BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB)is a rare distinct subtype of precursor lesions of biliary carcinoma.IPNB is considered to originate from luminal biliary epithelial cells,typically disp...BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB)is a rare distinct subtype of precursor lesions of biliary carcinoma.IPNB is considered to originate from luminal biliary epithelial cells,typically displays mucin-hypersecretion or a papillary growth pattern,and results in cystic dilatation[1].IPNB develops anywhere in the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary tracts,and can occur in various pathological stages from low-grade dysplasia to invasive carcinoma.IPNBs have similar phenotypic changes in the occurrence and development of all subtypes,and the prognosis is significantly better than that of traditional(nonpapillary)cholangiocarcinoma.AIM To evaluate the clinicopathological features of IPNB to provide evidence-based guidance for treatment.METHODS Invasive IPNB,invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas(IPMN),and traditional cholangiocarcinoma data for affected individuals from 1975 to 2016 were obtained from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database.Annual percentage changes(APCs)in the incidence and incidence-based(IB)mortality were calculated.We identified the independent predictors of overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)in indivi duals with invasive IPNB.RESULTS The incidence and IB mortality of invasive IPNB showed sustained decreases,with an APC of-4.5%(95%CI:-5.1%to-3.8%)and-3.3%(95%CI:-4.1%to-2.6%)(P<0.001),respectively.Similar decreases in incidence and IB mortality were seen for invasive IPMN but not for traditional cholangiocarcinoma.Both OS and CSS for invasive IPNB were better than for invasive IPMN and traditional cholangiocarcinoma.A total of 1635 individuals with invasive IPNB were included in our prognosis analysis.The most common tumor sites were the pancreaticobiliary ampulla(47.9%)and perihilar tract(36.7%),but the mucin-related subtype of invasive IPNB was the main type,intrahepatically(approximately 90%).In the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis,age,tumor site,grade and stage,subtype,surgery,and chemotherapy were associated with OS and CSS(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Incidence and IB mortality of invasive IPNB trended steadily downward.The heterogeneity of IPNB comprises site and the tumor’s mucin-producing status.展开更多
Extranodal natural killer （NK）IT-cell lymphoma, nasal type （ENKTCL） is a rarely kind of non-Hodgkin lymphoma （NHL）. It is much more frequent in Asian and Latin American countries than other part of the world. It...Extranodal natural killer （NK）IT-cell lymphoma, nasal type （ENKTCL） is a rarely kind of non-Hodgkin lymphoma （NHL）. It is much more frequent in Asian and Latin American countries than other part of the world. It typically affects nasal cavity. In China, one of its endemically places, ENKTCL accounts for 74%-96% of nasal NHL. Patients with ENKTCL usually show a highly aggressive clinical course, and its etiology is unclear. However, it is already proved that ENKTCL is associated with Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） infection, regardless patients＇, ethnicity and areas. Some studies show that the risk will increase among several occupations, such as farmer, who are frequently exposure to pesticides and chemical solvent and risk can be cut down if taking some protective measures.展开更多
The epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) varies with age at clinical onset. In developing countries, the disorder appears predominantly during childhood and its incidence decreases with age, while in industrialize...The epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) varies with age at clinical onset. In developing countries, the disorder appears predominantly during childhood and its incidence decreases with age, while in industrialized countries, the incidence rate increase with age. There has long been a view that the differences in descriptive epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma around the world, and also between children, young adults and older adults may reflect differences in etiology between them. Hodgkin’s Lymphoma has long been suspected to have an infectious precursor, and indirect evidence has implicated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as a causal agent. The etiology of EBV-negative cases remains obscure. Epidemiological investigation of the etiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is making steady progress, and it leads to a better understanding and hence prevention. This review considers in detail the descriptive and the etiological epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.展开更多
AIM:To study the subtype prevalence and the phylogenetic relatedness of hepatitis C virus(HCV)sequences obtained from the Argentine general population,a large cohort of individuals was analyzed.METHODS:Healthy Argenti...AIM:To study the subtype prevalence and the phylogenetic relatedness of hepatitis C virus(HCV)sequences obtained from the Argentine general population,a large cohort of individuals was analyzed.METHODS:Healthy Argentinian volunteers(n=6251)from 12 provinces representing all geographical regions of the country were studied.All parents or legal guardians of individuals younger than 18 years provided informed written consent for participation.The corresponding written permission from all municipal authorities was obtained from each city or town where subjects were to be included.HCV RNA reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed.The 5’untranslated region(5’UTR)was used for RNA detection and initial genotype classification.The NS5B polymerase region,encompassing nt 8262-8610,was used for subtyping.RESULTS:An unexpectedly low prevalence of HCV infection in the general population(0.32%)was observed.Our data contrasted with previous studies that reported rates ranging from 1.5%to 2.5%,mainly performed in selected populations of blood donors or vulnerable groups.The latter values are in keeping with the prevalence reported by the 2007 Argentinian HCV Consensus(approximately 2%).HCV subtypes weredistributed as follows:1a(25%),1b(25%),2c(25%),3a(5%),and 2j(5%).Two isolates ascribed either to genotype 1(5%)or to genotype 3(5%)by 5’UTR phylogenetic analysis could not be subtyped.Subtype 1a sequences comprised a highly homogeneous population and clustered with United States sequences.Genotype1b sequences represented a heterogeneous population,suggesting that this genotype might have been introduced from different sources.Most subtype 2c sequences clustered close to the 2c reported from Italy and Southern France.CONCLUSION:HCV has a low prevalence of 0.32%in the studied general population of Argentina.The pattern of HCV introduction and transmission in Argentina appears to be a consequence of multiple events and different for each subtype.展开更多
