Clinical Nursing Intervention of Moxibustion on Abdominal Distension Symptoms in Heart Failure (Heart and Kidney Yang Deficiency and Blood Stasis Blocking Collaterals Syndrome)

Objective:To investigate the clinical nursing intervention effect of moxibustion on abdominal distension symptoms in heart failure(heart and kidney yang deficiency and blood stasis blocking collaterals syndrome).Methods:62 patients with heart failure(heart and kidney yang deficiency and blood stasis blocking collaterals syndrome)admitted to our hospital from February 2023 to February 2024 were selected and divided into the observation group(n=31)and the control group(n=31)by using the random numerical table method.The control group adopted conventional nursing interventions,and the observation group received the nursing program of the control group with the addition of moxibustion nursing interventions.The nursing effectiveness,quality of life scores,and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results:The nursing effectiveness of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05);the quality of life score of the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05);the nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The use of moxibustion nursing intervention in patients with heart failure(heart and kidney yang deficiency and blood stasis blocking collaterals syndrome)can effectively relieve the symptoms of abdominal distension,improve patients'quality of life,and increase nursing satisfaction,which has promotion and application values.

Therapeutic effect and apoptosis mechanism of lung-tonifying and expectorant decoction on lung cancer rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis

Objective:To explore the effect and specific mechanism of lung-tonifying and expectorant decoction on lung cancer rats with Qi deficiency and blood stasis,and aim to provide a new idea on treating the disease with traditional Chinese medicine based on syndrome differentiation.Methods:A total of 60 C57BL/6J male rats were included in the study.The model of Qi deficiency and blood stasis was established in 60 rats by using multiple-factor stimulation.About 10 rats were randomly taken to verify whether the model establishment was successful and the rest of 50 rats were divided into 5 groups with 10 rats each:blank control group,cisplatin group,low dose group,medium dose group and high dose group.The blank control group was treated with normal saline,and cisplatin group was treated with cisplatin while the other three groups were treated with lung-tonifying and expectorant decoction at different doses.The volume change in transplanted tumor,tumor inhibition rate,apoptosis rate,and expression of Bc1-2,Bax.cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 in 5 groups were compared.Results:The rapidest growth rate of transplanted tumor volume was observed in blank control group and the slowest in cisplatin group.The growth rate was gradually decreased with the increasing dose of lung-tonifying and expectorant decoction,and the difference in growth of tumor volume among groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).The cisplatin group showed the highest tumor inhibition rate,with dose-dependent increase(P<0.05).The apoptosis rate in low dose group was higher than blank control group but lower than high dose group(P<0.05).The apoptosis rate in medium dose group was significantly higher man blank control group(P).05).The apoptosis rate in high dose group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).The positive expression rates of Bel-2 and Bax in all groups showed statistically significant difference(P<0.05),while expression of cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9 in 5 groups was significantly different,with dose-dependent increase(P<0.05).Conclusions:The lung-tonifying and expectorant decoction inhibits the proliferation of tumor cells by inducing and activating the cell apoptosis in treatment of lung cancer with Qi deficiency and blood stasis,probably with good clinical therapeutic effect.

Clinical observation on efficacy of compound of warming yang, descending turbidity and dredging collaterals in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease with Yin-Yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of compound of owarming yang,descending turbidity and dredging collaterals in the treatment of diabetic kidney disease with yin-yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome.Methods:Seventy-six patients of diabetic kidney disease with yin-yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome were randomly divided into observation group and control group,thirty-eight cases in each group.The control group was given conventional western medicine treatment,while the observation group took compound of owarming yang,descending turbidity and dredging collaterals orally on the basis of conventional western medicine treatment.The course of treatment covered for one month.Before and after treatment,we observed the scores of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms,indicators of renal function[serum creatinine(Scr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),microalbuminuria(MALB)],indicators of glucose metabolism[fasting plasma glucose(FPG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc)],indicators of hemorheology[plasma viscosity(PV),platelet aggregation rate(PAR),fibrinogen(FIB)],Cystatin-C(Cys-C),C-reactive protein(CRP)in the two groups.Results:After treatment,the clinical effect of the observation group was significantly better than the control group(P<0.05).The scores of traditional Chinese medicine symptoms,indicators of renal function(Scr、BUN、UAER),indicators of glucose metabolism(FPG、2hPG、HbAlc),indicators of hemorheology(PV、PAR、FIB),Cys-C and CRP in the two groups were decreased significantly compared with those before treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease in the observation group was superior to that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Compound of warming yang,descending turbidity and dredging collaterals has remarkable efficacy in treating of diabetic kidney disease patients with yin-yang deficiency and blood stasis syndrome by alleviating clinical symptoms,glucose metabolism,renal function and microcirculatory disturbance,and the mechanism related to alleviation of microinflammation.

