A Study on the Effect of Exercise Intervention on Function and Pain in Patients with Low Back Pain

Lower back pain(LBP)has a relatively high incidence across various age groups,characterized by discomfort in the lumbosacral and iliosacral regions above the gluteal striatum and within the region below the costal margins.Some patients also experience varying degrees of leg pain,with many experiencing prolonged and recurrent symptoms.International consensus confirms that exercise intervention is an effective treatment method for lower back pain,offering safe and efficient physical therapy.Extensive practical experience suggests that Pilates exercises can effectively regulate the strength of muscle tissue in the peripheral region of the spine,improve muscle endurance,and alleviate low back pain caused by muscular factors.This study analyzes the effects of exercise intervention on the function and pain of patients with lower back pain.It explores various exercise modalities,utilizes SPSS26 statistics to gather data,and draws conclusions with the aim of providing theoretical references for exercise interventions in patients with lower back pain.

Effects of respiratory muscle training on post-stroke rehabilitation:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Stroke often results in significant respiratory dysfunction in patients.Respiratory muscle training(RMT)has been proposed as a rehabilitative intervention to address these challenges,but its effectiveness compared to routine training remains debated.This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the effects of RMT on exercise tolerance,muscle strength,and pulmonary function in post-stroke patients.AIM To systematically assess the efficacy of RMT in improving exercise tolerance,respiratory muscle strength,and pulmonary function in patients recovering from a stroke,and to evaluate whether RMT offers a significant advantage over routine training modalities in enhancing these critical health outcomes in the post-stroke population.METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines,a comprehensive search across PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,and the Cochrane Library was conducted on October 19,2023,without temporal restrictions.Studies were selected based on the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria focusing on various forms of RMT,control groups,and outcome measures[including forced expiratory volume in the first second(FEV1),forced vital capacity(FVC),maximal voluntary ventilation(MVV),peak expiratory flow(PEF),maximal inspiratory pressure(MIP),maximal expiratory pressure(MEP),and 6-min walking test(6MWT)].Only randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included.Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers using the Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool.Statistical analyses,including those using the fixed-effect and random-effects models,sensitivity analysis,and publication bias assessment,were performed using Review Manager software.RESULTS A total of 15 RCTs were included.Results indicated significant improvements in MIP(12.51 cmH2O increase),MEP(6.24 cmH2O increase),and various pulmonary function parameters(including FEV1,FVC,MVV,and PEF).A substantial increase in 6MWT distance(22.26 meters)was also noted.However,the heterogeneity among studies was variable,and no significant publication bias was detected.CONCLUSION RMT significantly enhances walking ability,respiratory muscle strength(MIP and MEP),and key pulmonary function parameters(FEV1,FVC,MVV,and PEF)in post-stroke patients.These findings support the incorporation of RMT into post-stroke rehabilitative protocols.

Exercise as a modality to improve heart transplantation-related functional impairments: An article review

Heart transplantation(HT),the treatment choice of advanced heart failure pa-tients,is proven effective in increasing the survival and functional status of the recipients.However,compared to normal controls,functional status is lower in HT recipients.Exercise given in cardiac rehabilitation has been shown to improve exercise capacity as measured with peak oxygen uptake(VO2 peak)and muscle strength after completion of the program and cessation of exercise results in loss of exercise benefits.Several factors related to cardiac denervation and the use of immunosuppressive agents in HT recipients result in functional impairments including cardiovascular,pulmonary,exercise capacity,psychological,and qua-lity of life(QoL)problems.High-intensity interval training(HIIT)is the most common type of exercise used in HT recipients and given as a hospital-based program.Improvement of functional impairments was found to have occurred due to primarily musculoskeletal adaptations through improvement of muscle structure and aerobic capacity and cardiovascular adaptations.In general,exercise given after transplantation improved VO2 peak significantly and improvement was better in the HIIT group compared to moderate intensity continuous training or no-exercise groups.Improvement of QoL was ascribed to improve-ment of exercise capacity,symptoms,pulmonary function,physical capacity improve-ment,anxiety,and depression.

