Background and objective EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs) were used to treat non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation positive. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of first line...Background and objective EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs) were used to treat non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation positive. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of first line TKIs;gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib in the treatment of advanced stage NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation positive in the Indonesian population.Methods A retrospective cohort study of 88 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation positive treated with gefitinib(n=59), erlotinib(n=22), and afatinib(n=7) was performed in national cancer hospital in Indonesia.Inclusion criteria were stage IIIb or IV NSCLC with adenocarcinoma subtype. Subjects less than 18 years or with a history of other malignancy were excluded. Outcomes were treatment response, progression-free survival(PFS), and mortality rate. Results Complete response, partial response, and stable disease were shown in 1.1%, 35.2%, and 31.8% of subjects, respectively. There were 31.8% of subjects developed progressive disease during treatment. Regarding EGFR mutation positive profile, a total of 56.8% subjects had deletion in exon 19, 42% subjects had mutation in exon 21, and rare mutation in exon 18 was found in 3.4% of total subjects. Demography and clinical characteristics had no significant association with the risk of progressive disease. The median PFS of subjects was 11 months(95%CI: 6.8-15.2 months). There was no statistical difference of PFS between treatment groups.Conclusion Gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib have similar effectiveness in advanced stage NSCLC with EGFR mutation positive. Afatinib tends to be associated with longer PFS but further investigation is required.展开更多
In order to investigate the clinical significance of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin (TF) scintigraphy in the evaluation of lung cancer and mediastinal lymphoid node involvement, 33 patients with pulmo- nary neoplasmas were subje...In order to investigate the clinical significance of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin (TF) scintigraphy in the evaluation of lung cancer and mediastinal lymphoid node involvement, 33 patients with pulmo- nary neoplasmas were subjected to both 99mTc-TF scintigraphies and CT scans in one week before their operations or puncturations. All the images were judged visually and the emission images were analyzed with semi-quantitative methods in addition. The results of each group were compared. There was marked difference in target/non-target (T/N) ratio between the lung cancer group and the benign lesion group (P〈0.001). Moreover, in the lung cancer group, T/N ratio in tomographies was signifi- cantly higher than that in planar images (P〈0.01). The sensitivity and accuracy of semi-quantitative analysis in 99mTc-TF SPECT were significantly higher than those of CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasmas (P〈0.05 and P〈0.01 respectively), so was the sensitivity of 99mTc-TF SPECT vs CT in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoid node metastasis (P〈0.05). It was also found that epidermoid squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas had a higher T/N ratio than in small cell carcinomas (P〈0.05), and 2 h washout rate (WR) of adenocarcinomas was higher than that of epidermoid squamous cell carcinomas (P〈0.05). In conclusion, 99mTc-TF scintigraphy showed a favorable diag- nostic accuracy in appraising lung cancers and mediastinal lymph node metastases. Furthermore semi-quantitative technology can improve the accuracy, and is potential to offer some information about histological type of the cancer tissue. Therefore, 99mTc-TF scintigraphy will be a useful tool in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.展开更多
Background and objective Recent studies have showed that combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy might result in better outcome for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to...Background and objective Recent studies have showed that combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy might result in better outcome for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to determine the maximal tolerance dose (MTD) and efficacy of full-dose gemcitabine and oxaliplatin when given concurrently with 3-dimentional radiation therapy (3D-RT) for locally advanced NSCLC. Methods Oxaliplatin was administered at a fixed dose of 130mg/m^2, and gemcitabine was administered at a starting dose of 800mg/m^2 with an incremental dose gradient of 200mg/m^2 for 3 dose levels. MTD was defined as the immediate dose level lower than the dose at which dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) occurred in more than one-third of the patients. The chemotherapy was administered at 3-week cycle. The RT was given as 3-D conformal manner at a single daily dose of 2Gy for 5 days per week. Results Twenty-two patients were evaluable and distributed to three different dose levels: 6 at level 1, 8 at level 2 and 8 at level 3. Pulmonary toxicity, esophageal and hematologic toxicity were the main DLT. Grade Ⅲ acute pulmonary toxicity occurred in one patient each at level 2 and level 3, both with V20>20%, and grade Ⅲ esophagitis in two patients at level 3. The MTD of gemcitabine in this study was 1000mg/m^2. The overall response rate was 75.0% (9/12). The 1- and 2-year survival rate was 70.0% and 30.5% respectively. The median time to progression was 8.7 months (range 5--11.8 months). Conclusion With reduced radiation volume, gemcitabine of 1000mg/m^2 in combination with oxaliplatin of 130mg/m^2 was effective and could be safely administered for NSCLC.展开更多
Hypermethylation of the gene regulatory regions are common for many cancer diseases. In this work we applied GLAD-PCR assay for identificating of the aberrantly methylated RCGY sites in the regulatory regions of some ...Hypermethylation of the gene regulatory regions are common for many cancer diseases. In this work we applied GLAD-PCR assay for identificating of the aberrantly methylated RCGY sites in the regulatory regions of some downregulated genes in tissue samples of lung cancer(LC). This list includes EFEMP1, EPHA5, HOXA5, HOXA9, LHX1, MYF6, NID2, OTX1, PAX9, RARB, RASSF1 A, RXRG, SIX6, SKOR1 and TERT genes. The results of DNA samples from 40 cancer and 25 normal lung tissues showed a good diagnostic potential of selected RCGY sites in regulatory regions of MYF6, SIX6, RXRG, LHX1, RASSF1 A and TERT genes with relatively high sensitivity(80.0 %) and specificity(88.0 %) of LC detection in tumor DNA.展开更多
