Lunar dust is one of the most threatening problems confronting the return of human beings to the moon.In this work we studied the spatial distribution behavior of charged lunar dust in the solar wind plasma environmen...Lunar dust is one of the most threatening problems confronting the return of human beings to the moon.In this work we studied the spatial distribution behavior of charged lunar dust in the solar wind plasma environment in the south polar region of the moon and considered the influence of a mini-crater using Spacecraft Plasma Interactions Software.The distribution of dust and plasma at low solar altitude angles of 20°and 0°was studied,and the spatial density of lunar dust was~10^(10.4)m^(-3)and~10^(11.5)m^(-3),respectively.This is because a higher surface potential will result in transportation of small dust particles and photoelectrons can also neutralize positively charged lunar dust.The dust density in the plasma void region created by a mini-crater with a 5 m high wall was studied.We obtained a quasi-neutral electric environment in the plasma void region of the mini-crater,and the dust density was about a magnitude lower than that in other regions.The dust risk to a spacesuit is much lower on the nightside than on the dayside,but there is severe charged lunar dust transport in the region between light and shade,which is dominated by the difference in surface and plasma potential caused by photoelectrons.展开更多
Lunar dust is considered to be one of the top challenges for enabling humans to have extended stays on the moon.Human activities such as module landings and launches,walking,rover operation and construction activities...Lunar dust is considered to be one of the top challenges for enabling humans to have extended stays on the moon.Human activities such as module landings and launches,walking,rover operation and construction activities will inevitably produce a significant amount of dust.Therefore,it is important to estimate the potential range and intensity of dust deposition caused by these activities to minimize dust accumulation over time and for maintenance planning and execution.A modular model that correlates the dust deposition distribution with initial mean dust particle velocity,its mean ejected angle and the total amount of ejected mass is developed for an elementary mechanical movement.This modular model is further employed to form a modeling framework to estimate dust deposition of a trajectory based activity of similar repeated movements such as the landing process of a lander,walking and rover operation.The model forms a unified modeling framework for different trajectory-based activities and is shown to predict consistent and physically meaningful ranges and intensities of dust deposition provided reliable data to calibrate the model parameters.展开更多
China first in-situ lunar dust experiment is performed by a lunar dust detector in Chang’E-3 mission. The existed dust(less than 20 μm in diameter) properties, such as levitation, transportation and adhesion, are cr...China first in-situ lunar dust experiment is performed by a lunar dust detector in Chang’E-3 mission. The existed dust(less than 20 μm in diameter) properties, such as levitation, transportation and adhesion, are critical constraints for future lunar exploration program and even manned lunar exploration. Based on the problems discussed above, the in-situ lunar dust detector is originally designed to characterize dust deposition properties induced by lander landing as a function of environmental temperature, solar incident angle and orbit short circuit current on the northern Mare Imbrium, aiming to study lunar dust deposition properties induced by lander landing in depth. This paper begins with a brief of introduction of Chang’E-3 lunar dust detector design,followed by a series of experimental analysis of this instrument under different influencing factors, and concludes with lunar dust mass density deposition amount observed on the first lunar day is about 0.83 mg/cm^2, which is less than that observed in Apollo 11 mission because the landing site of Chang’E-3 has the youngest mare basalts comparing with previous Apollo and lunar landing sites. The young geologic environment is less weathered and thus it has thinner layer of lunar dust than Apollo missions’;hence, the amount of kicked-up lunar dust in Chang’E-3 mission is less than that in Apollo 11 mission.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2020YFC2201300)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA17010301)the Technical Basic Scientific Research Project(Grant No.JSZL2019903B001)。
文摘Lunar dust is one of the most threatening problems confronting the return of human beings to the moon.In this work we studied the spatial distribution behavior of charged lunar dust in the solar wind plasma environment in the south polar region of the moon and considered the influence of a mini-crater using Spacecraft Plasma Interactions Software.The distribution of dust and plasma at low solar altitude angles of 20°and 0°was studied,and the spatial density of lunar dust was~10^(10.4)m^(-3)and~10^(11.5)m^(-3),respectively.This is because a higher surface potential will result in transportation of small dust particles and photoelectrons can also neutralize positively charged lunar dust.The dust density in the plasma void region created by a mini-crater with a 5 m high wall was studied.We obtained a quasi-neutral electric environment in the plasma void region of the mini-crater,and the dust density was about a magnitude lower than that in other regions.The dust risk to a spacesuit is much lower on the nightside than on the dayside,but there is severe charged lunar dust transport in the region between light and shade,which is dominated by the difference in surface and plasma potential caused by photoelectrons.
文摘Lunar dust is considered to be one of the top challenges for enabling humans to have extended stays on the moon.Human activities such as module landings and launches,walking,rover operation and construction activities will inevitably produce a significant amount of dust.Therefore,it is important to estimate the potential range and intensity of dust deposition caused by these activities to minimize dust accumulation over time and for maintenance planning and execution.A modular model that correlates the dust deposition distribution with initial mean dust particle velocity,its mean ejected angle and the total amount of ejected mass is developed for an elementary mechanical movement.This modular model is further employed to form a modeling framework to estimate dust deposition of a trajectory based activity of similar repeated movements such as the landing process of a lander,walking and rover operation.The model forms a unified modeling framework for different trajectory-based activities and is shown to predict consistent and physically meaningful ranges and intensities of dust deposition provided reliable data to calibrate the model parameters.
基金supported by the Beijing Institute of Spacecraft System Engineeringthe National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11605080)the State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry for providing the simulant lunar dust
文摘China first in-situ lunar dust experiment is performed by a lunar dust detector in Chang’E-3 mission. The existed dust(less than 20 μm in diameter) properties, such as levitation, transportation and adhesion, are critical constraints for future lunar exploration program and even manned lunar exploration. Based on the problems discussed above, the in-situ lunar dust detector is originally designed to characterize dust deposition properties induced by lander landing as a function of environmental temperature, solar incident angle and orbit short circuit current on the northern Mare Imbrium, aiming to study lunar dust deposition properties induced by lander landing in depth. This paper begins with a brief of introduction of Chang’E-3 lunar dust detector design,followed by a series of experimental analysis of this instrument under different influencing factors, and concludes with lunar dust mass density deposition amount observed on the first lunar day is about 0.83 mg/cm^2, which is less than that observed in Apollo 11 mission because the landing site of Chang’E-3 has the youngest mare basalts comparing with previous Apollo and lunar landing sites. The young geologic environment is less weathered and thus it has thinner layer of lunar dust than Apollo missions’;hence, the amount of kicked-up lunar dust in Chang’E-3 mission is less than that in Apollo 11 mission.