“肺虚络瘀”病机观与氧化应激在慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病过程中相关性探讨

将“肺虚络瘀”病机观为作为慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,COPD)发病的核心理论指导以探讨其与氧化应激的相关性,结合对COPD机制的现代临床调查与实验研究,对COPD病理改变过程中出现的氧化应激进行分析与探讨,认为氧化应激是COPD的重要病机之一;从肺虚对机体氧化-抗氧化平衡调节失调,提出COPD氧化-抗氧化失衡是肺虚的微观病理表现基础;氧化应激及其产生的病理改变与“肺虚络瘀”具有相同的病机改变表现;通补肺络法通过调节机体的氧化-抗氧化水平,减轻氧化应激,延缓COPD进程,从这3个方面深入探究COPD的“肺虚络瘀”病机制论与氧化应激的相关性,全面阐释COPD“肺虚络瘀”病机观的科学内涵,并从分子机制水平上诠释从肺络论治COPD的作用机制与靶点,为COPD的中医药治疗与其治疗机制研究提供新的思路及科学依据。

基于气络学说运用芪归通络口服液联合艾灸治疗气虚血瘀型慢性疲劳综合征的临床观察

【目的】观察基于气络学说,运用芪归通络口服液(广东省第二中医院院内制剂,由黄芪、当归、三七、赤芍、牛膝、鸡血藤、丹参、地龙等中药组成)联合艾灸治疗气虚血瘀型慢性疲劳综合征(chronic fatigue syndrome,CFS)的临床疗效。【方法】采用回顾性研究方法,根据治疗方法的不同将60例气虚血瘀型CFS患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各30例。对照组给予艾条温和灸神阙穴治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合芪归通络口服液治疗,疗程为4周。观察2组患者治疗前后中医证候积分、疲劳量表-14(FS-14)评分、血清免疫球蛋白IgA、IgM、IgG含量及皮质醇(COR)水平的变化情况,并评价2组患者的临床疗效和安全性。【结果】(1)疗效方面,治疗4周后,观察组的总有效率为96.67%(29/30),对照组为80.00%(24/30),组间比较,观察组的临床疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)量表评分方面,治疗后,2组患者的中医证候积分、FS-14评分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.01),且观察组对中医证候积分、FS-14评分的降低作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)实验室指标方面,治疗后,2组患者血清IgA、IgG水平以及观察组血清IgM、COR水平均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.01),且观察组对血清IgA、IgM、IgG及COR水平的升高作用均明显优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。(4)安全性方面,治疗过程中,2组患者均未发生明显不良反应。【结论】基于中医气络学说,以正虚络阻为CFS核心病机,运用补虚通络法,采用芪归通络口服液联合艾灸治疗气虚血瘀型CFS患者疗效确切,能明显缓解患者的临床症状,提高患者的免疫力水平,调节患者的神经-内分泌-免疫(NEI)网络。

基于“久病入络”理论探讨“从虚而始,因虚致瘀,瘀痹骨络”的激素性股骨头坏死核心病机观

激素性股骨头坏死(Steroid-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head, SONFH)是骨科常见疾病,随着激素应用率提升其发病率也逐年增加。随着“久病入络”理论的研究不断深入,特此提出“从虚而始,因虚致瘀,瘀痹骨络”为激素性股骨头坏死发病病机,强调药邪是SONFH的致病因素,肝脾肾三脏亏虚是SONFH发病基础,脏腑亏虚,功能减退,血行涩滞导致SONFH进展,瘀血痹阻骨络是SONFH的病机关键,以期建立“从虚而始,因虚致瘀,瘀痹骨络”的特色辨治体系,为中医药治疗SONFH提供理论基础。