Objective: This study was designed to investigate promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in non-small cell lung cancer, and value the role of p14^ARF promoter methylation in carcinogenesis...Objective: This study was designed to investigate promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in non-small cell lung cancer, and value the role of p14^ARF promoter methylation in carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in 40 cases of non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed by methylation specific polymerase china reaction (MSP), restriction enzyme-related polymerase chain reaction (RE-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: The positive rates of p14^ARF promoter methylation in tumor tissues and normal tissues adjacent to cancer were 17.5% (7/40) and 2.5% (1/40) respectively. There were statistically significant differences between them, P〈0.05. The results of RE-PCR were consistent with that of MSP. The expression rate of p14^ARF protein in tumor tissues was significantly lower than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer, p〈0.01. Promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in non-small cell lung cancer showed significantly an inverse correlation (r=-0.56, P〈0.01), and both of them did not relate statistically with the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients such as histological classification, clinical stage, differentiation grade and lymph node involvement. Conclusion: Promoter methylation is a crucial mechanism of inactivation of p14^ARF gene. Promoter methylation of p14^ARF gene might he involved in carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer, and is an early event in development process of non-small cell lung cancer. It might be used as a new target in gene treatments in the future.展开更多
Objectives: To investigate the methylation status of the CDKN2/pl6 gene 5′-CpG island, and study the relationship between the CDKN2/pl6 gene inactivation by methylation and lung cancer. Methods: Genomic DNA extracted...Objectives: To investigate the methylation status of the CDKN2/pl6 gene 5′-CpG island, and study the relationship between the CDKN2/pl6 gene inactivation by methylation and lung cancer. Methods: Genomic DNA extracted from the specimens of lung cancer and normal lung tissue was digested with methylation-sensitive endonucleases, and Southern blotting was used to analyze the methylation status of the CDKN2/pl6 gene in 89 cases of lung cancer and 10 cases of normal lung tissue. Results: In 89 cases of lung cancer studied, the CDKN2/pl6 gene was shown to be methylated in 21 cases with the total methylation rate of 23.6% (21/89), in which there were 15 cases (16.9%) methylated atSmaI sites, 12 cases (13.5%) atSmaI sites and 6 cases at bothSmaI andSacII sites. The methylation of the CDKN2/pl6 gene occurred in 17 among 42 of pl6 protein negative cases of lung cancer with a rate of 40.5% (17/42), and in 3 among 47 of pl6 protein positive cases with a rate of 6.4% (3/47). The CDKN2/pl6 gene was not methylated in 10 cases of normal lung tissue. Conclusion: The aberrant methylation of the CDKN2/pl6 gene 5′-CpG island is probably an important mechanism of the gene inactivation, it may be involved in the genesis and progress of lung cancer.展开更多
Objective: To study on the effect of MRP gene overexpression on prognosis of patients with non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissues from 47 cases of NSCLC who had undergone radical tumor rese...Objective: To study on the effect of MRP gene overexpression on prognosis of patients with non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissues from 47 cases of NSCLC who had undergone radical tumor resection were examined for expression of MRP gene mRNA by in situ hybridization using labelled digoxigenin probes combined with immunohistochemistry. All the patients were retrospectively followed-up. Results: All of the 47 lung cancer specimens were found to have overexpression of MRP gene mRNA. It was significantly correlated with patients' survival time, response to chemotherapy, recurrence or metastases after surgery, but was not correlated with histology, tumor size, node status, TNM stage, degree of differentiation, age and sex. Conclusion: Overexpression of MRP gene is a marker of prognostic significance in patients with NSCLC.展开更多
Mediastinal or N2 disease is the most important factor in selecting the optimal treatment strategy in patients without distant metastasis.A direct surgical resection has not generally been accepted as a treatment moda...Mediastinal or N2 disease is the most important factor in selecting the optimal treatment strategy in patients without distant metastasis.A direct surgical resection has not generally been accepted as a treatment modality in whom mediastinal nodal involvement is demonstrated.Patients with lung cancer can be diagnosed as clinical N2 disease based on CT and PET-CT characteristics of the mediastinum and the clinical presentation.Invasive diagnostic modalities used in the detection of N2 disease are:mediastinoscopy,endoesophageal ultrasound guided biopsy(EUS),transbronchial needle aspiration(TBNA),endobronchial ultrasound guided biopsy(EBUS),video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS),and mediastinotomy/extended mediastinoscopy.In this article,the author discusses about invasive and noninvasive techniques on the evaluation of mediastinal disease and presents his experience on this topic.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the co-expression of drug resistance- and apoptosis-related genes of cisplatin (CDDP)-selected lung adenocarcinoma cell line A 549 DDP for compared to the parental cell line A549, and reverse...Objective: To investigate the co-expression of drug resistance- and apoptosis-related genes of cisplatin (CDDP)-selected lung adenocarcinoma cell line A 549 DDP for compared to the parental cell line A549, and reverse of drug resistance by antisense s-oligodeoxynucleotides (S-ODNs) of differentially expressed genes. Methods: Sense and antisense S-ODN were transferred into A 549 DDP cells by lipofectin. The expression of drug resistance and apoptosis related genes was examined by RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, respectively. Apoptostic cells were identified by DNA electrophoresis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated biotin dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL). Drug resistance of tumor cells was detected by a cell viability (MTT) assay. Results: The expression of bcl-2 was positive and that of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) at mRNA and protein level was increased in A 549 DDP compared to A549 cells. MDR1, c-myc and topoisomeras II (TOPO II) were similarly co-expressed in two cell lines. Both cell lines were negative for c-erbB-2 expression. In A 549 DDP cells, the expression of bcl-2 and MRP was significantly inhibited by their respective antisense S-ODNs. Antisense S-ODNs could also decrease significantly drug resistance of A 549 DDP cells to CDDP by promoting cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance were involved in co-expression of multiple MDR-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma. Cooperation of bcl-2 and MRP genes appeared to play an important action to confer the resistance of A 549 DDP cells to CDDP. Their antisense S-ODNs are responsible for the decrease of drug resistance of this cell line by promoting apoptosis.展开更多