Effect of feedback health education on postoperative rehabilitation of patients with lumbar disc herniation: a cluster randomised trials

Aims and objective:A theoretical model based on guided postoperative rehabilitation with feedback was developed for patients with lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion to explore the effects of feedback-based health education.Patients were assessed in terms of disease knowledge,general self-efficacy,medical behaviour,and the Oswestry disability index(ODI).During postoperative rehabilitation,nursing staff provided health education regarding lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion.Design:The CONSORT 2010 statement extension for cluster randomized trials checklist(Campbell et al.,2012)was used to guide reporting outcomes(File S1).Methods:The methods were based on previous research on the feedback method of health education.A cluster randomized controlled trial design was used.From March 2019 to January 2020,patients who underwent spinal surgery at a first-class tertiary hospital were enrolled,and 76 met the inclusion criteria for lumbar disc disease(lumbar disc herniation,LDH).Patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group,with 38 patients in each group.Feedback-based health education was conducted for the experimental group,and routine health education was provided for the control group.Disease knowledge,general self-efficacy,compliance behaviour,and ODI scores were compared between the two groups.The intervention effect was compared between groups by means of t tests.SPSS 23.0 was used for statistical analysis,and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.The research was reported according to CONSORT statement.Results:1.Comparison of baseline data between the two groups before the intervention.Before the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of general demographic data,disease-related data,disease knowledge,general self-efficacy,compliance behaviour,or ODI(P>0.05).2.Comparison of relevant indicators between the two groups of patients before and after the intervention.(1)One,four and 12 weeks after surgery,the disease knowledge,general self-efficacy and postoperative compliance behaviour of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).(2)At 1,4 and 12 weeks after surgery,the ODI of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusions:Feedback-based health education is conducive to improving disease knowledge,general self-efficacy and compliance behaviour and reducing ODI scores in patients with LDH.Relevance to clinical practice:This study provides nurses worldwide with a reference for health education during postoperative rehabilitation for lumbar disc herniation.

A Retrospective Analysis of the Gluteal Muscles Contracture and Discussion of the Relative Problems

Summary: The operation methods, clinical classification, postoperative function exercise of gluteal muscles contracture were investigated. Clinically and retrospectively, treatment of 1280 patients with gluteal muscles contracture, being subjected to a 'Z-shaped' release lengthening operation and efficiency exercise, was clearly standardized. All the cases were followed up from 3 months to 2 years with the effective rate being 100 %, the cure rate being 98. 5 %, the recent complications being 5%, and the far complications being 0. 2 %. It was concluded that the clear diagnosis combined with standarized operation and efficiency functional exercise could greatly improve the therapeutic effects of gluteal muscles contracture.

Renal function and physical fitness after 12-mo supervised training in kidney transplant recipients

AIM To evaluate the effect of a 12-mo supervised aerobic and resistance training, on renal function and exercise capacity compared to usual care recommendations.METHODS Ninety-nine kidney transplant recipients(KTRs) were assigned to interventional exercise(Group A; n = 52) and a usual care cohort(Group B; n = 47). Blood and urine chemistry, exercise capacity, muscular strength, anthropometric measures and health-related quality of life(HRQo L) were assessed at baseline, and after 6 and 12 mo. Group A underwent a supervised training three times per week for 12 mo. Group B received only general recommendations about home-based physical activities.RESULTS Eighty-five KTRs completed the study(Group A, n = 44; Group B, n = 41). After 12 mo, renal function remained stable in both groups. Group A significantly increased maximum workload(+13 W, P = 0.0003), V'O2 peak(+3.1 mL/kg per minute, P = 0.0099), muscular strength in plantar flexor(+12 kg, P = 0.0368), height in the countermovement jump(+1.9 cm, P = 0.0293) and decreased in Body Mass Index(-0.5 kg/m^2, P = 0.0013). HRQo L significantly improved in physical function(P = 0.0019), physical-role limitations(P = 0.0321) and social functioning scales(P = 0.0346). Noimprovements were found in Group B.CONCLUSION Twelve-month of supervised aerobic and resistance training improves the physiological variables related to physical fitness and cardiovascular risks without consequences on renal function. Recommendations alone are not sufficient to induce changes in exercise capacity of KTRs. Our study is an example of collaborative working between transplant centres, sports medicine and exercise facilities.

