Curcumin inhibits colorectal cancer development by blocking the YAP/TAZ signaling axis

Background:Curcumin is a plant polyphenol with antitumor properties and inhibits the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).However,as the molecular mechanism associated is still unclear,our study aimed to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms by which curcumin inhibits CRC.Methods:HT29 and SW480 cells were treated with curcumin or/and Doxycycline(DOX),and cell viability,colony forming ability,migration and invasion were confirmed by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8),colony forming,Transwell assays.And Yes-associated protein 1(YAP)and PDZ-binding motif(TAZ)signaling-related genes or proteins were analyzed using reverse transcription quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR),western blot,and immunofluorescence assays.Then nude mice xenograft tumor model was constructed,YAP and Ki67 expressions were tested by immunohistochemistry(IHC)staining.Results:In our study,we proved that curcumin significantly inhibited the CRC cell viability,cell migration,and cell invasion abilities.In addition,curcumin inhibited YAP and Transcriptional coactivator with TAZ or the YAP/TAZ signaling axis in CRC cells.Further,in the nude mice model,curcumin treatment significantly decreased the size and weight of xenotransplant tumors.Conclusion:Therefore,curcumin significantly inhibited CRC development and invasion by regulating the YAP/TAZ signaling axis.

Mechanism of Yanghe Pingchaun granules on airway remodeling in asthmatic rats based on IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling axis

Objective: To investigate the effects of Yanghe Pingchuan Granules on airway remodeling in asthmatic rats, and to explore the mechanism of Interleukin-6/Janus kinase 2/ Signal transducing activator of transcription 3(IL-6/JAK2/STAT3) signal axis. Methods: We separated 42 healthy male SD rats into two groups, a control group (7) and a model group (35).The model group was sensitized with a combination of ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide for 2 weeks, while the control group was given an equal amount of physiological saline.After 2 weeks, the modeling group was randomly divided into Model group, Yanghe Pingchuan Granules high, medium and low dose groups and Dexamethasone group, each group consisted of 7 animals. After 4 weeks, OVA atomization and gavage were used for stimulation and treatment. Yanghe Pingchuan Granules high, middle and low groups were given 15.48, 7.74, 3.87 g∙kg-1 Yanghe Pingchuan Granules daily, dexamethasone group was given 0.0625 mg∙kg-1 dexamethasone daily, and the other groups were given the same amount of normal saline. HE, PAS and Masson staining were used to observe the lung histopathological changes in rats. The levels of interleukin-6, IL-23 and IL-17A were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 in lung tissues were detected by Western blot. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in rat lung tissue. Results: The lung tissue structure of the model group was severely damaged compared to the control group, accompanied by a great many of inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial collagen fiber deposition and airway epithelial thickening were more obvious. The expressions of IL-6, IL- 23 and IL-17A in serum were significantly increased (P<0.01), the protein expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 and the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in lung tissue were significantly increased (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell proliferation, subepithelial collagen fiber deposition and airway epithelial thickening were significantly reduced in each administration group, and the expressions of IL-6, IL-23 and IL-17A in serum were significantly decreased (P< 0.01). The protein expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 and mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in lung tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Yanghe Pingchuan Granules can significantly alleviate airway remodeling in asthmatic rats, and its mechanism may be through inhibiting the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signal axis.

Single nucleus/cell RNA-seq of the chicken hypothalamicpituitaryovarian axis offers new insights into the molecular regulatory mechanisms of ovarian development

The hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian(HPO)axis represents a central neuroendocrine network essential for reproductive function.Despite its critical role,the intrinsic heterogeneity within the HPO axis across vertebrates and the complex intercellular interactions remain poorly defined.This study provides the first comprehensive,unbiased,cell type-specific molecular profiling of all three components of the HPO axis in adult Lohmann layers and Liangshan Yanying chickens.Within the hypothalamus,pituitary,and ovary,seven,12,and 13 distinct cell types were identified,respectively.Results indicated that the pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide(PACAP),follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),and prolactin(PRL)signaling pathways may modulate the synthesis and secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH),FSH,and luteinizing hormone(LH)within the hypothalamus and pituitary.In the ovary,interactions between granulosa cells and oocytes involved the KIT,CD99,LIFR,FN1,and ANGPTL signaling pathways,which collectively regulate follicular maturation.The SEMA4 signaling pathway emerged as a critical mediator across all three tissues of the HPO axis.Additionally,gene expression analysis revealed that relaxin 3(RLN3),gastrin-releasing peptide(GRP),and cocaine-and amphetamine regulated transcripts(CART,also known as CARTPT)may function as novel endocrine hormones,influencing the HPO axis through autocrine,paracrine,and endocrine pathways.Comparative analyses between Lohmann layers and Liangshan Yanying chickens demonstrated higher expression levels of GRP,RLN3,CARTPT,LHCGR,FSHR,and GRPR in the ovaries of Lohmann layers,potentially contributing to their superior reproductive performance.In conclusion,this study provides a detailed molecular characterization of the HPO axis,offering novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying reproductive biology.

Glucocorticoid receptor signaling in the brain and its involvement in cognitive function

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis regulates the secretion of glucoco rticoids in response to environmental challenges.In the brain,a nuclear receptor transcription fa ctor,the glucocorticoid recepto r,is an important component of the hypothalamicpituitary-a d renal axis's negative feedback loop and plays a key role in regulating cognitive equilibrium and neuroplasticity.The glucoco rticoid receptor influences cognitive processes,including glutamate neurotransmission,calcium signaling,and the activation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor-mediated pathways,through a combination of genomic and non-genomic mechanisms.Protein interactions within the central nervous system can alter the expression and activity of the glucocorticoid receptor,there by affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and stress-related cognitive functions.An appropriate level of glucocorticoid receptor expression can improve cognitive function,while excessive glucocorticoid receptors or long-term exposure to glucoco rticoids may lead to cognitive impairment.Patients with cognitive impairment-associated diseases,such as Alzheimer's disease,aging,depression,Parkinson's disease,Huntington's disease,stroke,and addiction,often present with dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and glucocorticoid receptor expression.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the functions of the glucoco rticoid receptor in the hypothalamic-pituitary-a d renal axis and cognitive activities.It emphasizes that appropriate glucocorticoid receptor signaling fa cilitates learning and memory,while its dysregulation can lead to cognitive impairment.This provides clues about how glucocorticoid receptor signaling can be targeted to ove rcome cognitive disability-related disorders.

L.reuteri ZJ617 inhibits inflammatory and autophagy signaling pathways in gut-liver axis in piglet induced by lipopolysaccharide