Objective To identify specific biomarkers that could improve early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) technology. Methods Serum samples were isolated from 17 pat...Objective To identify specific biomarkers that could improve early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) technology. Methods Serum samples were isolated from 17 patients with stage Ⅰ lung adenocarcinoma and 17 age-and sex-matched healthy controls,and the serum proteomic profiles were obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Results Compared with healthy control group,two highly expressed potential biomarkers were identified with the relative molecular weights of 6 631.64 Da and 4 964.21 Da. The two best novel protein peaks were automatically chosen for the system training and the development of the constructed model. The constructed model was then used to test an independent set of masked serum samples from 15 lung adenocarcinoma patients and 22 healthy individuals. The analysis yielded a sensitivity of 93.3%,and a specificity of 95.5%. Conclusion These results suggest that MALDI-TOF-MS ProteinChip technology is a quick,convenient,and high-output analyzing method that is capable of selecting several relatively potential biomarkers from the serum of lung adenocarcinoma patients and may have a clinical value in the future,and will provide clues to identifying new serologic biomarkers of lung adenocarcinoma.展开更多
Objective G719 X is the most frequently seen uncommon mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) gene, which is a point mutation at exon 18 with three common subtypes, G719 A/G719 C/G719 S. This study expl...Objective G719 X is the most frequently seen uncommon mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) gene, which is a point mutation at exon 18 with three common subtypes, G719 A/G719 C/G719 S. This study explored the clinicopathological characteristics of the G719 X mutation and investigated the efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI) treatment and chemotherapy in patients with the G719 X mutation; the survival rate after these different treatment modalities were then analyzed in order to provide evidence for clinical treatment.Methods Clinical data of 41 patients with the G719 X mutation admitted in the Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University from September 2014 to July 2018, were collected and the EGFR mutations were detected by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction(ARMS-PCR). The clinicopathological characteristics of the G719 X mutation were analyzed, and the relationship among the G719 X mutation, the efficacy of different treatment modalities, and the progression-free survival(PFS) was analyzed. Results Of the 41 cases, 24(58.5%) were G719 X single mutations and 17(41.5%) were compound mutations, including G719 X/S768 I, G719 X/L861 Q, G719 X/19 del, and G719 X/c-Met compound mutation. The objective response rate(ORR) of first-line EGFR-TKI therapy was 50%(6/12), the disease control rate(DCR) was 83.3%(10/12), and the median PFS(mPFS) was 9 months. After resistance to EGFR-TKI in the previous treatment, the ORR(71.4%, 5/7) and DCR(100%, 7/7) were still high following EGFR-TKIs, by an mPFS of 8 months. The ORR of chemotherapy was 33.3%(2/6), the DCR was 100%(6/6), and the mPFS was 6 months. Conclusion G719 X is an uncommon mutation of the EGFR gene and is sensitive to many EGFR-TKIs. It can be treated with the second-or third-generation EGFR-TKIs after resistance to the first-generation EGFR-TKIs. G719 X mutation also showed favorable effect to chemotherapy.展开更多
Background and Objective:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is known for its propensity for distant metastases.Lung metastasis is one of the most important causes of death for patients with NPC.Solitary metastatic lung tu...Background and Objective:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is known for its propensity for distant metastases.Lung metastasis is one of the most important causes of death for patients with NPC.Solitary metastatic lung tumor from NPC is a distinctive group associated with a better survival.This study was to find a more effective treatment modality and prognostic factors for the group.Methods:Clinical data of 105 cases of solitary metastatic lung tumor from NPC were retrospectively analyzed.Survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method.The difference of survival between the patients treated by different modalities was evaluated by the log-rank test.The Cox univariate and multivariate analyses of gender, age, pathologic type, stage, adjuvant chemotherapy, evaluation of treatment for NPC, disease-free interval, size of metastatic tumor, pulmonary hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node metastasis, treatment modalities, recurrent distant metastases and/or relapse of NPC were conducted.Results:The local control rate was 53.8% in chemotherapy group, 88.0% in radiotherapy +/-chemotherapy group, and 96.4% in operation +/-chemotherapy group (P<0.01).The most promising progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were obtained with operation +/-chemotherapy and followed by radiotherapy +/-chemotherapy.Both of them showed much better efficacy than chemotherapy (P<0.001).The Cox multivariate analysis showed that recurrent distant metastases and/or relapse of NPC affected the survival (OR=2.087, 95% CI=1.277-3.410, P=0.003).The T stage of NPC, size of metastatic tumor, hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node metastasis, and the treatment modality were independent prognostic factors.Conclusions:Operation +/-chemotherapy and radiotherapy +/-chemotherapy are better treatment of solitary metastatic lung tumor from NPC, which could improve the local control and prolong the PFS and OS.Chemotherapy is recommended for patients with higher T stage of NPC, size of metastatic tumor ≥3 cm, pulmonary hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node metastasis.展开更多