Determinants of inspiratory muscle function in healthy children

Background: Children are affected by disorders that have an impact on the respiratory muscles. Inspiratory muscle function can be assessed by means of the noninvasive tension–time index of the inspiratory muscles(TTImus). Our objectives were to identify the determinants of TTImus in healthy children and to report normal values of TTImus in this population.Methods: We measured weight, height, upper arm muscle area(UAMA), and TTImusin 96 children aged 6–18 years. The level and frequency of aerobic activity was assessed by questionnaire.Results: TTImuswas significantly lower in male subjects(0.095 ± 0.038, mean ± SD) compared with female subjects(0.126 ± 0.056)(p = 0.002).TTImus was significantly lower in regularly exercising(0.093 ± 0.040) compared with nonexercising subjects(0.130 ± 0.053)(p < 0.001). TTImus was significantly negatively related to age(r =-0.239, p = 0.019), weight(r =-0.214, p = 0.037), height(r =-0.355, p < 0.001), and UAMA(r =-0.222, p = 0.030). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that height and aerobic exercise were significantly related to TTImus independently of age, weight, and UAMA. The predictive regression equation for TTImus in male subjects was TTImus = 0.228-0.001 × height(cm), and in female subjects it was TTImus = 0.320-0.001 × height(cm).Conclusion: Gender, age, anthropometry, skeletal muscularity, and aerobic exercise are significantly associated with indices of inspiratory muscle function in children. Normal values of TTImus in healthy children are reported.

Skeletal Muscle Adaptation to Endurance and Resistance Training

Endurance training in the aerobic zone of metabolism promotes a transition from type II to type I muscle fibers, influences the enzyme system of the Krebs cycle, electron transport chain, capillary supply, changes in key metabolic enzymes involved in fatty acid activation, and increased oxygen uptake in skeletal muscle. First of all, the transition process is related to the contractile apparatus. 5＇adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase is activated in response to endurance training and related to the metabolic adaptation of skeletal muscle. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor isoform δ is an important regulator of skeletal muscle endurance capacity. Resistance training improves muscle contractile function and increases muscle mass as a result of an anabolic and anti catabolic effect in fast-twitch fibers. Resistance training expands the amount of the contractile apparatus in order to enlarge fiber cross-sectional area. A concomitant alteration in proteins phenotype of contractile apparatus and metabolic enzyme levels occurs in accordance with activity-induced changes in the muscle＇s fiber-type profile. Recovery of skeletal muscle mechanical properties depends on the structural and metabolic peculiarities of muscle and the character of training.

Real-time surface electromyography in Parkinson's disease patients during exercise-induced muscle fatigue

To explore the mechanisms underlying exercise-induced local muscle fatigue in patients with idiopathic Parkinson＇s disease （PD）,we used surface electromyography to record myoelectric signals from the tibialis anterior muscle during isometric contraction-induced fatigue until exhaustion.The results revealed no significant differences between patients with idiopathic PD and healthy controls in maximum voluntary contraction of the tibialis anterior muscle.The basic characteristics of surface electromyography were also similar between the two groups.The duration of isometric contraction at 50% maximum voluntary contraction was shortened in PD patients.In addition,PD patients exhibited a stronger increase in mean square amplitude,but a weaker decrease in median frequency and mean power frequency compared with healthy controls during isometric contraction.The skeletal muscles of PD patients revealed specificity of surface electromyography findings,indicating increased fatigability compared with healthy controls.

盆底超声评估妊娠、分娩和盆底肌锻炼对产妇盆底功能的影响

目的探讨盆底超声评估妊娠、分娩和盆底肌锻炼对产妇盆底功能的影响。方法选择2019年1月至2023年1月我院收治的104例产妇,根据干预方式不同分为对照组(n=50)和研究组(n=54)。对照组给予常规妊娠指导和护理,研究组则在妊娠28周后加用盆底肌锻炼。比较两组产后8周的盆底功能和盆底超声检查结果。结果研究组盆底肌力等级显著优于对照组,压力性尿失禁发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组CD、LHD-d、LHLR-d、RAD、BND显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论盆底超声可评估妊娠、分娩和盆底肌锻炼产妇的盆底功能;盆底肌锻炼能够显著改善产妇的盆底功能,减少盆腔结构变化,降低压力性尿失禁发生率。

复元止痛方辅助腰背肌功能训练对腰椎术后慢性腰痛患者疼痛缓解和腰椎功能康复的影响

目的探讨复元止痛方辅助腰背肌功能训练对腰椎术后慢性腰痛患者疼痛缓解和腰椎功能康复的影响。方法选取2021年1月-2023年1月收治的腰椎术后慢性腰痛患者86例,分为对照组和观察组,各43例。对照组患者采用塞来昔布胶囊口服+腰背肌功能训练治疗,观察组患者在对照组治疗基础上联合复元止痛方治疗,连续治疗4周。观察2组患者治疗前后中医症状积分、VAS和ODI评分、血清炎性因子[肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、白介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)]水平改善情况,并比较2组治疗后总有效率及治疗方案的安全性。结果治疗后,2组腰痛如针刺、疼痛拒按、腰椎活动受限、舌质紫黯积分,VAS评分,ODI评分均明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组治疗后中医症状积分及量表评分均低于对照组(P<0.05);2组TNF-α、IL-6、CRP均显著下降(P<0.05),观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组总有效率93.02%明显高于对照组76.74%(P<0.05);观察组药物不良反应总发生率4.65%明显低于对照组23.26%(P<0.05)。结论采用复元止痛方配合腰背肌功能训练治疗腰椎术后慢性腰痛,能够有效减轻疼痛程度,降低炎性因子水平,促进腰椎功能恢复和临床症状缓解,且治疗安全性较高。

