Cultural and luminescent Conditions of a Marine luminous Bacterium

Study of marine noctilucence in marine is important to fishery, environmental monitoring and military affairs. A luminous bacterial strain D2 was isolated from the marine sediment samples collected near Donghai Island in Zhanjiang, China. The primary cultural and luminescent conditions of luminous bacterium D2 which was identified as Vibrio sp. were determined in liquid culture. The results showed that pH 7.0, 35 ℃, with 2.0 % NaCI, were the best growth conditions, and pH5 - 6, 20℃, OD600 0.08, with 3.0 % NaCI, were the optimal luminescent conditions.

Polyaniline Formed in Alkaline Solution─A New Luminous Material

Electropolymerization of aniline in KOH solution and properties of the polymer are studied by using in situ reflex ellipsometry, cyclic voltammetry and fluorescence spectroscopic method. The change patterns of ellipsometric parameters and the thickness of film in the process of electropolymerization are investigated. The complex refractive indices and the fluorescence spectra of PAN indicate that the PAN is a new kind of luminous material.

Influence of artificial luminous environment and TCM intervention on development of myopia rabbits

Objective:To explore the influence of artificial luminous environment and preventive function of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) intervention based on "Theory of yin-yang clock" on myopia.Methods:A total of 45 New Zealand young rabbits were randomly divided into 5groups,9 for each group.Control group was exposed in natural light.Fluorescent group and full spectrum group were exposed in fluorescent light and full spectrum light,on which basis fluorescent TCM group and full spectrum TCM group were added with "Rizhong Yinyang Formulas",respectively.Optical parameters were measured and the influence of different lights on the serum and retinal dopamine(DA) levels as well as the retinal histopathological tissues was observed.Results:The spectrum of fluorescent light mainly focused at 420-490 nm with the peak value of wavelength near 450 nm,whereas that of full spectrum was wider(400-800 nm) with the peak value near 600 nm.After 4 and 12 weeks,fluorescent group was evidently lower in serum and retinal DA levels(P<0.01).and there was no significant difference among full spectrum group,fluorescent TCM group and full spectrum TCM group(P>0.05).Histopathological observation showed that there was significant difference in pigment epithelium layer,photoreceptor and nerve fiber layer between fluorescent group and control group,but the difference among the test groups was not significant.Conclusions:Fluorescent light has certain influence on retinal histological construction and visual performance.However,TCM intervention may have some degree of protective function on retina.

Study of An Unsymmetrical Shadow Mask PDP with High Luminous Efficacy

A new shadow mask plasma display panel （SMPDP） is presented in this article. The unsymmetrical geometry structure of the discharge cell is its main feature. A macro-cell with a ratio of 40：1 was designed and fabricated. The geometrical parameters and electrode＇s structure of the discharge cell of the unsymmetrical SMPDP were optimized. Compared with current SMPDP, its luminous efficiency was obviously improved. Then a 32-inch wide video graphics array （WVGA） unsymmetrical SMPDP with a luminous efficacy of 1.8 Lm/W was produced.

Space luminous environment adaptability of missile-borne star sensor

To solve the problem of stray interference to star point target identification while a star sensor imaging to the sky, a study on space luminous environment adaptability of missile-borne star sensor was carried out. By Plank blackbody radiation law and some astronomic knowledge, irradiancies of the stray at the star sensor working height were estimated. By relative astrophysical and mathematics knowledge, included angles between the star sensor optical axis point and the stray at any moment were calculated. The calculation correctness was verified with the star map software of Stellarium. By combining the upper analysis with the baffle suppression effect, a real-time model for space luminous environment of missile-borne star sensor was proposed. By signal-noise rate （SNR） criterion, the adaptability of missile-borne star sensor to space luminous environment was studied. As an example, a certain type of star sensor was considered when imaging to the starry sky on June 22, 2011 （the Summer Solstice） and September 20, 2011 （August 23 of the lunar year, last quarter moon） in Beijing. The space luminous environment and the adaptability to it were simulated and analyzed at the star sensor working height. In each period of time, the stray suppression of the baffle is analyzed by comparing the calculated included angle between the star sensor optical axis point and the stray with the shielded provided by system index. When the included angle is larger than the shielded angle and less than 90~, the stray is restrained by the baffle. The stray effect on star point target identification is analyzed by comparing the irradiancy of 6 magnitude star with that of the stray on star sensor sensitization surface. When the irradiancy of 6 magnitude star is 5 times more than that of the stray, there is no effect on the star point target identification. The simulation results are identicat with the actual situation. The space luminous environment of the missile-borne star sensor can be estimated real-timely by this model. The adaptability of the star sensor to space luminous environment can be analyzed conveniently. A basis for determining the relative star sensor indexes, the navigation star chosen strategy and the missile launch window can be provided.