Background and objective:Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations are often associated with non-EGFR genetic alterations,which maybe a reason for the poor efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs).Here ...Background and objective:Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations are often associated with non-EGFR genetic alterations,which maybe a reason for the poor efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs).Here we conducted this study to explore whether EGFR-TKIs combined with chemotherapy would benefit advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with both sensitive EGFR mutation and concomitant non-EGFR genetic alterations.Materials and methods:Cases of advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutation combined with concomitant nonEGFR genetic alterations were retrospectively collected.And the patients were required to receive first-line EGFR-TKIs and chemotherapy combination or EGFR-TKIs monotherapy.Demographic,clinical and pathological data were collected,and the electronic imaging data were retrieved to evaluate the efficacy and time of disease progression.Survival data were obtained through face-to-face or telephone follow-up.The differences between the two groups in objective response rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR),progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were investigated.Results:107 patients were included,including 63 cases in the combination group and 44 cases in the monotherapy group.The ORR were 78%and 50%(P=0.003),and DCR were 97%and 77%(P=0.002),respectively.At a median follow-up of 13.7 mon,a PFS event occurred in 38.1%and 81.8%of patients in the two groups,with median PFS of18.8 mon and 5.3 mon,respectively(P<0.000,1).Median OS was unreached in the combination group,and 27.8 mon in the monotherapy group(P=0.31).According to the Cox multivariate regression analysis,combination therapy was an independent prognostic factor of PFS.Conclusion:In patients with EGFR-mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma with concomitant non-EGFR genetic alterations,combination of TKIs and chemotherapy was significantly superior to EGFR-TKIs monotherapy,which should be the preferred treatment option.展开更多
MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that hybridize to mRNAs and induce either translation repression or mRNA cleavage.Recently,it has been reported that miRNAs could possibly play a critical role in cellu...MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that hybridize to mRNAs and induce either translation repression or mRNA cleavage.Recently,it has been reported that miRNAs could possibly play a critical role in cellular processes like regulation of cell growth,differentiation,and apoptosis,emphasizing their role in tumorigenesis.Likewise,several miRNA's are involved in lung cancer tumorigenesis.The present review puts forth a database of human miRNA's involved in lung cancer along with their target genes.It also provides sequences of miRNA's and their chromosomal locations retrieved from different databases like microCosm(218 microRNAs),PhenomiR(293 microRNAs),and mir2Disease(90 microRNAs) and target gene information such as the pathways like cell cycle regulation,angiogenesis,apoptosis etc.Though miRNA's are still to be explored,they hold a promise as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers of cancer.展开更多
The phamacogenetics is being used to predict whether the selected chemotherapy will be really effective and tolerable to the patient. Irinotecan,oxidized by CYP3A4 to produce inactive compounds,is used for treatment o...The phamacogenetics is being used to predict whether the selected chemotherapy will be really effective and tolerable to the patient. Irinotecan,oxidized by CYP3A4 to produce inactive compounds,is used for treatment of various cancers including advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. CYP3A4*16B polymorphism was associated with decreased metabolism of irrinotecan. Irinotecan is also metabolized by carboxylesterase to its principal active metabolite,SN-38,which is subsequently glucuronidated by UGT1As to form the inactive compound SN-38G. UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6 polymorphisms were useful for predicting severe toxicity with NSCLC patients treated with irinotecan-based chemotherapy. Platinum-based compounds (cisplatin,carboplatin) are being used in combination with new cytotoxic drugs such as gemcitabine,paclitaxel,docetaxel,or vinorelbine in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Cisplatin activity is mediated through the formation of cisplatin-DNA adducts. Gene polymorphisms of DNA repair factors are therefore obvious candidates for determinants of repair capacity and chemotherapy efficacy. ERCC1,XRCC1 and XRCC3 gene polymorphisms were a useful marker for predicting better survival in advanced NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. XPA and XPD polymorphisms significantly increased response to platinum-based chemotherapy. These DNA repair gene polymorphisms were useful as a predictor of clinical outcome to the platinum-based chemotherapy. EGFR kinase inhibitors induce dramatic clinical responses in NSCLC patients with advanced disease. EGFR gene polymorphism in intron 1 contains a polymorphic single sequence dinucleotide repeat (CA-SSR) showed a statistically significant correlation with the gefitinib response and was appeared to be a useful predictive marker of the development of clinical outcome containing skin rashes with gefitinib treatment. The other polymorphisms of EGFR were also associated with increased EGFR promoter activity. EGFR gene mutations and polymorphisms were also associated with EGFR kinase inhibitors response and toxicity.展开更多
Objective: This study aims to establish a method for highly parallel multiplexed detection of genetic mutations in Chinese lung cancer samples through Agena i PLEX chemistry and matrix-assisted laser desorption ioniza...Objective: This study aims to establish a method for highly parallel multiplexed detection of genetic mutations in Chinese lung cancer samples through Agena i PLEX chemistry and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight analysis on Mass ARRAY mass spectrometry platform.Methods: We reviewed the related literature and data on lung cancer treatments. We also identified 99 mutation hot spots in 13 target genes closely related to the pathogenesis, drug resistance, and metastasis of lung cancer. A total of 297 primers, composed of99 paired forward and reverse amplification primers and 99 matched extension primers, were designed using Assay Design software. The detection method was established by analyzing eight cell lines and six lung cancer specimens. The proposed method was then validated through comparisons by using a Lung Carta^(TM) kit. The sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method were evaluated by directly sequencing EGFR and KRAS genes in 100 lung cancer cases.Results: The proposed method was able to detect multiplex genetic mutations in lung cancer cell lines. This finding was consistent with the observations on previously reported mutations. The proposed method can also detect such mutations in clinical lung cancer specimens. This result was consistent with the observations with Lung Carta^(TM) kit. However, an FGFR2 mutation was detected only through the proposed method. The measured sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 96.3%, respectively.Conclusions: The proposed Mass ARRAY technology-based multiplex method can detect genetic mutations in Chinese lung cancer patients. Therefore, the proposed method can be applied to detect mutations in other cancer tissues.展开更多