低频脉冲电疗配合无痛运动疗法在PVP治疗OVCF中的应用

目的:探究低频脉冲电疗配合无痛运动疗法在经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折(OVCF)患者中的应用价值。方法:收集在医院骨科接受PVP治疗的70例OVCF患者,据随机信封法划分为观察组(35例)与对照组(35例)。对照组患者实施常规围术期康复干预方案,观察组患者基于对照组常规干预方案上实施低频脉冲电疗配合无痛运动疗法。持续干预4周,比较两组干预后腰椎活动度,干预前后疼痛NRS评分、腰椎功能ODI评分、日常生活活动能力ADL评分、生活质量评分;比较两组干预总体优良率。结果:干预后,观察组患者左右弯曲、前屈及后伸、左右旋转的腰椎活动度均高于对照组(P<0.05),两组患者NRS评分及ODI评分均较治疗前降低,但观察组降低幅度大于对照组(P<0.05);两组患者ADL评分及生活质量评分均较治疗前升高,但观察组改善幅度大于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者干预总体优良率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:骨质疏松压缩骨折患者在PVP治疗的术后采用低频脉冲电疗配合无痛运动疗法进行康复干预的效果显著,且能明显减轻腰椎疼痛感,改善腰椎功能,提升日常生活活动能力,辅助改善患者预后生活质量,值得推广。

运动疗法对前交叉韧带重建后康复疗效影响的网状Meta分析

目的:运动干预被认为是前交叉韧带重建后康复的基础。然而,关于何种运动疗法在改善前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节肌肉力量和功能方面更有效,目前仍未得出明确结论。为此,文章采用网状Meta分析方法,比较运动疗法治疗前交叉韧带重建后的疗效,为选择最佳运动疗法提供循证医学依据。方法:计算机检索PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,The Cochrane Library及EBSCO数据库运动疗法治疗前交叉韧带重建后的随机对照试验,检索时限均从建库至2023-11-20。结局指标包括股四头肌肌力、腘绳肌肌力、膝关节功能评分3个连续性变量。运用EndNote X9.1软件筛选文献。采用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具对纳入的文献进行质量评价,根据GRADE评分对文章结果的证据强度进行评级,采用Stata 16.0进行网状Meta分析。结果:①共纳入36项随机对照试验,包括1179例前交叉韧带重建后患者,纳入文献整体质量中等;涉及9种运动疗法:等速训练、交叉训练、离心训练、水中康复、血流限制训练、运动控制训练、增强式训练、全身振动训练和综合训练;对照措施为常规康复训练。②网状Meta分析结果显示:与常规康复训练相比,离心训练(SMD=2.08,95%CI:0.56-3.60,P=0.007)对前交叉韧带重建后患者股四头肌肌力的改善效果最佳,其次是综合训练(SMD=1.69,95%CI:0.11-3.27,P=0.249)和全身振动训练(SMD=0.81,95%CI:0.11-1.51,P=0.042);在提升患者腘绳肌肌力方面,综合训练(SMD=2.08,95%CI:0.30-3.86,P=0.022)效果最佳,其次是增强式训练(SMD=1.51,95%CI:0.18-2.84,P=0.026)和等速训练(SMD=1.37,95%CI:0.06-2.67,P=0.039);综合训练(SMD=4.60,95%CI:2.40-6.80,P<0.001)改善膝关节功能评分最有效,其次是离心训练(SMD=1.75,95%CI:0.24-3.25,P=0.023)和水中康复(SMD=1.65,95%CI:0.07-3.24,P=0.041)。结论:低到中等强度的临床证据证实,在改善前交叉韧带重建后患者膝关节肌肉力量和功能方面,综合训练可能是最有效的运动疗法,其次是离心训练、增强式训练、等速训练、全身振动训练、水中康复。未来仍需更多高质量的临床随机对照试验来验证结论的可靠性。