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)contributes to significant cancer burden and mortality globally.In recent years,much insight into the causes of NHL has been gained by evaluating global differences through international colla...Non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)contributes to significant cancer burden and mortality globally.In recent years,much insight into the causes of NHL has been gained by evaluating global differences through international collaboration and data pooling.NHL comprises different subtypes that are known to behave differently,exhibit different prognoses,and start in distinct cell types(B-cell,T-cell,and NK-cell,predominantly),and there is in-creasing evidence that NHL subtypes have different etiologies.Classification of NHL can be complex,with varying subtype frequencies,and is a consideration when evaluating geographic differences.Because of this,international pooling of well-executed epidemiologic studies has conferred power to evaluate NHL by subtype and confidence with minimal misclassification.Given the decreasing burden in some regions while cases rise in Asia,and espe-cially China,this report focuses on a review of the established etiology of NHL from the epidemiologic literature in recent decades,highlighting work from China.Topics covered include demographic patterns and genetic de-terminants including family history of NHL,as well as infection and immunosuppression,lifestyle,environment,and certain occupational exposures contributing to increased disease risk.展开更多
BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CeD)is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the immune response to gluten in genetically predisposed individuals.Recent research has unveiled a heightened risk of developing specific malignant...BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CeD)is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the immune response to gluten in genetically predisposed individuals.Recent research has unveiled a heightened risk of developing specific malignant neoplasms(MN)and various malignancies,including gastrointestinal,lymphomas,skin,and others,in individuals with CeD.AIM To investigate the prevalence of MN in hospitalized CeD patients in the United States.METHODS Using data from the National Inpatient Sample spanning two decades,from January 2000 to December 2019,we identified 529842 CeD patients,of which 78128(14.75%)had MN.Propensity score matching,based on age,sex,race,and calendar year,was employed to compare CeD patients with the general non-CeD population at a 1:1 ratio.RESULTS Positive associations were observed for several malignancies,including small intestine,lymphoma,nonmelanoma skin,liver,melanoma skin,pancreas myelodysplastic syndrome,biliary,stomach,and other neuroendocrine tumors(excluding small and large intestine malignant carcinoid),leukemia,uterus,and testis.Conversely,CeD patients exhibited a reduced risk of respiratory and secondary malignancies.Moreover,certain malignancies showed null associations with CeD,including head and neck,nervous system,esophagus,colorectal,anus,breast,malignant carcinoids,bone and connective tissues,myeloma,cervix,and ovary cancers.CONCLUSION Our study is unique in highlighting the detailed results of positive,negative,or null associations between different hematologic and solid malignancies and CeD.Furthermore,it offers insights into evolving trends in CeD hospital outcomes,shedding light on advancements in its management over the past two decades.These findings contribute valuable information to the understanding of CeD’s impact on health and healthcare utilization.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and genotypes of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in Mianyang.Methods:The cervical samples of 27,040 patients,who visited the Department of Gynecology of ...Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and genotypes of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in Mianyang.Methods:The cervical samples of 27,040 patients,who visited the Department of Gynecology of The Third Hospital of Mianyang from January 2018 to January 2020,were collected.Results:The HPV-positive infection rate was 21.40%(5,787/27,040);the single HPV infection rate was 72.04%(4,169/5,787);the double HPV infection rate was 19.73%(1,142/5,787);the triple and above HPV infection rate was 8.22%(476/5,787);the top five high-risk HPV subtypes with the highest infection rates were HPV52,16,58,53,and 51,while the top five low-risk HPV subtypes with the highest infection rates were HPV81,42,43,6,and 11;there were significant differences in the HPV-positive infection rate,high-risk infection rate,low-risk infection rate,and multiple infection rate among different age groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:The HPV infection rate in Mianyang was 21.4%,in which the majority of the cases were single infection;the high-risk HPV subtypes were HPV52,16,58,53,and 51;the HPV-positive infection rate,high-risk infection rate,low-risk infection rate,and multiple infection rate were high in the middle but low at both ends in the context of age distribution;the top three age groups with the highest infection rates were 45-49,40-44,and 30-34.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 81860431 and 82060447the Jiangxi Natural Science Foundation,No. 20181BBG70025
