目的:观察油酸诱导的急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)中肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的变化,探索ALI/ARDS治疗新途径。方法:①建立ALI/ARDS动物模型,并利用症状、动脉血气分析、肺湿/干重比(W/D)和肺组织病理等指标评估;采用紫外...目的:观察油酸诱导的急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)中肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的变化,探索ALI/ARDS治疗新途径。方法:①建立ALI/ARDS动物模型,并利用症状、动脉血气分析、肺湿/干重比(W/D)和肺组织病理等指标评估;采用紫外分光光度法和放射免疫法分别测定RAS关键酶:血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、ACE2和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ),并研究其变化规律。②分别给模型鼠腹腔注射卡托普利、重组大鼠ACE2(rmACE2)和氯沙坦,观察干预效果。结果:①模型评判及RAS变化:模型复制成功,油酸组大鼠肺水含量较正常组明显增多(W/D:6.71±0.64 vs 4.02±0.10,P<0.01),氧合指数明显下降(PaO_2/FiO_2:267±19 vs 450±15,P<0.01),且病理显示明显的肺损伤改变;油酸组血浆中ACE2表达下降,而ACE表达明显升高,氯沙坦组ACE表达降低,对应ACE2表达升高;油酸组大鼠血浆AngⅡ水平明显增高,而氯沙坦组水平降低(76.50±29.21 vs 118.92±45.48,P<0.05,单位:Pg/ml)。②RAS药物对ALI/ARDS的影响:与油酸组比较,卡托普利组W/D明显降低(5.35±0.25 vs 6.06±0.22,P<0.05),而rmACE2组也出现下降趋势(6.33±0.32 vs 6.71±0.64,单位:U),但无明显统计学差异(P=0.542)。氯沙坦组降低最显著(5.35±0.25,P<0.01,单位:U);氯沙坦可提高ALI/ARDS大鼠7d生存率。结论:①RAS存在激活,表现为关键酶发生显著变化:ACE、AngⅡ的升高和ACE2的降低。②干预RAS能部分改善ALI/ARDS肺损伤。其中以氨沙坦作用最为显著,且能最终提高7d生存率。③RAS可能开辟ALI/ARDS药物治疗的新时代,有望降低ALI/ARDS病死率。展开更多
Background： The detection of solitary pulmonary nodules （SPNs） that may potentially develop into a malignant lesion is essential for early clinical interventions. However, grading classification based on computed t...Background： The detection of solitary pulmonary nodules （SPNs） that may potentially develop into a malignant lesion is essential for early clinical interventions. However, grading classification based on computed tomography （CT） imaging results remains a significant challenge. The 2-[^18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose （^18F-FDG） positron emission tomography （PET）/CT imaging produces both false-positive and false-negative findings for the diagnosis of SPNs. In this study, we compared 18F-FDG and 3-deoxy-3-[^18F]-fluorothymidine （^18F-FLT） in lung cancer PET/CT imaging. Methods： The binding ratios of the two tracers to A549 lung cancer cells were calculated. The mouse lung cancer model was established （n = 12）, and micro-PET/CT analysis using the two tracers was performed. Images using the two tracers were collected from 55 lung cancer patients with SPNs. The correlation among the cell-tracer binding ratios, standardized uptake values （SUVs）, and Ki-67 proliferation marker expression were investigated. Results： The cell-tracer binding ratio for the A549 cells using the ^18F-FDG was greater than the ratio using 18F-FLT （P 〈 0.05）. The Ki-67 expression showed a significant positive correlation with the ^18F-FLT binding ratio （r = 0.824, P〈 0.01）. The tumor-to-nontumor uptake ratio of ^18F-FDG imaging in xenografts was higher than that of ^18F-FLT imaging. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and the accuracy of ^18F-FDG for lung cancer were 89%, 67%, and 73%, respectively. Moreover, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and the accuracy of ^18F-FLT for lung cancer were 71%, 79%, and 76%, respectively. There was an obvious positive correlation between the lung cancer Ki-67 expression and the mean maximum SUV of ^18F-FDG and ^18F-FLT （r = 0.658, P〈 0.05 and r = 0.724, P〈 0.01, respectively）. Conclusions： The ^18F-FDG uptake ratio is higher than that of ^18F-FLT in A549 cells at the cellular level.^18F-FLT imaging might be superior for the quantitative diagnosis of lung tumor tissue and could distinguish lung cancer nodules from other SPNs.展开更多