腰部核心肌力训练联合疼痛干预对老年腰椎间盘突出症患者腰椎功能、下肢放射痛的影响

目的探讨腰部核心肌力训练联合疼痛干预对老年腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)患者腰椎功能、下肢放射痛的影响.方法选取我院2019年5月—2023年2月收治的80例LDH患者为研究对象,按随机数字表法将其分为对照组与观察组,每组40例.对照组采用疼痛干预,观察组在对照组基础上采用腰部核心肌力训练.对比两组患者的腰椎功能、下肢放射痛和腰椎活动度、核心稳定性及生活质量.结果干预后,观察组日本骨科学会评分系统各个维度评分均高于对照组,下肢放射痛及腰椎活动度改善情况均优于对照组,单桥耐力试验时间长于对照组,生活质量综合评定问卷各个维度评分均高于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05).结论腰部核心肌力训练联合疼痛干预能够有效缓解老年LDH患者的下肢放射痛,提高腰椎功能,并改善患者腰椎活动度及稳定性,提高生活质量.

二氢杨梅素对运动性骨骼肌损伤的保护作用及机制研究

目的探讨二氢杨梅素(dihydromyricetin,DHM)对运动训练后小鼠骨骼肌损伤的保护作用及潜在机制。方法将成年雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为安静对照组(CG)、运动组(EG)、二氢杨梅素(100mg/kg·d)+运动组(DHM组)。干预期4周,同时进行运动训练,每天1小时。训练结束后的次日,EG组和DHM组进行一次坡度为0、速度为18 m/min、持续90 min的跑台运动。运动结束后24小时按组别取材,测定血清肌酸激酶(creatine kinase,CK)、乳酸脱氢酶(lactate dehydrogenase,LDH)和总超氧化物歧化酶(total superoxide dismutase,T-SOD)活性、丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量和骨骼肌线粒体酶复合体Ⅰ和Ⅱ的活性,观察骨骼肌病理学组织形态变化。免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测线粒体功能相关通路的蛋白表达。结果与EG组相比,DHM组小鼠骨骼肌形态改变和线粒体损伤明显减轻。DHM显著抑制了运动后骨骼肌损伤的标志物CK和LDH及脂质过氧化水平,提高了骨骼肌T-SOD活性。Western blot结果显示,DHM显著增加小鼠骨骼肌沉默调节蛋白3(SIRT3)、雌激素相关受体α(EERα)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体-γ共激活因子-1α(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1 alpha,PGC-1α)的表达。结论DHM有助于减轻小鼠运动性骨骼肌损伤,其机制可能是DHM可激活肌肉SIRT3信号通路,促进大强度运动后骨骼肌线粒体结构和功能的恢复。

老年腰椎术后患者早期“站立位”功能锻炼方法的研制

目的:基于快速康复理念研制老年腰椎术后患者早期“站立位”功能锻炼方法,为临床功能锻炼提供参考。方法:通过文献回顾制定老年腰椎术后患者早期“站立位”功能锻炼方法初稿,通过专家会议、专家函询确定最终功能锻炼方法。结果:参与会议专家共5名,权威系数为0.915。参与函询专家共10名,权威系数为0.950。条目的重要性评分为4.51~4.92分,变异系数为0.06~0.15。最终构建的功能锻炼方法包括5个一级条目、20个二级条目。结论:本研究构建的老年腰椎术后患者早期“站立位”功能锻炼方法具有一定的科学性、安全性,可进一步进行临床验证。

弹性抗阻运动对老年人肌肉力量和躯体功能影响的meta分析

目的 探讨弹性抗阻运动对老年人肌肉力量和躯体功能的影响。方法 选取Cochrane library、Medline、Web of Science、Embase、CINAHL等数据库从建库至2022年1月发表的探讨弹性抗阻运动对老年人肌肉力量和(或)躯体功能改善效果的英文RCT研究。对所有文献进行整理和分析,并使用Cochrane handbook(5.1.0)质量评价标准对文献进行质量评估,分析弹性抗阻运动对老年人握力、椅立试验(timed chair rise test,TCR)、步速(gait speed,GS)、起立-行走计时测试(timed up and go test,TUG)的影响。结果 共检索文献612篇,最终纳入有效文献9篇,共涉及研究对象544例,其中7篇文献质量为A级、2篇文献质量为B级。Meta分析结果显示,弹性抗阻运动可以改善老年人的握力(MD=-1.48,95%CI:-2.07~-0.88,P=0.19,I~2=30%)、TCR成绩(MD=-2.05,95%CI:-2.62~-1.47,P=0.17,I~2=37%)和TUG成绩(MD=-1.91,95%CI:-2.32~-1.50,P=0.63,I~2=0%),可能提高老年人的GS(MD=-0.03,95%CI:-0.10~0.02,P=0.05,I~2=56%)。结论 弹性抗阻运动可以有效改善老年人的握力和躯体功能。