Background:This study investigated the protective effects of L.reuteri ZJ617 on intestinal and liver injury and the underlying mechanisms in modulating inflammatory,autophagy,and apoptosis signaling pathways in a piglet challenged with lipopolysaccharide(LPS).Methods:Duroc×Landrace×Large White piglets were assigned to 3 groups(n=6/group):control(CON)and LPS groups received oral phosphate-buffered saline for 2 weeks before intraperitoneal injection(i.p.)of physiological saline or LPS(25μg/kg body weight),respectively,while the ZJ617+LPS group was orally inoculated with ZJ617 for 2 weeks before i.p.of LPS.Piglets were sacrificed 4 h after LPS injection to determine intestinal integrity,serum biochemical parameters,inflammatory signaling involved in molecular and liver injury pathways.Results:Compared with controls,LPS stimulation significantly increased intestinal phosphorylated-p38 MAPK,phosphorylated-ERK and JNK protein levels and decreased IκBαprotein expression,while serum LPS,TNF-α,and IL-6 concentrations(P<0.05)increased.ZJ617 pretreatment significantly countered the effects induced by LPS alone,with the exception of p-JNK protein levels.Compared with controls,LPS stimulation significantly increased LC3,Atg5,and Beclin-1 protein expression(P<0.05)but decreased ZO-1,claudin-3,and occludin protein expression(P<0.05)and increased serum DAO and D-xylose levels,effects that were all countered by ZJ617 pretreatment.LPS induced significantly higher hepatic LC3,Atg5,Beclin-1,SOD-2,and Bax protein expression(P<0.05)and lower hepatic total bile acid(TBA)levels(P<0.05)compared with controls.ZJ617 pretreatment significantly decreased hepatic Beclin-1,SOD2,and Bax protein expression(P<0.05)and showed a tendency to decrease hepatic TBA(P=0.0743)induced by LPS treatment.Pretreatment of ZJ617 before LPS injection induced the production of 5 significant metabolites in the intestinal contents:capric acid,isoleucine 1TMS,glycerol-1-phosphate byproduct,linoleic acid,alanine-alanine(P<0.05).Conclusions:These results demonstrated that ZJ617 pretreatment alleviated LPS-induced intestinal tight junction protein destruction,and intestinal and hepatic inflammatory and autophagy signal activation in the piglets.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes toα-synuclein-related pathology associated with C/EBPβ/AEP signaling activation in a mouse model of Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and gastrointestinal dysfunction.Gastrointestinal dysfunction can precede the onset of motor symptoms by several years.Gut microbiota dysbiosis is involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease,whether it plays a causal role in motor dysfunction,and the mechanism underlying this potential effect,remain unknown.CCAAT/enhancer binding proteinβ/asparagine endopeptidase(C/EBPβ/AEP)signaling,activated by bacterial endotoxin,can promoteα-synuclein transcription,thereby contributing to Parkinson’s disease pathology.In this study,we aimed to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in C/EBPβ/AEP signaling,α-synuclein-related pathology,and motor symptoms using a rotenone-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease combined with antibiotic-induced microbiome depletion and fecal microbiota transplantation.We found that rotenone administration resulted in gut microbiota dysbiosis and perturbation of the intestinal barrier,as well as activation of the C/EBP/AEP pathway,α-synuclein aggregation,and tyrosine hydroxylase-positive neuron loss in the substantia nigra in mice with motor deficits.However,treatment with rotenone did not have any of these adverse effects in mice whose gut microbiota was depleted by pretreatment with antibiotics.Importantly,we found that transplanting gut microbiota derived from mice treated with rotenone induced motor deficits,intestinal inflammation,and endotoxemia.Transplantation of fecal microbiota from healthy control mice alleviated rotenone-induced motor deficits,intestinal inflammation,endotoxemia,and intestinal barrier impairment.These results highlight the vital role that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays in inducing motor deficits,C/EBPβ/AEP signaling activation,andα-synuclein-related pathology in a rotenone-induced mouse model of Parkinson’s disease.Additionally,our findings suggest that supplementing with healthy microbiota may be a safe and effective treatment that could help ameliorate the progression of motor deficits in patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Study of Fault Diagnosis in Bend Axis Piston Pump

On the basis of theoretical analysis and experimental rerearck, the vibration characteristics of the ZB1-107 bend axis piston pump that is wldely ed in mining machinery is studied in the paper, and the study provides the basis for pump fault diagnesis. The vibration signals of the rault-rree pump and tbe faulty pump have been compared in frequency domaln and it is round that tbere is obvious differeuce in their vibration frequency spectra. The experimentol results demonstrate that the raults, such as port plate wear and tear and the looseness or ball joint or the conuecting rod, can be effectively detected through vibration analysis.

AXIe信号发生器接口设计

AXIe总线属于新型高速仪器总线。为解决AXIe测试系统中信号发生器模块与上位机之间的数据传输问题,提出了一种符合AXIe-1.0规范的AXIe信号发生器接口方案。根据AXIe-1.0规范,选取了LAN接口作为仪器的通讯接口,并以FPGA作为设计平台,完成了AXIe信号发生器接口的设计,采用DDS技术实现了信号发生器模块。而后再通过LAN接口向信号发生器模块传输波形命令及波形数据,完成了功能验证,为AXIe模块化仪器的开发提供借鉴。