文摘目的:观察油酸诱导的急性肺损伤/急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)中肾素-血管紧张素系统(RAS)的变化,探索ALI/ARDS治疗新途径。方法:①建立ALI/ARDS动物模型,并利用症状、动脉血气分析、肺湿/干重比(W/D)和肺组织病理等指标评估;采用紫外分光光度法和放射免疫法分别测定RAS关键酶:血管紧张素转换酶(ACE)、ACE2和血管紧张素Ⅱ(AngⅡ),并研究其变化规律。②分别给模型鼠腹腔注射卡托普利、重组大鼠ACE2(rmACE2)和氯沙坦,观察干预效果。结果:①模型评判及RAS变化:模型复制成功,油酸组大鼠肺水含量较正常组明显增多(W/D:6.71±0.64 vs 4.02±0.10,P<0.01),氧合指数明显下降(PaO_2/FiO_2:267±19 vs 450±15,P<0.01),且病理显示明显的肺损伤改变;油酸组血浆中ACE2表达下降,而ACE表达明显升高,氯沙坦组ACE表达降低,对应ACE2表达升高;油酸组大鼠血浆AngⅡ水平明显增高,而氯沙坦组水平降低(76.50±29.21 vs 118.92±45.48,P<0.05,单位:Pg/ml)。②RAS药物对ALI/ARDS的影响:与油酸组比较,卡托普利组W/D明显降低(5.35±0.25 vs 6.06±0.22,P<0.05),而rmACE2组也出现下降趋势(6.33±0.32 vs 6.71±0.64,单位:U),但无明显统计学差异(P=0.542)。氯沙坦组降低最显著(5.35±0.25,P<0.01,单位:U);氯沙坦可提高ALI/ARDS大鼠7d生存率。结论:①RAS存在激活,表现为关键酶发生显著变化:ACE、AngⅡ的升高和ACE2的降低。②干预RAS能部分改善ALI/ARDS肺损伤。其中以氨沙坦作用最为显著,且能最终提高7d生存率。③RAS可能开辟ALI/ARDS药物治疗的新时代,有望降低ALI/ARDS病死率。
基金This study was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 81271607）, and the National Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China （No. 2015M572810）.
文摘Background： The detection of solitary pulmonary nodules （SPNs） that may potentially develop into a malignant lesion is essential for early clinical interventions. However, grading classification based on computed tomography （CT） imaging results remains a significant challenge. The 2-[^18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose （^18F-FDG） positron emission tomography （PET）/CT imaging produces both false-positive and false-negative findings for the diagnosis of SPNs. In this study, we compared 18F-FDG and 3-deoxy-3-[^18F]-fluorothymidine （^18F-FLT） in lung cancer PET/CT imaging. Methods： The binding ratios of the two tracers to A549 lung cancer cells were calculated. The mouse lung cancer model was established （n = 12）, and micro-PET/CT analysis using the two tracers was performed. Images using the two tracers were collected from 55 lung cancer patients with SPNs. The correlation among the cell-tracer binding ratios, standardized uptake values （SUVs）, and Ki-67 proliferation marker expression were investigated. Results： The cell-tracer binding ratio for the A549 cells using the ^18F-FDG was greater than the ratio using 18F-FLT （P 〈 0.05）. The Ki-67 expression showed a significant positive correlation with the ^18F-FLT binding ratio （r = 0.824, P〈 0.01）. The tumor-to-nontumor uptake ratio of ^18F-FDG imaging in xenografts was higher than that of ^18F-FLT imaging. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and the accuracy of ^18F-FDG for lung cancer were 89%, 67%, and 73%, respectively. Moreover, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and the accuracy of ^18F-FLT for lung cancer were 71%, 79%, and 76%, respectively. There was an obvious positive correlation between the lung cancer Ki-67 expression and the mean maximum SUV of ^18F-FDG and ^18F-FLT （r = 0.658, P〈 0.05 and r = 0.724, P〈 0.01, respectively）. Conclusions： The ^18F-FDG uptake ratio is higher than that of ^18F-FLT in A549 cells at the cellular level.^18F-FLT imaging might be superior for the quantitative diagnosis of lung tumor tissue and could distinguish lung cancer nodules from other SPNs.