Luminous Shapes with Unusual Motions as Potential Predictors of Earthquakes: A Historical Summary of the Validity and Application of the Tectonic Strain Theory

For centuries and on every continent discrete shapes of lights with unusual motions have preceded earthquakes. The numbers of these lights per interval within a region have been strongly correlated with the amount of seismic energy subsequently released within that region. These temporal intervals range between 3 months and 6 months for areas more than 500 kmin radius and less than a month for smaller radii. Other analyses have shown that the same tectonic strain associated with earthquakes is also associated with the display of luminous events before those earthquakes. This strain can be precipitated by injections of fluids into the crust, natural changes in hydrological loads on rivers, or, purposeful displacement of water into reservoirs. The strengths of the associations are sufficient to allow modest forecasting of earthquakes within the boundaries of the region and the temporal interval of analysis. More accurate utilization of these phenomena as prognosticators of specific earthquakes will require a re-evaluation of the manner by which these data are systematically recorded and interpreted.

Research on Testing System for Three-dimensional Distribution of Luminous Intensity of LED

In terms of asymmetrical three-dimensional distribution(ID) of luminous intensity(LI) of light-emitting-diode(LED),a testing system was conducted in this study. Design and principle of the testing system were introduced. 31 photometers were placed on a concentric circle,and all of them were used to gather LI data of LED at the same time. The data acquisition card(DAC) was used to gather multichannel data and controlled motor. Experimental results indicated that the testing system had achieved the goal of testing three-dimensional distribution of LI. And each parameter could meet the requirements of industrial production and measurement.

Investigation of thermal behavior of energetic and non-energetic binders on luminous efficiency of high performance miniature flares

Miniature flares containing magnesium/sodium nitrate compounded with different binders were studied for increasing luminosity and luminous efficiency in various fuel oxidizer ratio and flare diameters.Unsaturated polyester, Bisphenol-A epoxy resin, calcium resinate, and nitrocellulose were used as binders for construction the flares. Experimental results showed that luminous efficiency was higher for polyester based flares. Due to the difference in decomposition progress of various binders and the exothermic reaction between binder and oxidizer the luminous efficiency of the mixtures were 31000,28900, 27800 and 25100 cd respectively for polyester, epoxy, calcium resinate, and nitrocellulose. It was found that nitrocellulose as an energetic binder produces the highest light intensity in comparison to other binders, but the burning rate is higher and the burning time is lower than the other binders.Thermal analysis of four binders showed that the heat of reactions was directly related to the amount of light output and luminosity.

ANALYSES OF THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN IRRIGATED AND NONIRRIGATED AREA FOR LUMINOUS ENERGY UTILIZATION RATIO AND PRODUCTIVE POTENTIALITIES IN NINGXIA

Situated in arid and semi-arid lands, the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is locatedat the middle reaches of the Yellow River. An adequate system of gravity irrigation was es-tablished in the north of Ningxia. Adding to abundant sunshine, strong solar radiation andmoderate heat, the agriculture is very developed. The south mountainous area of Ningxia, including both Yanchi and Tongxin counties,is short of rain, The vast lands cannot be irrigated. Nonirrigated agriculture and

Diffusion Simulation of Outer Radiation Belt Electron Dynamics Induced by Superluminous L-O Mode Waves

Temporal evolution of outer radiation belt electron dynamics resulting from superluminous L-O mode waves is simulated at L=6.5.Diffusion rates are evaluated and then used as inputs to solve a 2D momentum-pitch-angle diffusion equation,particularly with and without cross diffusion terms.Simulated results demonstrate that phase space density(PSD)of energetic electrons due to L-O mode waves can enhance significantly within 24 h,covering a broader pitch-angle range in the absence of cross terms than that in the presence of cross terms.PSD evolution is also determined by the peak wave frequency,particularly at high kinetic energies.This result indicates that superluminous waves can be a potential candidate responsible for outer radiation belt electron dynamics.