芪珍胶囊联合NP方案化疗对气虚血瘀兼瘀阻化热型非小细胞肺癌患者的治疗效果

目的探讨芪珍胶囊联合长春瑞滨+顺铂(NP)方案化疗对气虚血瘀兼瘀阻化热型非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者的治疗效果。方法根据治疗方法的不同将82例气虚血瘀兼瘀阻化热型NSCLC患者分为对照组(n=41,NP方案化疗)和观察组(n=41,芪珍胶囊联合NP方案化疗)。比较观察组和对照组、不同病理类型及临床分期观察组患者的临床疗效。比较两组患者的生活质量和体重改善情况、气虚血瘀兼瘀阻化热症状改善情况、血常规指标[红细胞(RBC)、白细胞(WBC)、血小板计数(PLT)、血红蛋白(Hb)]及免疫功能指标(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))。结果观察组患者的总有效率明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.01)。观察组中,鳞状细胞癌、腺癌、腺鳞癌患者的总有效率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。观察组中,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期NSCLC患者的总有效率比较,差异有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者的生活质量改善率明显高于对照组(P﹤0.01),两组患者体重改善率比较,差异无统计学意义(P﹥0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者气虚血瘀兼瘀阻化热各症状改善率均高于对照组(P﹤0.05)。治疗后,观察组患者WBC、PLT、CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均高于对照组,CD8^(+)水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P﹤0.05)。结论芪珍胶囊联合NP方案化疗不仅可提高气虚血瘀兼瘀阻化热型NSCLC患者的临床疗效和生活质量,还可改善患者的症状、血常规指标及免疫功能。

基于络病理论探讨“肾虚络瘀”病机观在老年慢性肾脏病中与细胞自噬不足相关性

以中医络病理论为指导,结合现代临床与基础研究,提出老年慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)主要病机为“肾虚络瘀”,年老肾虚气化不足,致湿浊、血瘀阻滞肾络,其病理过程与衰老过程中细胞自噬不足、病理产物清除减少损伤肾脏具有相同的病机演变格局,补虚通络法通过调控细胞自噬发挥肾脏保护作用,延缓老年CKD进展。通过探讨老年CKD“肾虚络瘀”的科学内涵,进一步从分子水平解释老年CKD的作用机制及靶点,为该病的中医治疗及其机制研究提供新的研究思路和科学依据。

基于气阴两虚夹瘀运用五参汤治疗肺癌术后发热浅析

肺癌术后发热有非感染性发热与感染性发热之分,在气虚、阴虚、瘀血阻滞病理状态下形成热蕴状态,是为非感染性发热;而术中感染或外感风寒入里化热则形成感染性发热表现。其基本病机均可概括为气阴两虚夹瘀。五参汤具有益气养阴、清热解毒之功,为证属正气亏虚、外感邪毒者而设,用于肺癌术后发热契合其病机。

范伏元教授从“络脉不和”论治肺结节经验

范伏元教授基于络脉沟通内外、渗灌气血、联系脏腑的生理特点,从肺痹、肺积认识肺结节,以络脉不和为肺结节根本病机,从伏邪凝痰痹络、胃络不和痰瘀结为窠囊进行阐发,以“通络开痹,和荣散结”“和胃逐瘀,安神化浊”为核心治法,分别以疏风宣肺汤、加味温胆汤处方辨治,将宏观脏腑辨证调和诸脏与微观络脉辨证调和络脉营卫气血津液沟通渗灌相结合,临床疗效确切。

基于“结者散之”辨治肺结节痰瘀互结证

肺结节之病机为肺气亏虚,外邪入体,肺之气络、血络先后受邪,气络生痰,血络生瘀,气络之痰与血络之瘀搏结成块,发而为病。从《黄帝内经》“结者散之”理论入手,治以清肺通络、祛痰化瘀为主,佐以疏肝理气,健脾渗湿之法,为肺结节的中医辨证及组方思路提供一定的借鉴与参考。

基于络病理论探究lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络中医药防治特发性肺纤维化

特发性肺纤维化(IPF)是一种致命的间质性肺疾病。最近的研究已经确定IPF中失调的上皮细胞、间充质、免疫和内皮细胞之间与非编码RNA存在着某种联系。文章总结lncRNA、miRNA和mRNA之间的相互影响,通过“ceRNA”机制,形成了lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络,并在肺纤维化中作用显著。近年来,随着络病理论的不断发展,作者基于肺络构效理论,探析在IPF进程中“肺虚络瘀”与lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA调控网络的相关性,并为IPF的发病机制和治疗提供新的理论。