文摘BACKGROUND Intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB)is a rare distinct subtype of precursor lesions of biliary carcinoma.IPNB is considered to originate from luminal biliary epithelial cells,typically displays mucin-hypersecretion or a papillary growth pattern,and results in cystic dilatation[1].IPNB develops anywhere in the intrahepatic and extrahepatic biliary tracts,and can occur in various pathological stages from low-grade dysplasia to invasive carcinoma.IPNBs have similar phenotypic changes in the occurrence and development of all subtypes,and the prognosis is significantly better than that of traditional(nonpapillary)cholangiocarcinoma.AIM To evaluate the clinicopathological features of IPNB to provide evidence-based guidance for treatment.METHODS Invasive IPNB,invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas(IPMN),and traditional cholangiocarcinoma data for affected individuals from 1975 to 2016 were obtained from the Surveillance,Epidemiology,and End Results(SEER)database.Annual percentage changes(APCs)in the incidence and incidence-based(IB)mortality were calculated.We identified the independent predictors of overall survival(OS)and cancer-specific survival(CSS)in indivi duals with invasive IPNB.RESULTS The incidence and IB mortality of invasive IPNB showed sustained decreases,with an APC of-4.5%(95%CI:-5.1%to-3.8%)and-3.3%(95%CI:-4.1%to-2.6%)(P<0.001),respectively.Similar decreases in incidence and IB mortality were seen for invasive IPMN but not for traditional cholangiocarcinoma.Both OS and CSS for invasive IPNB were better than for invasive IPMN and traditional cholangiocarcinoma.A total of 1635 individuals with invasive IPNB were included in our prognosis analysis.The most common tumor sites were the pancreaticobiliary ampulla(47.9%)and perihilar tract(36.7%),but the mucin-related subtype of invasive IPNB was the main type,intrahepatically(approximately 90%).In the univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis,age,tumor site,grade and stage,subtype,surgery,and chemotherapy were associated with OS and CSS(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Incidence and IB mortality of invasive IPNB trended steadily downward.The heterogeneity of IPNB comprises site and the tumor’s mucin-producing status.
文摘Extranodal natural killer （NK）IT-cell lymphoma, nasal type （ENKTCL） is a rarely kind of non-Hodgkin lymphoma （NHL）. It is much more frequent in Asian and Latin American countries than other part of the world. It typically affects nasal cavity. In China, one of its endemically places, ENKTCL accounts for 74%-96% of nasal NHL. Patients with ENKTCL usually show a highly aggressive clinical course, and its etiology is unclear. However, it is already proved that ENKTCL is associated with Epstein-Barr virus （EBV） infection, regardless patients＇, ethnicity and areas. Some studies show that the risk will increase among several occupations, such as farmer, who are frequently exposure to pesticides and chemical solvent and risk can be cut down if taking some protective measures.
文摘The epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) varies with age at clinical onset. In developing countries, the disorder appears predominantly during childhood and its incidence decreases with age, while in industrialized countries, the incidence rate increase with age. There has long been a view that the differences in descriptive epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma around the world, and also between children, young adults and older adults may reflect differences in etiology between them. Hodgkin’s Lymphoma has long been suspected to have an infectious precursor, and indirect evidence has implicated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), as a causal agent. The etiology of EBV-negative cases remains obscure. Epidemiological investigation of the etiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma is making steady progress, and it leads to a better understanding and hence prevention. This review considers in detail the descriptive and the etiological epidemiology of Hodgkin’s Lymphoma.
基金Supported by Argentinian Fresenius Medical Care CentreSpanish Ministry of Science and Innovation(MINECO)Grants+2 种基金SAF2009-10403Spanish Ministry of Health(FIS)PI10/01505 and 09/0899
文摘AIM:To study the subtype prevalence and the phylogenetic relatedness of hepatitis C virus(HCV)sequences obtained from the Argentine general population,a large cohort of individuals was analyzed.METHODS:Healthy Argentinian volunteers(n=6251)from 12 provinces representing all geographical regions of the country were studied.All parents or legal guardians of individuals younger than 18 years provided informed written consent for participation.The corresponding written permission from all municipal authorities was obtained from each city or town where subjects were to be included.HCV RNA reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed.The 5’untranslated region(5’UTR)was used for RNA detection and initial genotype classification.The NS5B polymerase region,encompassing nt 8262-8610,was used for subtyping.RESULTS:An unexpectedly low prevalence of HCV infection in the general population(0.32%)was observed.Our data contrasted with previous studies that reported rates ranging from 1.5%to 2.5%,mainly performed in selected populations of blood donors or vulnerable groups.The latter values are in keeping with the prevalence reported by the 2007 Argentinian HCV Consensus(approximately 2%).HCV subtypes weredistributed as follows:1a(25%),1b(25%),2c(25%),3a(5%),and 2j(5%).Two isolates ascribed either to genotype 1(5%)or to genotype 3(5%)by 5’UTR phylogenetic analysis could not be subtyped.Subtype 1a sequences comprised a highly homogeneous population and clustered with United States sequences.Genotype1b sequences represented a heterogeneous population,suggesting that this genotype might have been introduced from different sources.Most subtype 2c sequences clustered close to the 2c reported from Italy and Southern France.CONCLUSION:HCV has a low prevalence of 0.32%in the studied general population of Argentina.The pattern of HCV introduction and transmission in Argentina appears to be a consequence of multiple events and different for each subtype.