Background and objective Heparanase has been thought to be a good molecular marker of tumor,and the heparanase expression level was correlated closely with tumor metastasis. In this study,we investigate the effects of...Background and objective Heparanase has been thought to be a good molecular marker of tumor,and the heparanase expression level was correlated closely with tumor metastasis. In this study,we investigate the effects of heparanase on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of lung cancer and the relationship between heparanase expression and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of heparanase,VEGF,VEGF-C protein and microvascular density (MVD),lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in 115 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 45 cases of adjacent normal tissue samples. Results Our results showed that heparanase expression was significantly increased in 91 (79.13%) of the 115 cases and correlated with lymph node metastasis (node positive rate 87.0%; node negative rate 36.8%; P=0.003). Heparanase positive expression cases have significantly higher concentration of microvascular density (MVD) and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) as compared with heparanase negative expression cases (P<0.01,P<0.01,respectively),heparanase expression was significantly correlated with VEGF,VEGF-C expression in NSCLC. Conclusion Heparanase overexpression was associated with angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of lung cancer,targeting of heparanase may represent a significant therapeutic potential for lung cancer.展开更多
文摘Background and objective EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors(EGFR-TKIs) were used to treat non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients with EGFR mutation positive. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of first line TKIs;gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib in the treatment of advanced stage NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation positive in the Indonesian population.Methods A retrospective cohort study of 88 NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation positive treated with gefitinib(n=59), erlotinib(n=22), and afatinib(n=7) was performed in national cancer hospital in Indonesia.Inclusion criteria were stage IIIb or IV NSCLC with adenocarcinoma subtype. Subjects less than 18 years or with a history of other malignancy were excluded. Outcomes were treatment response, progression-free survival(PFS), and mortality rate. Results Complete response, partial response, and stable disease were shown in 1.1%, 35.2%, and 31.8% of subjects, respectively. There were 31.8% of subjects developed progressive disease during treatment. Regarding EGFR mutation positive profile, a total of 56.8% subjects had deletion in exon 19, 42% subjects had mutation in exon 21, and rare mutation in exon 18 was found in 3.4% of total subjects. Demography and clinical characteristics had no significant association with the risk of progressive disease. The median PFS of subjects was 11 months(95%CI: 6.8-15.2 months). There was no statistical difference of PFS between treatment groups.Conclusion Gefitinib, erlotinib, and afatinib have similar effectiveness in advanced stage NSCLC with EGFR mutation positive. Afatinib tends to be associated with longer PFS but further investigation is required.
文摘In order to investigate the clinical significance of 99mTc-Tetrofosmin (TF) scintigraphy in the evaluation of lung cancer and mediastinal lymphoid node involvement, 33 patients with pulmo- nary neoplasmas were subjected to both 99mTc-TF scintigraphies and CT scans in one week before their operations or puncturations. All the images were judged visually and the emission images were analyzed with semi-quantitative methods in addition. The results of each group were compared. There was marked difference in target/non-target (T/N) ratio between the lung cancer group and the benign lesion group (P〈0.001). Moreover, in the lung cancer group, T/N ratio in tomographies was signifi- cantly higher than that in planar images (P〈0.01). The sensitivity and accuracy of semi-quantitative analysis in 99mTc-TF SPECT were significantly higher than those of CT in the diagnosis of pulmonary neoplasmas (P〈0.05 and P〈0.01 respectively), so was the sensitivity of 99mTc-TF SPECT vs CT in the diagnosis of mediastinal lymphoid node metastasis (P〈0.05). It was also found that epidermoid squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarcinomas had a higher T/N ratio than in small cell carcinomas (P〈0.05), and 2 h washout rate (WR) of adenocarcinomas was higher than that of epidermoid squamous cell carcinomas (P〈0.05). In conclusion, 99mTc-TF scintigraphy showed a favorable diag- nostic accuracy in appraising lung cancers and mediastinal lymph node metastases. Furthermore semi-quantitative technology can improve the accuracy, and is potential to offer some information about histological type of the cancer tissue. Therefore, 99mTc-TF scintigraphy will be a useful tool in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer.
文摘Background and objective Recent studies have showed that combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy might result in better outcome for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of this study is to determine the maximal tolerance dose (MTD) and efficacy of full-dose gemcitabine and oxaliplatin when given concurrently with 3-dimentional radiation therapy (3D-RT) for locally advanced NSCLC. Methods Oxaliplatin was administered at a fixed dose of 130mg/m^2, and gemcitabine was administered at a starting dose of 800mg/m^2 with an incremental dose gradient of 200mg/m^2 for 3 dose levels. MTD was defined as the immediate dose level lower than the dose at which dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) occurred in more than one-third of the patients. The chemotherapy was administered at 3-week cycle. The RT was given as 3-D conformal manner at a single daily dose of 2Gy for 5 days per week. Results Twenty-two patients were evaluable and distributed to three different dose levels: 6 at level 1, 8 at level 2 and 8 at level 3. Pulmonary toxicity, esophageal and hematologic toxicity were the main DLT. Grade Ⅲ acute pulmonary toxicity occurred in one patient each at level 2 and level 3, both with V20>20%, and grade Ⅲ esophagitis in two patients at level 3. The MTD of gemcitabine in this study was 1000mg/m^2. The overall response rate was 75.0% (9/12). The 1- and 2-year survival rate was 70.0% and 30.5% respectively. The median time to progression was 8.7 months (range 5--11.8 months). Conclusion With reduced radiation volume, gemcitabine of 1000mg/m^2 in combination with oxaliplatin of 130mg/m^2 was effective and could be safely administered for NSCLC.
基金supported by the Skolkovo Foundation(Under agreement NO.G102/16 06.12.2016г.)
文摘Hypermethylation of the gene regulatory regions are common for many cancer diseases. In this work we applied GLAD-PCR assay for identificating of the aberrantly methylated RCGY sites in the regulatory regions of some downregulated genes in tissue samples of lung cancer(LC). This list includes EFEMP1, EPHA5, HOXA5, HOXA9, LHX1, MYF6, NID2, OTX1, PAX9, RARB, RASSF1 A, RXRG, SIX6, SKOR1 and TERT genes. The results of DNA samples from 40 cancer and 25 normal lung tissues showed a good diagnostic potential of selected RCGY sites in regulatory regions of MYF6, SIX6, RXRG, LHX1, RASSF1 A and TERT genes with relatively high sensitivity(80.0 %) and specificity(88.0 %) of LC detection in tumor DNA.