Theoretical and experimental analysis of the effects of the series resistance on luminous efficacy in GaN-based light emitting diodes

In this paper, a new equivalent circuit model of GaN-based light emitting diodes （LEDs） is established. The impact of the series resistance to luminous efficacy is simulated using the MATLAB software. GaN-based LEDs with different n- contact electrode materials （LEDs with Ni/Au and LEDs with Cr/Au） are fabricated. By comparing and analyzing the results of performances, we concluded that both the series resistance and the carrier loss could affect the luminous efficacy severely. LEDs with lower series resistance have higher luminous efficacy and its efficiency droop is alleviated simultaneously. To improve luminous efficacy, the fabrication process should be optimized for lower series resistance.

Field Study on Indoor Thermal and Luminous Environment in Winter of Vernacular Houses in Northern Hebei Province of China

In this paper,a climate-adaptation study of vernacular houses in northern Hebei Province has been conducted based on quantitative field surveys. Three typical vernacular houses with different kinds of building envelopes were selected. The field surveys included investigation on building material and construction,measurement of indoor thermal environment, infrared thermographic study of building envelopes and measurement of luminous environment. The results showed that the indoor air temperatures were below thermal comfort zone from late night till early morning and the horizontal temperature gradient was obvious. The adobe wall showed better thermal performance than the other two. As for the building layout,it is beneficial to put a storeroom on the north side of the house as a temperature buffer zone. Furthermore,due to missing insulation and the informal process of construction,significant amounts of heat escaped from building envelopes,especially from the corner of wall,ceiling and around the openings. The daylight factors on the work plan in the main rooms were accordance with design standards and the level of illuminance met the requirements of family's daily activities.

Development of Flexible Luminous Fabrics for Photodynamic Therapy in Biomedical Applications

Fabrics integrating with side-emitting polymer optical fiber( SE-POF) have great potentials for photodynamic therapy( PDT),which is a form of phototherapy recognized as a treatment strategy that is both minimally invasive and minimally toxic.Preliminary research has been undertaken to develop flexible luminous fabrics( FLF) device for PDT used in biomedical applications. The FLF device consists of SE-POFs, textile substrates,light source( LEDs or laser) with proper wavelength,and optical fiber coupling,etc. Different patterns of the fabrics were designed and fabricated purposely,and the light illumination effect was tested including the light power emitting from the patterned optical fiber fabrics,the stability of the illumination,and the light with different wavelengths. The work contributes to the successful development of an efficient and pain-alleviated illumination device for PDT in biomedical application.

Study of Luminous Emission from a Coaxial Plasma Discharge Device in the Presence of External Transverse Magnetic Field

The experimental investigations in this paper are focused on the study of luminous radiation emission from coaxial plasma discharge device and the effect of applied transverse magnetic field Btr on it. The experiment was done in (1.5 KJ - 10 KV) coaxial plasma discharge device. The discharge is operated in Nitrogen gas at pressures from 1 to 2.2 torr. Helmholtz magnetic coils are placed outside the coaxial electrodes with its axis at a distance = 3 cm from the coaxial electrodes muzzle, then Btr with a maximum induction ≈ 0.85 T is applied perpendicularly to the expanded plasma from the coaxial electrodes muzzle. The diagnostics used in the measurements include a Rogowsky coil and a photomultiplier tube equipped with light collimator. The experimental results showed that the maximum intensity of luminous radiation is detected at axial distance (side view) z = 8 cm and gas pressure, P = 2.2 torr. It also showed that the maximum value of axial luminous plasma zone velocity = 2.383 × 106 cm/s at z = 11 cm and P = 1.4 torr. In mode of presence of external Btr, the investigations have shown that, at P = 1.4 torr the maximum intensity of luminous radiation (detected at end-view position) is reduced by 17%, the full width at half maximum, FWHM of luminous radiation signal is increased by 40 times, while the luminous radiation signal is delayed by ta = 438 μs. In two modes of operation ta and FWHM have approximately a minimum values at P = 1.4 torr.