序贯健肌操联合体外膈肌起搏干预在无创机械通气患者中的应用

目的探讨序贯健肌操联合体外膈肌起搏(external diaphragmatic pacing,EDP)在无创机械通气患者中的应用效果。方法选取2021年5月-2023年5月在郑州市第一人民医院神经重症监护室治疗的108例无创机械通气患者,将其随机分为对照组和观察组,各54例。对照组予以EDP干预,观察组在对照组基础上行序贯健肌操干预。比较2组干预前后膈肌功能、血气分析指标、撤机成功率、机械通气时间、ICU住院时间。结果干预后,观察组膈肌移动度(DE)、吸气末膈肌厚度、呼气末膈肌厚度、动脉氧分压(PaO_(2))、氧合指数及撤机成功率均高于对照组(t=-3.818,P<0.001;t=-2.186,P=0.031;t=-2.644,P=0.009;t=-2.780,P=0.006;t=-2.241,P=0.027;χ^(2)=4.267,P=0.039),机械通气时间、ICU住院时间均短于对照组(t=6.227,P<0.001;t=3.739,P<0.001),二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))低于对照组(t=6.458,P<0.001)。结论序贯健肌操联合EDP干预在无创机械通气患者中应用效果较好,能缩短患者机械通气时间,提高撤机成功率,改善膈肌功能。

运动疗法通过机械-化学偶联治疗慢性非特异性下背痛

背景:目前运动疗法是非药物治疗腰痛的有效方法,运动疗法可通过骨骼和肌肉之间的机械-化学偶联维持腰椎的稳定,但目前尚无关于运动疗法通过机械-化学偶联缓解慢性非特异性下背痛之间研究进展及最佳治疗方案的明确阐述。目的:综述运动疗法时椎旁肌通过机械-化学偶联影响腰椎稳定性进而缓解慢性非特异性下背痛的相关研究进展,以及目前运动疗法治疗慢性非特异性下背痛的最佳方案。方法:在万方数据库、中国知网、维普、Web of Science和PubMed数据库进行文献检索,以“慢性非特异性下背痛,腰椎稳定,椎旁肌,运动疗法”为中文检索词,以“chronic nonspecific low back pain,lumbar stabilization,paravertebral muscle,exercise therapy”为英文检索词,检索各数据库建库至2024年1月发表的相关文献,最终纳入93篇文献进行归纳总结。结果与结论:运动疗法可以通过适当的机械刺激作用于椎旁肌和骨骼并使其产生相应的变化。运动疗法主要通过机械-化学偶联方式来提高椎旁肌的质量,进而维持腰椎稳定,从而更好地缓解慢性非特异性下背痛,是慢性非特异性下背痛的重要干预措施。但是,对于运动疗法通过腰椎稳定来治疗慢性非特异性下背痛的确切有效方案尚无明确报道。个体化运动方案的制定对于慢性非特异性下背痛的治疗和预后尤为重要。同一个体的肌肉质量与骨骼质量是密切相关的,影像学评估椎旁肌的质量和体积对于疾病的发现和干预具有重要意义。

悬吊运动训练对痉挛型脑瘫患儿肌张力和运动功能的影响

目的 分析使用悬吊训练如何影响痉挛型脑瘫患儿肌肉张力和运动功能。方法 以徐州医科大学第二临床医学院在2021年1月-2023年1月接收的60例痉挛型脑瘫患儿为样本,根据不同的治疗方法分为观察组和对照组,各30例。其中对照组进行常规康复训练,观察组在常规康复训练的基础上增加悬吊运动训练,2组均干预3个月。分别在治疗前和治疗后,通过改良Ashworth 痉挛量表评价张力,利用粗大运动功能评估量表(GMFM-88)以及精细运动功能评估量表(FMFM)对患儿的运动功能进行比较;同时日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)评价其生活自理能力。结果 观察组治疗后痉挛程度较对照组降低,GMFM-88、FMFM评分和关节活动度增加,且日常生活活动能力比对照组明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 痉挛型脑瘫患儿通过悬吊运动训练可以减轻痉挛,并提高运动能力。