In 1917 D’Arcy Thompson observed that the pair of antlers of a red deer, a sambur or a wapiti Make up between them a single surface that is more or less spherical or occasionally an ellipsoidal surface. The palmated ...In 1917 D’Arcy Thompson observed that the pair of antlers of a red deer, a sambur or a wapiti Make up between them a single surface that is more or less spherical or occasionally an ellipsoidal surface. The palmated antlers of the moose are explored to provide an exam-ple of how antlers can be instrumental in lowering the threshold sensitivity of hearing.展开更多
BACKGROUND Cartilage defects are some of the most common causes of arthritis.Cartilage lesions caused by inflammation,trauma or degenerative disease normally result in osteochondral defects.Previous studies have shown...BACKGROUND Cartilage defects are some of the most common causes of arthritis.Cartilage lesions caused by inflammation,trauma or degenerative disease normally result in osteochondral defects.Previous studies have shown that decellularized extracellular matrix(ECM)derived from autologous,allogenic,or xenogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)can effectively restore osteochondral integrity.AIM To determine whether the decellularized ECM of antler reserve mesenchymal cells(RMCs),a xenogeneic material from antler stem cells,is superior to the currently available treatments for osteochondral defects.METHODS We isolated the RMCs from a 60-d-old sika deer antler and cultured them in vitro to 70%confluence;50 mg/mL L-ascorbic acid was then added to the medium to stimulate ECM deposition.Decellularized sheets of adipocyte-derived MSCs(aMSCs)and antlerogenic periosteal cells(another type of antler stem cells)were used as the controls.Three weeks after ascorbic acid stimulation,the ECM sheets were harvested and applied to the osteochondral defects in rat knee joints.RESULTS The defects were successfully repaired by applying the ECM-sheets.The highest quality of repair was achieved in the RMC-ECM group both in vitro(including cell attachment and proliferation),and in vivo(including the simultaneous regeneration of well-vascularized subchondral bone and avascular articular hyaline cartilage integrated with surrounding native tissues).Notably,the antler-stem-cell-derived ECM(xenogeneic)performed better than the aMSC-ECM(allogenic),while the ECM of the active antler stem cells was superior to that of the quiescent antler stem cells.CONCLUSION Decellularized xenogeneic ECM derived from the antler stem cell,particularly the active form(RMC-ECM),can achieve high quality repair/reconstruction of osteochondral defects,suggesting that selection of decellularized ECM for such repair should be focused more on bioactivity rather than kinship.展开更多
In recent years,there has been considerable exploration into methods aimed at enhancing the regenerative capacity of transplanted and/or tissue-resident cells.Biomaterials,in particular,have garnered significant inter...In recent years,there has been considerable exploration into methods aimed at enhancing the regenerative capacity of transplanted and/or tissue-resident cells.Biomaterials,in particular,have garnered significant interest for their potential to serve as natural scaffolds for cells.In this editorial,we provide commentary on the study by Wang et al,in a recently published issue of World J Stem Cells,which investigates the use of a decellularized xenogeneic extracellular matrix(ECM)derived from antler stem cells for repairing osteochondral defects in rat knee joints.Our focus lies specifically on the crucial role of biological scaffolds as a strategy for augmenting stem cell potential and regenerative capabilities,thanks to the establishment of a favorable microenvironment(niche).Stem cell differen-tiation heavily depends on exposure to intrinsic properties of the ECM,including its chemical and protein composition,as well as the mechanical forces it can generate.Collectively,these physicochemical cues contribute to a bio-instructive signaling environment that offers tissue-specific guidance for achieving effective repair and regeneration.The interest in mechanobiology,often conceptualized as a form of“structural memory”,is steadily gaining more validation and momen-tum,especially in light of findings such as these.展开更多
角是反刍动物有别于其他动物的明显特征(Wang et al.,2019)。与牛科动物、羊科动物的洞角不同,鹿角为实心骨质、可年度周期性脱落、其分枝和重量受到众多因素的影响,是鹿类保护、养殖、育种领域关注的焦点问题(Bowyer,1991)。幼鹿每增长...角是反刍动物有别于其他动物的明显特征(Wang et al.,2019)。与牛科动物、羊科动物的洞角不同,鹿角为实心骨质、可年度周期性脱落、其分枝和重量受到众多因素的影响,是鹿类保护、养殖、育种领域关注的焦点问题(Bowyer,1991)。幼鹿每增长1岁,角增加1个分枝;角直径和重量也随之增加(夏志强等,2023);同一年龄组同一个体的不同阶段,茸生长速度和重量增加也不相同(Hassanin et al.,2012;李春义,2017;夏志强等,2023);鹿茸软骨与机体其他软骨组织不同,内有血管(鲍加荣等,2008;Chen et al.,2019),可供给茸生长所需的营养(Clements et al.,2010;Lin et al.,2019);血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endotheli‐al growth factor,VEGF)的含量变化对鹿茸的生长速度、茸直径、分枝数、分枝方向及角重和形态发育有重要影响(Clark et al.,2006)。展开更多
文摘In 1917 D’Arcy Thompson observed that the pair of antlers of a red deer, a sambur or a wapiti Make up between them a single surface that is more or less spherical or occasionally an ellipsoidal surface. The palmated antlers of the moose are explored to provide an exam-ple of how antlers can be instrumental in lowering the threshold sensitivity of hearing.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.U20A20403This study was conducted in accordance with the Animal Ethics Committee of the Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology,Changchun Sci-Tech University(AEC No:CKARI202309).