文摘Non-Hodgkin lymphoma(NHL)contributes to significant cancer burden and mortality globally.In recent years,much insight into the causes of NHL has been gained by evaluating global differences through international collaboration and data pooling.NHL comprises different subtypes that are known to behave differently,exhibit different prognoses,and start in distinct cell types(B-cell,T-cell,and NK-cell,predominantly),and there is in-creasing evidence that NHL subtypes have different etiologies.Classification of NHL can be complex,with varying subtype frequencies,and is a consideration when evaluating geographic differences.Because of this,international pooling of well-executed epidemiologic studies has conferred power to evaluate NHL by subtype and confidence with minimal misclassification.Given the decreasing burden in some regions while cases rise in Asia,and espe-cially China,this report focuses on a review of the established etiology of NHL from the epidemiologic literature in recent decades,highlighting work from China.Topics covered include demographic patterns and genetic de-terminants including family history of NHL,as well as infection and immunosuppression,lifestyle,environment,and certain occupational exposures contributing to increased disease risk.
文摘BACKGROUND Celiac disease(CeD)is an autoimmune disorder triggered by the immune response to gluten in genetically predisposed individuals.Recent research has unveiled a heightened risk of developing specific malignant neoplasms(MN)and various malignancies,including gastrointestinal,lymphomas,skin,and others,in individuals with CeD.AIM To investigate the prevalence of MN in hospitalized CeD patients in the United States.METHODS Using data from the National Inpatient Sample spanning two decades,from January 2000 to December 2019,we identified 529842 CeD patients,of which 78128(14.75%)had MN.Propensity score matching,based on age,sex,race,and calendar year,was employed to compare CeD patients with the general non-CeD population at a 1:1 ratio.RESULTS Positive associations were observed for several malignancies,including small intestine,lymphoma,nonmelanoma skin,liver,melanoma skin,pancreas myelodysplastic syndrome,biliary,stomach,and other neuroendocrine tumors(excluding small and large intestine malignant carcinoid),leukemia,uterus,and testis.Conversely,CeD patients exhibited a reduced risk of respiratory and secondary malignancies.Moreover,certain malignancies showed null associations with CeD,including head and neck,nervous system,esophagus,colorectal,anus,breast,malignant carcinoids,bone and connective tissues,myeloma,cervix,and ovary cancers.CONCLUSION Our study is unique in highlighting the detailed results of positive,negative,or null associations between different hematologic and solid malignancies and CeD.Furthermore,it offers insights into evolving trends in CeD hospital outcomes,shedding light on advancements in its management over the past two decades.These findings contribute valuable information to the understanding of CeD’s impact on health and healthcare utilization.
文摘Objective:To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and genotypes of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in Mianyang.Methods:The cervical samples of 27,040 patients,who visited the Department of Gynecology of The Third Hospital of Mianyang from January 2018 to January 2020,were collected.Results:The HPV-positive infection rate was 21.40%(5,787/27,040);the single HPV infection rate was 72.04%(4,169/5,787);the double HPV infection rate was 19.73%(1,142/5,787);the triple and above HPV infection rate was 8.22%(476/5,787);the top five high-risk HPV subtypes with the highest infection rates were HPV52,16,58,53,and 51,while the top five low-risk HPV subtypes with the highest infection rates were HPV81,42,43,6,and 11;there were significant differences in the HPV-positive infection rate,high-risk infection rate,low-risk infection rate,and multiple infection rate among different age groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:The HPV infection rate in Mianyang was 21.4%,in which the majority of the cases were single infection;the high-risk HPV subtypes were HPV52,16,58,53,and 51;the HPV-positive infection rate,high-risk infection rate,low-risk infection rate,and multiple infection rate were high in the middle but low at both ends in the context of age distribution;the top three age groups with the highest infection rates were 45-49,40-44,and 30-34.