文摘Objective: This study was designed to investigate promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in non-small cell lung cancer, and value the role of p14^ARF promoter methylation in carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: Promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in 40 cases of non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed by methylation specific polymerase china reaction (MSP), restriction enzyme-related polymerase chain reaction (RE-PCR) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results: The positive rates of p14^ARF promoter methylation in tumor tissues and normal tissues adjacent to cancer were 17.5% (7/40) and 2.5% (1/40) respectively. There were statistically significant differences between them, P〈0.05. The results of RE-PCR were consistent with that of MSP. The expression rate of p14^ARF protein in tumor tissues was significantly lower than that in normal tissues adjacent to cancer, p〈0.01. Promoter methylation status and protein expression of p14^ARF gene in non-small cell lung cancer showed significantly an inverse correlation (r=-0.56, P〈0.01), and both of them did not relate statistically with the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients such as histological classification, clinical stage, differentiation grade and lymph node involvement. Conclusion: Promoter methylation is a crucial mechanism of inactivation of p14^ARF gene. Promoter methylation of p14^ARF gene might he involved in carcinogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer, and is an early event in development process of non-small cell lung cancer. It might be used as a new target in gene treatments in the future.
基金a grant from the National 9th Five-Year Plan Key Project (No. 96-906-01-18) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Objectives: To investigate the methylation status of the CDKN2/pl6 gene 5′-CpG island, and study the relationship between the CDKN2/pl6 gene inactivation by methylation and lung cancer. Methods: Genomic DNA extracted from the specimens of lung cancer and normal lung tissue was digested with methylation-sensitive endonucleases, and Southern blotting was used to analyze the methylation status of the CDKN2/pl6 gene in 89 cases of lung cancer and 10 cases of normal lung tissue. Results: In 89 cases of lung cancer studied, the CDKN2/pl6 gene was shown to be methylated in 21 cases with the total methylation rate of 23.6% (21/89), in which there were 15 cases (16.9%) methylated atSmaI sites, 12 cases (13.5%) atSmaI sites and 6 cases at bothSmaI andSacII sites. The methylation of the CDKN2/pl6 gene occurred in 17 among 42 of pl6 protein negative cases of lung cancer with a rate of 40.5% (17/42), and in 3 among 47 of pl6 protein positive cases with a rate of 6.4% (3/47). The CDKN2/pl6 gene was not methylated in 10 cases of normal lung tissue. Conclusion: The aberrant methylation of the CDKN2/pl6 gene 5′-CpG island is probably an important mechanism of the gene inactivation, it may be involved in the genesis and progress of lung cancer.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai, China! (96ZB14043).
文摘Objective: To study on the effect of MRP gene overexpression on prognosis of patients with non-small lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissues from 47 cases of NSCLC who had undergone radical tumor resection were examined for expression of MRP gene mRNA by in situ hybridization using labelled digoxigenin probes combined with immunohistochemistry. All the patients were retrospectively followed-up. Results: All of the 47 lung cancer specimens were found to have overexpression of MRP gene mRNA. It was significantly correlated with patients' survival time, response to chemotherapy, recurrence or metastases after surgery, but was not correlated with histology, tumor size, node status, TNM stage, degree of differentiation, age and sex. Conclusion: Overexpression of MRP gene is a marker of prognostic significance in patients with NSCLC.
文摘Mediastinal or N2 disease is the most important factor in selecting the optimal treatment strategy in patients without distant metastasis.A direct surgical resection has not generally been accepted as a treatment modality in whom mediastinal nodal involvement is demonstrated.Patients with lung cancer can be diagnosed as clinical N2 disease based on CT and PET-CT characteristics of the mediastinum and the clinical presentation.Invasive diagnostic modalities used in the detection of N2 disease are:mediastinoscopy,endoesophageal ultrasound guided biopsy(EUS),transbronchial needle aspiration(TBNA),endobronchial ultrasound guided biopsy(EBUS),video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS),and mediastinotomy/extended mediastinoscopy.In this article,the author discusses about invasive and noninvasive techniques on the evaluation of mediastinal disease and presents his experience on this topic.
基金the Grant from Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No.7992005)and a Grantfrom Postdoctoral Foundation of National Committee of E
文摘Objective: To investigate the co-expression of drug resistance- and apoptosis-related genes of cisplatin (CDDP)-selected lung adenocarcinoma cell line A 549 DDP for compared to the parental cell line A549, and reverse of drug resistance by antisense s-oligodeoxynucleotides (S-ODNs) of differentially expressed genes. Methods: Sense and antisense S-ODN were transferred into A 549 DDP cells by lipofectin. The expression of drug resistance and apoptosis related genes was examined by RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry, respectively. Apoptostic cells were identified by DNA electrophoresis and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated biotin dUTP nick end-labeling(TUNEL). Drug resistance of tumor cells was detected by a cell viability (MTT) assay. Results: The expression of bcl-2 was positive and that of multidrug resistance-associated protein (MRP) at mRNA and protein level was increased in A 549 DDP compared to A549 cells. MDR1, c-myc and topoisomeras II (TOPO II) were similarly co-expressed in two cell lines. Both cell lines were negative for c-erbB-2 expression. In A 549 DDP cells, the expression of bcl-2 and MRP was significantly inhibited by their respective antisense S-ODNs. Antisense S-ODNs could also decrease significantly drug resistance of A 549 DDP cells to CDDP by promoting cell apoptosis. Conclusion: Both intrinsic and acquired drug resistance were involved in co-expression of multiple MDR-related genes in lung adenocarcinoma. Cooperation of bcl-2 and MRP genes appeared to play an important action to confer the resistance of A 549 DDP cells to CDDP. Their antisense S-ODNs are responsible for the decrease of drug resistance of this cell line by promoting apoptosis.