文摘BACKGROUND Cartilage defects are some of the most common causes of arthritis.Cartilage lesions caused by inflammation,trauma or degenerative disease normally result in osteochondral defects.Previous studies have shown that decellularized extracellular matrix(ECM)derived from autologous,allogenic,or xenogeneic mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)can effectively restore osteochondral integrity.AIM To determine whether the decellularized ECM of antler reserve mesenchymal cells(RMCs),a xenogeneic material from antler stem cells,is superior to the currently available treatments for osteochondral defects.METHODS We isolated the RMCs from a 60-d-old sika deer antler and cultured them in vitro to 70%confluence;50 mg/mL L-ascorbic acid was then added to the medium to stimulate ECM deposition.Decellularized sheets of adipocyte-derived MSCs(aMSCs)and antlerogenic periosteal cells(another type of antler stem cells)were used as the controls.Three weeks after ascorbic acid stimulation,the ECM sheets were harvested and applied to the osteochondral defects in rat knee joints.RESULTS The defects were successfully repaired by applying the ECM-sheets.The highest quality of repair was achieved in the RMC-ECM group both in vitro(including cell attachment and proliferation),and in vivo(including the simultaneous regeneration of well-vascularized subchondral bone and avascular articular hyaline cartilage integrated with surrounding native tissues).Notably,the antler-stem-cell-derived ECM(xenogeneic)performed better than the aMSC-ECM(allogenic),while the ECM of the active antler stem cells was superior to that of the quiescent antler stem cells.CONCLUSION Decellularized xenogeneic ECM derived from the antler stem cell,particularly the active form(RMC-ECM),can achieve high quality repair/reconstruction of osteochondral defects,suggesting that selection of decellularized ECM for such repair should be focused more on bioactivity rather than kinship.
文摘In recent years,there has been considerable exploration into methods aimed at enhancing the regenerative capacity of transplanted and/or tissue-resident cells.Biomaterials,in particular,have garnered significant interest for their potential to serve as natural scaffolds for cells.In this editorial,we provide commentary on the study by Wang et al,in a recently published issue of World J Stem Cells,which investigates the use of a decellularized xenogeneic extracellular matrix(ECM)derived from antler stem cells for repairing osteochondral defects in rat knee joints.Our focus lies specifically on the crucial role of biological scaffolds as a strategy for augmenting stem cell potential and regenerative capabilities,thanks to the establishment of a favorable microenvironment(niche).Stem cell differen-tiation heavily depends on exposure to intrinsic properties of the ECM,including its chemical and protein composition,as well as the mechanical forces it can generate.Collectively,these physicochemical cues contribute to a bio-instructive signaling environment that offers tissue-specific guidance for achieving effective repair and regeneration.The interest in mechanobiology,often conceptualized as a form of“structural memory”,is steadily gaining more validation and momen-tum,especially in light of findings such as these.
文摘角是反刍动物有别于其他动物的明显特征(Wang et al.,2019)。与牛科动物、羊科动物的洞角不同,鹿角为实心骨质、可年度周期性脱落、其分枝和重量受到众多因素的影响,是鹿类保护、养殖、育种领域关注的焦点问题(Bowyer,1991)。幼鹿每增长1岁,角增加1个分枝;角直径和重量也随之增加(夏志强等,2023);同一年龄组同一个体的不同阶段,茸生长速度和重量增加也不相同(Hassanin et al.,2012;李春义,2017;夏志强等,2023);鹿茸软骨与机体其他软骨组织不同,内有血管(鲍加荣等,2008;Chen et al.,2019),可供给茸生长所需的营养(Clements et al.,2010;Lin et al.,2019);血管内皮生长因子(Vascular endotheli‐al growth factor,VEGF)的含量变化对鹿茸的生长速度、茸直径、分枝数、分枝方向及角重和形态发育有重要影响(Clark et al.,2006)。