基于“络病学说”探析视网膜动脉阻塞的诊疗

视网膜动脉阻塞(RAO)是眼科危急重症,主要表现为无痛性视力下降,发病率较高,预后不佳。目前,西医治疗RAO仍无法获得满意的疗效,中医治疗RAO具有独特的优势,而络病理论的发展又为该病的诊疗提供了新的视角。本文基于络脉与视网膜微小动脉解剖与功能的一致性,试将络病学说应用于RAO的诊疗,提出本病的发病基础为络虚不荣,病机关键为邪瘀阻络。在通络原则指导下,治疗上可应用辛味、虫类、藤类药祛邪通络,补益药通补络虚,辅以穴位针刺,为RAO的诊疗提供新思路。

基于“脾在味为甘”理论扭转特发性肺纤维化“肺虚络瘀”病机观初探

特发性肺纤维化(idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis,IPF)由于预后极差、治疗手段有限等成为全球范围内较为重要的健康问题之一,给人们带来了巨大的经济和社会负担,因此如何有效治疗IPF已成为亟待解决的重大难题。IPF发病在肺,“脾”“肺”互为母子关系,肺脏盛衰受脾脏影响,文章通过脾藏象理论阐释特发性肺纤维化“肺虚络瘀”病机观,明晰“脾在味为甘”科学内涵,“脾喜甘味-甘易伤脾-甘能补脾”为“脾在味为甘”生理、病理、治疗基础的关键轴,“甜味觉受体-肠道菌群-IPF”为“脾在味为甘”干预疾病进程的病理链条。通过经脉、五行、气血、痰瘀角度论述从脾治疗IPF的理论基础,依据甘味“甘补”“甘和”“甘缓”的特性补虚荣络、寓通于补、缓攻延效从而改善IPF患者预后,将中医理论和西医机制结合为临床特发性肺纤维化辨证施治与遣方用药开辟新思路与新方向,对延缓疾病进程有着重要意义。

从中医病机探析肺癌肿瘤微环境

肺癌是当今世界发病率和死亡率一直居高不下的恶性肿瘤,严重威胁着人民的生命健康。现代医学对肺癌的治疗基本经历了3场变革——传统的放化疗、精准靶向治疗、免疫治疗。其中免疫治疗主要通过适应性免疫系统来监视并杀伤肿瘤细胞,当下热门的嵌合抗原受体T细胞免疫疗法正是通过增强T细胞靶向杀伤肿瘤细胞的能力,达到抗癌的目的。而免疫细胞是肿瘤微环境(TME)的一部分,可见,干预TME已然成为攻克癌症的着眼点。根据中医取类比象思维推测肺癌TME,并将其病机归纳为:免疫逃逸类似营卫失和、肺卫不固;缺氧微环境类似肺脾肾气虚;酸性微环境类似痰湿阻肺;炎性微环境类似痰瘀癌毒积聚。提示以肺癌TME与中医病机契合点为指导,为中医药治疗肺癌提供遣方用药的参考依据。

肺纤康颗粒联合吡非尼酮治疗肺虚络瘀型特发性肺纤维化的临床研究

目的探讨肺纤康颗粒治疗肺虚络瘀型特发性肺纤维化(IPF)患者的临床疗效。方法纳入2023年11月~2024年5月就诊于南华大学附属第一医院中医科及衡阳市中医医院肺病科的42例IPF患者,随机分为对照组与治疗组,每组各21例。对照组采用吡非尼酮联合安慰剂口服,治疗组采用吡非尼酮联合肺纤康颗粒口服,两组均治疗3个月。治疗后,比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后的中医证候积分、圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评分、6分钟步行距离(6MWD)、肺功能、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、胸部高分辨CT(HRCT)评分以及血清Ⅲ型胶原蛋白(Ⅲ-C)、Ⅳ型胶原蛋白(Ⅳ-C)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)水平的差异。结果对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为71.43%和90.47%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组治疗后比较,治疗组中医证候积分、SGRQ症状评分及疾病影响评分、血清MDA、Ⅲ-C、Ⅳ-C水平明显降低(P<0.05);一氧化碳弥散量(DLCO)、PaO_(2)、血清SOD水平明显升高(P<0.05)。结论肺纤康颗粒与吡非尼酮合用具有协同增效作用,能延缓IPF病情进展,其疗效优于吡非尼酮单药治疗。作用机制可能与抑制MDA产生、提高SOD水平,减轻氧化应激反应有关。