文摘Objective To identify specific biomarkers that could improve early diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) technology. Methods Serum samples were isolated from 17 patients with stage Ⅰ lung adenocarcinoma and 17 age-and sex-matched healthy controls,and the serum proteomic profiles were obtained by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Results Compared with healthy control group,two highly expressed potential biomarkers were identified with the relative molecular weights of 6 631.64 Da and 4 964.21 Da. The two best novel protein peaks were automatically chosen for the system training and the development of the constructed model. The constructed model was then used to test an independent set of masked serum samples from 15 lung adenocarcinoma patients and 22 healthy individuals. The analysis yielded a sensitivity of 93.3%,and a specificity of 95.5%. Conclusion These results suggest that MALDI-TOF-MS ProteinChip technology is a quick,convenient,and high-output analyzing method that is capable of selecting several relatively potential biomarkers from the serum of lung adenocarcinoma patients and may have a clinical value in the future,and will provide clues to identifying new serologic biomarkers of lung adenocarcinoma.
文摘Objective G719 X is the most frequently seen uncommon mutation of the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) gene, which is a point mutation at exon 18 with three common subtypes, G719 A/G719 C/G719 S. This study explored the clinicopathological characteristics of the G719 X mutation and investigated the efficacy of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitor(TKI) treatment and chemotherapy in patients with the G719 X mutation; the survival rate after these different treatment modalities were then analyzed in order to provide evidence for clinical treatment.Methods Clinical data of 41 patients with the G719 X mutation admitted in the Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University from September 2014 to July 2018, were collected and the EGFR mutations were detected by amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction(ARMS-PCR). The clinicopathological characteristics of the G719 X mutation were analyzed, and the relationship among the G719 X mutation, the efficacy of different treatment modalities, and the progression-free survival(PFS) was analyzed. Results Of the 41 cases, 24(58.5%) were G719 X single mutations and 17(41.5%) were compound mutations, including G719 X/S768 I, G719 X/L861 Q, G719 X/19 del, and G719 X/c-Met compound mutation. The objective response rate(ORR) of first-line EGFR-TKI therapy was 50%(6/12), the disease control rate(DCR) was 83.3%(10/12), and the median PFS(mPFS) was 9 months. After resistance to EGFR-TKI in the previous treatment, the ORR(71.4%, 5/7) and DCR(100%, 7/7) were still high following EGFR-TKIs, by an mPFS of 8 months. The ORR of chemotherapy was 33.3%(2/6), the DCR was 100%(6/6), and the mPFS was 6 months. Conclusion G719 X is an uncommon mutation of the EGFR gene and is sensitive to many EGFR-TKIs. It can be treated with the second-or third-generation EGFR-TKIs after resistance to the first-generation EGFR-TKIs. G719 X mutation also showed favorable effect to chemotherapy.
文摘Background and Objective:Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is known for its propensity for distant metastases.Lung metastasis is one of the most important causes of death for patients with NPC.Solitary metastatic lung tumor from NPC is a distinctive group associated with a better survival.This study was to find a more effective treatment modality and prognostic factors for the group.Methods:Clinical data of 105 cases of solitary metastatic lung tumor from NPC were retrospectively analyzed.Survival rate was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method.The difference of survival between the patients treated by different modalities was evaluated by the log-rank test.The Cox univariate and multivariate analyses of gender, age, pathologic type, stage, adjuvant chemotherapy, evaluation of treatment for NPC, disease-free interval, size of metastatic tumor, pulmonary hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node metastasis, treatment modalities, recurrent distant metastases and/or relapse of NPC were conducted.Results:The local control rate was 53.8% in chemotherapy group, 88.0% in radiotherapy +/-chemotherapy group, and 96.4% in operation +/-chemotherapy group (P<0.01).The most promising progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were obtained with operation +/-chemotherapy and followed by radiotherapy +/-chemotherapy.Both of them showed much better efficacy than chemotherapy (P<0.001).The Cox multivariate analysis showed that recurrent distant metastases and/or relapse of NPC affected the survival (OR=2.087, 95% CI=1.277-3.410, P=0.003).The T stage of NPC, size of metastatic tumor, hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node metastasis, and the treatment modality were independent prognostic factors.Conclusions:Operation +/-chemotherapy and radiotherapy +/-chemotherapy are better treatment of solitary metastatic lung tumor from NPC, which could improve the local control and prolong the PFS and OS.Chemotherapy is recommended for patients with higher T stage of NPC, size of metastatic tumor ≥3 cm, pulmonary hilar and/or mediastinal lymph node metastasis.
文摘Background and objective:Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)mutations are often associated with non-EGFR genetic alterations,which maybe a reason for the poor efficacy of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs).Here we conducted this study to explore whether EGFR-TKIs combined with chemotherapy would benefit advanced lung adenocarcinoma patients with both sensitive EGFR mutation and concomitant non-EGFR genetic alterations.Materials and methods:Cases of advanced lung adenocarcinoma with EGFR mutation combined with concomitant nonEGFR genetic alterations were retrospectively collected.And the patients were required to receive first-line EGFR-TKIs and chemotherapy combination or EGFR-TKIs monotherapy.Demographic,clinical and pathological data were collected,and the electronic imaging data were retrieved to evaluate the efficacy and time of disease progression.Survival data were obtained through face-to-face or telephone follow-up.The differences between the two groups in objective response rate(ORR),disease control rate(DCR),progression-free survival(PFS)and overall survival(OS)were investigated.Results:107 patients were included,including 63 cases in the combination group and 44 cases in the monotherapy group.The ORR were 78%and 50%(P=0.003),and DCR were 97%and 77%(P=0.002),respectively.At a median follow-up of 13.7 mon,a PFS event occurred in 38.1%and 81.8%of patients in the two groups,with median PFS of18.8 mon and 5.3 mon,respectively(P<0.000,1).Median OS was unreached in the combination group,and 27.8 mon in the monotherapy group(P=0.31).According to the Cox multivariate regression analysis,combination therapy was an independent prognostic factor of PFS.Conclusion:In patients with EGFR-mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma with concomitant non-EGFR genetic alterations,combination of TKIs and chemotherapy was significantly superior to EGFR-TKIs monotherapy,which should be the preferred treatment option.