Theoretical Modeling of Luminous Efficacy for High-Power White Light-Emitting Diodes

The photometric characteristics of high-power white light-emitting diode （LED） devices are investigated. A theoretical model for the luminous efficacy o[ high-power white LED devices and LED systems is proposed. With the proposed theoretical model, the mechanism of the luminous efficacy decrease is explained. Meanwhile, the model can be used to estimate the luminous efficacy oF LEDs under general operation conditions, such as different operation temperatures and injection currents. The wide validity of the luminous efficacy model is experimentally verified through the measurements of different types of LEDs. The experimental results demonstrate a high estimation accuracy. The proposed models not only can be applied to estimate the LED photometric performance, but also is helpful for reliability research of LEDs.

The researchers developed luminous rabbit

Their efforts produced two rabbits out of a litter of eight that went from being a normal, fluffy(蓬松的) white to glowing green in the dark. The rabbits were born at the University of Istanbul as part of a collaboration between scientists from universities in Turkey and Hawaii. The rabbits glow to show that a genetic manipulation technique can work efficiently,

Exploration on Research Methods for Exploring Human Response to Luminous Environment with Chromogenic Windows Applied

Chromogenic windows enable both energy-saving and daylighting regulation.However,the human response to the luminous environment affected by them is difficult to test,since their features of dynamic change and tinting automatically.This study explores the research methods,including experimental design and statistical analysis,by literature review and an experiment demonstration.The results show that a proper size of the test room is significant to obtain desired data,and the advanced VR technologies have the potential to be applied for testing these dynamic variables.Bayesian approaches are recommended to be tried and get more accurate interference about the experimental results.

Black Sun: Ocular Invisibility of Relativistic Luminous Astrophysical Bodies

Considered as a gedanken experiment are the conditions under which the relativistic Doppler shifting of visible electromagnetic radiation to beyond the human ocular range could reduce the incident radiance of the source, and render a luminous astrophysical body (LAB) invisible to a naked eye. This paper determines the proper distance as a function of relativistic velocity at which a luminous object attains ocular invisibility.

Hydrogen sulfide:a luminous future in the postharvest preservation of fruits and vegetables

Hydrogen sulfide(H_(2)S)has emerged as a signaling molecule that plays a crucial role in the postharvest preservation of fruits and vegetables.This review summarizes the various functions of H_(2)S such as delaying ripening and senescence,enhancing the resistance to cold and disease,and emphasizes the underlying mechanisms.Appropriate concentrations of H_(2)S primarily operate through stimulating the antioxidant system,while showing positive effects on physiological metabolism relevant to storage quality and shelf life including energy,sugar,proline,phenolic,membrane lipid and cell wall metabolism.Moreover,H_(2)S may reduce storage loss by modulating the expression patterns of senescence-related genes,like those linked to ethylene.The coordination of H_(2)S and nitric oxide(NO)combats ethylene-derived negative effects during ripening and senescence.High concentrations of H_(2)S not only act as a regulator to induce disease resistance,but also as a fungicide to inhibit the growth and pathogenicity of fungi.The intricate crosstalk between H_(2)S and other molecules exists via synergistic and antagonistic roles based on protein persulfidation,which is the major signaling process of H_(2)S and appears to compete with other post-translational modifications(PTMs)for the same cysteine residues.This review summarizes H_(2)S synthesis pathways and also discusses the correlation between the signals of H_(2)S,Ca^(2+)and ABA,while highlighting the intrinsic mechanisms of H_(2)S performing its functions in postharvest preservation.

Microwave diagnostics of pulsed atmospheric discharge with electrolytic electrode and long-lived luminous formation in its afterglow

The Gatchina discharge phenomenon holds significant promise as a laboratory model for simulating ball lightning.However,crucial aspects concerning the plasma components of the resulting afterglow remain unresolved.Notably,the measurement of the electron density,a critical parameter,has not been fully achieved thus far.In this study,microwave diagnostics and video recording were employed during a pulsed Gatchina discharge,along with synchronous measurement of discharge current and voltage.Distinct antennas were positioned at different heights to enable separate diagnosis of the discharge and the ensuing long-lived afterglow.The findings revealed that during the active phase of the Gatchina discharge,the plasma density was substantial enough to cause reflection of an electromagnetic wave with a frequency of 20 GHz from this highly conductive object.In the afterglow,the signal experienced only a moderate weakening of 10–20 percent,facilitating the determination of the time dependence of average electron density during the afterglow's passage between the two antennas.These measurements verified the unusually slow plasma decay in the afterglow of the Gatchina discharge,suggesting the potential significance of chemi-ionisation processes involving long-lived(metastable)particles.