BACKGROUND In recent years,the detection rate of ground-glass nodules(GGNs)has been improved dramatically due to the popularization of low-dose computed tomography(CT)screening with high-resolution CT technique.This p...BACKGROUND In recent years,the detection rate of ground-glass nodules(GGNs)has been improved dramatically due to the popularization of low-dose computed tomography(CT)screening with high-resolution CT technique.This presents challenges for the characterization and management of the GGNs,which depends on a thorough investigation and sufficient diagnostic knowledge of the GGNs.In most diagnostic studies of the GGNs,morphological manifestations are used to differentiate benignancy and malignancy.In contrast,few studies are dedicated to the assessment of the hemodynamics,i.e.,perfusion parameters of the GGNs.AIM To assess the dual vascular supply patterns of GGNs on different histopathology and opacities.METHODS Forty-seven GGNs from 47 patients were prospectively included and underwent the dynamic volume CT.Histopathologic diagnoses were obtained within two weeks after the CT examination.Blood flow from the bronchial artery[bronchial flow(BF)]and pulmonary artery[pulmonary flow(PF)]as well as the perfusion index(PI)=[PF/(PF+BF)]were obtained using first-pass dual-input CT perfusion analysis and compared respectively between different histopathology and lesion types(pure or mixed GGNs)and correlated with the attenuation values of the lesions using one-way ANOVA,student’s t test and Pearson correlation analysis.RESULTS Of the 47 GGNs(mean diameter,8.17 mm;range,5.3-12.7 mm),30(64%)were carcinoma,6(13%)were atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and 11(23%)were organizing pneumonia.All perfusion parameters(BF,PF and PI)demonstrated no significant difference among the three conditions(all P>0.05).The PFs were higher than the BFs in all the three conditions(all P<0.001).Of the 30 GGN carcinomas,14 showed mixed GGNs and 16 pure GGNs with a higher PI in the latter(P<0.01).Of the 17 benign GGNs,4 showed mixed GGNs and 13 pure GGNs with no significant difference of the PI between the GGN types(P=0.21).A negative correlation(r=-0.76,P<0.001)was demonstrated between the CT attenuation values and the PIs in the 30 GGN carcinomas.CONCLUSION The GGNs are perfused dominantly by the PF regardless of its histopathology while the weight of the BF in the GGN carcinomas increases gradually during the progress of its opacification.展开更多
目的探讨≤10 mm纯磨玻璃密度结节(p GGN)进展的危险因素,拟定≤10 mm p GGN进展的风险分层策略,以提出合理的随访计划。方法回顾性分析2008年6月至2015年4月随访时间超过1年的最大径≤10 mm的100例p GGN患者(108个病灶)的临床资料及CT...目的探讨≤10 mm纯磨玻璃密度结节(p GGN)进展的危险因素,拟定≤10 mm p GGN进展的风险分层策略,以提出合理的随访计划。方法回顾性分析2008年6月至2015年4月随访时间超过1年的最大径≤10 mm的100例p GGN患者(108个病灶)的临床资料及CT图像。比较进展组(病灶增大或/和出现实性成分)与未进展组患者的临床资料及病灶的CT征象;应用Cox回归分析患者临床资料及CT表现与病变进展的关系;根据Cox回归分析结果及文献报道的对肺腺癌相关因素的界定,计算病变进展的风险指数;应用Logistic回归分析风险指数与病变进展的关系,绘制风险指数的受试者工作特征曲线,求得风险指数的界值,检验风险指数预测病变进展的效度。结果 100例(108个病灶)患者中有15例(15个病灶)出现进展,所有病灶平均随访时间为(1016.36±486.00)d;单因素分析显示,进展组与未进展组病变的大小、空气支气管征和血管改变的差异具有统计学意义(P=0.040,P=0.003,P=0.030);Cox回归模型显示病变的密度(CT值≥-542.5 HU)和空气支气管征为病变进展的危险因素(P=0.003,P=0.021);预测病变进展的风险指数的界值为4.25(灵敏度为46.7%、特异度为89.2%、符合率为83.3%)。结论对于长期存在≤10 mm的p GGN,病灶密度≥-542.5 HU和空气支气管征的出现可以预测病变的进展;风险指数<4.25提示病变进展的可能性较小,可以适当延长随访时间间隔。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81671680.
文摘BACKGROUND In recent years,the detection rate of ground-glass nodules(GGNs)has been improved dramatically due to the popularization of low-dose computed tomography(CT)screening with high-resolution CT technique.This presents challenges for the characterization and management of the GGNs,which depends on a thorough investigation and sufficient diagnostic knowledge of the GGNs.In most diagnostic studies of the GGNs,morphological manifestations are used to differentiate benignancy and malignancy.In contrast,few studies are dedicated to the assessment of the hemodynamics,i.e.,perfusion parameters of the GGNs.AIM To assess the dual vascular supply patterns of GGNs on different histopathology and opacities.METHODS Forty-seven GGNs from 47 patients were prospectively included and underwent the dynamic volume CT.Histopathologic diagnoses were obtained within two weeks after the CT examination.Blood flow from the bronchial artery[bronchial flow(BF)]and pulmonary artery[pulmonary flow(PF)]as well as the perfusion index(PI)=[PF/(PF+BF)]were obtained using first-pass dual-input CT perfusion analysis and compared respectively between different histopathology and lesion types(pure or mixed GGNs)and correlated with the attenuation values of the lesions using one-way ANOVA,student’s t test and Pearson correlation analysis.RESULTS Of the 47 GGNs(mean diameter,8.17 mm;range,5.3-12.7 mm),30(64%)were carcinoma,6(13%)were atypical adenomatous hyperplasia and 11(23%)were organizing pneumonia.All perfusion parameters(BF,PF and PI)demonstrated no significant difference among the three conditions(all P>0.05).The PFs were higher than the BFs in all the three conditions(all P<0.001).Of the 30 GGN carcinomas,14 showed mixed GGNs and 16 pure GGNs with a higher PI in the latter(P<0.01).Of the 17 benign GGNs,4 showed mixed GGNs and 13 pure GGNs with no significant difference of the PI between the GGN types(P=0.21).A negative correlation(r=-0.76,P<0.001)was demonstrated between the CT attenuation values and the PIs in the 30 GGN carcinomas.CONCLUSION The GGNs are perfused dominantly by the PF regardless of its histopathology while the weight of the BF in the GGN carcinomas increases gradually during the progress of its opacification.