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs that hybridize to mRNAs and induce either translation repression or mRNA cleavage.Recently,it has been reported that miRNAs could possibly play a critical role in cellular processes like regulation of cell growth,differentiation,and apoptosis,emphasizing their role in tumorigenesis.Likewise,several miRNA's are involved in lung cancer tumorigenesis.The present review puts forth a database of human miRNA's involved in lung cancer along with their target genes.It also provides sequences of miRNA's and their chromosomal locations retrieved from different databases like microCosm(218 microRNAs),PhenomiR(293 microRNAs),and mir2Disease(90 microRNAs) and target gene information such as the pathways like cell cycle regulation,angiogenesis,apoptosis etc.Though miRNA's are still to be explored,they hold a promise as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers of cancer.
文摘The phamacogenetics is being used to predict whether the selected chemotherapy will be really effective and tolerable to the patient. Irinotecan,oxidized by CYP3A4 to produce inactive compounds,is used for treatment of various cancers including advanced non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. CYP3A4*16B polymorphism was associated with decreased metabolism of irrinotecan. Irinotecan is also metabolized by carboxylesterase to its principal active metabolite,SN-38,which is subsequently glucuronidated by UGT1As to form the inactive compound SN-38G. UGT1A1*28 and UGT1A1*6 polymorphisms were useful for predicting severe toxicity with NSCLC patients treated with irinotecan-based chemotherapy. Platinum-based compounds (cisplatin,carboplatin) are being used in combination with new cytotoxic drugs such as gemcitabine,paclitaxel,docetaxel,or vinorelbine in the treatment of advanced NSCLC. Cisplatin activity is mediated through the formation of cisplatin-DNA adducts. Gene polymorphisms of DNA repair factors are therefore obvious candidates for determinants of repair capacity and chemotherapy efficacy. ERCC1,XRCC1 and XRCC3 gene polymorphisms were a useful marker for predicting better survival in advanced NSCLC patients treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. XPA and XPD polymorphisms significantly increased response to platinum-based chemotherapy. These DNA repair gene polymorphisms were useful as a predictor of clinical outcome to the platinum-based chemotherapy. EGFR kinase inhibitors induce dramatic clinical responses in NSCLC patients with advanced disease. EGFR gene polymorphism in intron 1 contains a polymorphic single sequence dinucleotide repeat (CA-SSR) showed a statistically significant correlation with the gefitinib response and was appeared to be a useful predictive marker of the development of clinical outcome containing skin rashes with gefitinib treatment. The other polymorphisms of EGFR were also associated with increased EGFR promoter activity. EGFR gene mutations and polymorphisms were also associated with EGFR kinase inhibitors response and toxicity.
基金supported by the Special Fund for Research in the Public Interest from the National Health and Family Planning Commission of PRC (Grant No. 201402031)the Key Lab System Project of the Guangdong Science and Technology Department (Grant No. 2012A061400006)the Special Fund for Research in the Public Interest and Capacity Building from the Guangdong Science and Technology Department (Grant No. 2014A020212225)
文摘Objective: This study aims to establish a method for highly parallel multiplexed detection of genetic mutations in Chinese lung cancer samples through Agena i PLEX chemistry and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight analysis on Mass ARRAY mass spectrometry platform.Methods: We reviewed the related literature and data on lung cancer treatments. We also identified 99 mutation hot spots in 13 target genes closely related to the pathogenesis, drug resistance, and metastasis of lung cancer. A total of 297 primers, composed of99 paired forward and reverse amplification primers and 99 matched extension primers, were designed using Assay Design software. The detection method was established by analyzing eight cell lines and six lung cancer specimens. The proposed method was then validated through comparisons by using a Lung Carta^(TM) kit. The sensitivity and specificity of the proposed method were evaluated by directly sequencing EGFR and KRAS genes in 100 lung cancer cases.Results: The proposed method was able to detect multiplex genetic mutations in lung cancer cell lines. This finding was consistent with the observations on previously reported mutations. The proposed method can also detect such mutations in clinical lung cancer specimens. This result was consistent with the observations with Lung Carta^(TM) kit. However, an FGFR2 mutation was detected only through the proposed method. The measured sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 96.3%, respectively.Conclusions: The proposed Mass ARRAY technology-based multiplex method can detect genetic mutations in Chinese lung cancer patients. Therefore, the proposed method can be applied to detect mutations in other cancer tissues.
文摘Background and objective Heparanase has been thought to be a good molecular marker of tumor,and the heparanase expression level was correlated closely with tumor metastasis. In this study,we investigate the effects of heparanase on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of lung cancer and the relationship between heparanase expression and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C). Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of heparanase,VEGF,VEGF-C protein and microvascular density (MVD),lymphatic vessel density (LVD) in 115 cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 45 cases of adjacent normal tissue samples. Results Our results showed that heparanase expression was significantly increased in 91 (79.13%) of the 115 cases and correlated with lymph node metastasis (node positive rate 87.0%; node negative rate 36.8%; P=0.003). Heparanase positive expression cases have significantly higher concentration of microvascular density (MVD) and lymphatic vessel density (LVD) as compared with heparanase negative expression cases (P<0.01,P<0.01,respectively),heparanase expression was significantly correlated with VEGF,VEGF-C expression in NSCLC. Conclusion Heparanase overexpression was associated with angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of lung cancer,targeting of heparanase may represent a significant therapeutic potential for lung cancer.
基金supported by grant from the scientif ic fund of the Ministry of Personnel for returned overseas expert (2006)Natural Science Foundation Project of CQ CSTC (to Mingjian GE)(CSTC, No.2008BB5210)