ashbery in their similar use of surrealist epiphany.
文摘Lucie was full of love in that period in which The French Revolution was happening. In that cold-blooded era which was lack of positive energy, Lucie used her own warm heart to influence others, to let other people strongly feel that there were love, kindness and humanity still existing in their society. Lucie was such a kind and loving person. Her relationship with three important characters and many things happening among them were vividly presented in A Tale of Two Cities. To a large extent, as the main female character, Lucie was different from Madame Defarge. Madame Defarge was full of hatred and revenge. She was just aware of the harm that others had had taken to her relatives and kept it in mind firmly, rather than melt it into haze. By contrast, Lucie would transform her hatred into love.