火龙罐辅助治疗心肺气虚、血瘀饮停慢性心力衰竭患者的效果

目的:探讨火龙罐辅助治疗心肺气虚、血瘀饮停慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)患者的效果。方法:选择2022年2月—2023年8月厦门市中医院心血管科确诊的120例心肺气虚、血瘀饮停CHF患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法将患者分为两组,每组60例。对照组接受常规西医治疗,观察组在此基础实施火龙罐辅助治疗,比较两组治疗前后心功能分级、中医症候积分、明尼苏达心力衰竭生活质量问卷(Minnesota living heart failure questionnaire,MLHFQ)评分、N末端B型脑钠尿肽前体(N terminal pro B type natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)水平、临床效果及随访6个月再住院情况。结果:观察组治疗后心功能分级低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组治疗后中医症候积分、MLHFQ评分、NT-proBNP水平低于对照组,且观察组治疗前后中医症候积分、MLHFQ评分、NT-proBNP差值大于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组临床效果优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组随访6个月再住院率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:火龙罐辅助治疗有助于改善心肺气虚、血瘀饮停CHF患者心功能分级、中医症候积分,提升生活质量,降低NT-proBNP水平,提高临床效果。

基于“伏邪理论”探讨中医药抗溃疡性结肠炎复发的诊疗策略

溃疡性结肠炎(ulcerative colitis,UC)是一种病因尚未阐明的好发于直肠和结肠的慢性炎症性疾病,目前尚无确切有效的治疗方法,其具有周期性、反复发作等发病特点,此与中医学“伏邪理论”认识趋同。该文试从中医“伏邪理论”入手,回顾相关典籍,结合本团队的临床经验,对UC的中医发病机制进行重新探讨。认为湿热、瘀血是伏邪的重要组成部分,脾虚是伏邪产生的基础,而伏邪所致的肠络受损是UC发生的病理基础,因此临证遣方用药时谨遵扶正祛邪、透邪外出的治疗总纲,提出清热利湿是祛除伏邪的首要治则,健脾温中为重要保障,理气活血是主要方式,而顾护胃气则需贯穿治疗始终,由此创立的清肠温中方具有明显的临床疗效,并能有效防治UC的复发。该文分别从“伏邪理论”源流、伏邪在UC发病中的特点及在诊疗中的应用等探讨了中医药抗UC复发的诊疗策略,并附本团队防治UC复发的经验,以期对该病的临床治疗有所裨益。

从“治虚三本”及缓中补虚论治癌因性疲乏

癌因性疲乏(CRF)属中医学虚劳范畴,明代医家汪绮石提出的“治虚三本”理论和张仲景《金匮要略》中记载的缓中补虚法对治疗虚劳具有重要的参考价值。“治虚三本”理论确立清肺、健脾、补肾为治疗虚劳的基本法则,缓中补虚是缓中焦之里急,补劳极之虚损,需通过活血、清热、理气等药物的综合作用来实现。CRF患者多气血亏耗日久,血行不畅,久病成瘀,单纯补益则易壅塞,单纯活血则更伤正。因此,治疗CRF应将补益与活血相结合,以“治虚三本”理论为指导,从调补肺脾肾三脏入手,并运用缓中补虚之法,祛瘀生新,如此消补兼施,以通助补,促进正气恢复。

哮病-喘证-肺胀病因病机辑要

目的现代医学哮喘-慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)重叠(ACO)临床表现与中医文献哮病、喘证、肺胀等描述较为接近,特征为人群多发、发作更频繁、肺功能下降更快、病理机制不明等,全球哮喘防治创议(GINA)等相关国际医学学术组织长期关注ACO研究,目前诊断标准不统一,治疗手段仍较为局限。中医对于哮喘和慢阻肺的认识源远流长,古代文献中有详细的对哮喘病名、病因病机的记载,据慢阻肺特有的临床症状,发现自秦汉以来对于此病有诸多记载,探求古代文献发现慢阻肺与哮喘虽属不同疾病,但其病因相累,病机相联,均属本虚标实之证,故可相合并病。文章通过古代中医文献梳理哮喘和慢阻肺病因病机,结合现代医家研究成果,整理出ACO病因包括外邪侵袭、七情过用、饮食失宜、体质因素4个方面,病机从肝肾亏虚、痰瘀互结、痰热郁肺方面阐述ACO以期提供诊疗新思路。