基于CCL2-CCR2信号轴探索松萝酸对胃癌细胞恶性行为的影响

目的:探讨松萝酸(UA)调节CC趋化因子配体2-CCL2受体(CCR2)信号轴对胃癌细胞恶性行为的影响。方法:以生长良好的人胃癌细胞系SGC-7901细胞为研究对象,通过不同浓度的UA处理,设为UA低浓度(UA-L)组(62.5μmol/L UA)、UA中浓度(UA-M)组(125μmol/L UA)、UA高浓度(UA-H)组(250μmol/L UA);同时对细胞转染CCL2过表达载体(pc DNA3.1 CCL2)、空载体(pc DNA3.1)、沉默CCL2(si CCL2)及阴性对照(si control),并采用250μmol/L UA处理SGC-7901细胞,标记为UA-H+pc DNA3.1 CCL2组、UA-H+pc DNA3.1组、UA-H+si CCL2组、UA-H+si control组,另取未处理的SGC-7901细胞作为对照组。流式细胞术、MTT及qRT-PCR检测细胞凋亡、增殖及CCL2、CCR2 mRNA表达水平;Western blot检测PD-L1、凋亡蛋白(Bax)、增殖蛋白(CyclinD1、CCL2、CCR2)、免疫逃逸相关蛋白(B7H1)表达水平;与体外分离培养的CD8+T细胞共培养后,ELISA检测上清液中IL-4、IFN-γ、IL-10水平。将各组细胞与活化的外周血单个核细胞(PBMC)1∶1共培养72 h,比较各组胃癌细胞对T细胞介导的杀伤敏感性。结果:与对照组相比,UA-L组、UA-M组、UA-H组细胞增殖率、IL-10水平、CyclinD1、PD-L1、CCL2、CCR2、B7H1蛋白及mRNA表达、与活化的PBMC 1∶1共培养72 h后的细胞计数显著降低,细胞凋亡率、IL-4、IFN-γ水平、Bax蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05);与UA-H+pc DNA3.1组相比,UA-H+pc DNA3.1 CCL2组细胞增殖率、IL-10水平、CyclinD1、PDL1、CCL2、CCR2蛋白及mRNA表达、与活化的PBMC 1∶1共培养72 h后的细胞计数显著增加,细胞凋亡率、IL-4、IFN-γ水平、Bax蛋白表达显著降低(P<0.05);与UA-H+si control组相比,UA-H+si CCL2组细胞增殖率、IL-10水平、CyclinD1、PD-L1、CCL2、CCR2蛋白及mRNA表达、与活化的PBMC 1∶1共培养72 h后的细胞计数显著降低,细胞凋亡率、IL-4、IFN-γ水平、Bax蛋白表达显著升高(P<0.05)。结论:UA可抑制胃癌细胞增殖、免疫逃逸,诱导其凋亡,可能与抑制CCL2-CCR2信号轴有关。

桂西南岩溶区植物叶性状的系统发育信号及其关联分析

【目的】探究岩溶植物叶性状在不同生活型水平上的差异以及系统发育保守性,有助于深入理解植物对异质性生境的适应机制,进而为岩溶植被的保护与恢复提供科学依据。【方法】以桂西南岩溶区20种常见阔叶木本植物为对象,采用K值法检验了叶性状的系统发育信号,并运用系统发育独立比较(PIC)和标准化主轴估计(SMA)的方法分析了叶性状间的关联适应性。【结果】1)研究区植物群落10个叶性状均未表现出较强的系统发育保守性,系统发育结构与性状结构并不完全一致。2)叶面积(LA)与叶长(LL)、叶宽(LW)以及叶组织密度(LTD)与LL、叶体积(LV)间均呈异速生长关系,而LL与LW、LA与叶干质量(LDW)间均呈等速生长关系;其中,LTD与LL的生长关系在常绿植物组发生了改变,由异速生长关系转变为等速生长关系;其他性状组合间的生长关系并未因生活型的不同而引起差异,表明常绿植物倾向于限制LL以适应环境的变化;3)LA、LL和LW以及LTD与LL、LV在常绿和落叶植物组间的斜率均沿共同主轴方向显著漂移(P<0.05),表明常绿和落叶植物对环境的适应策略发生了位移,常绿植物倾向于选择小叶、组织密度大的资源保守型生长策略,而落叶植物则倾向于选择大叶、组织密度小的资源获取型生长策略。【结论】生态位分化在很大程度上是促进亚热带阔叶林群落物种共存和生物多样性维持的重要机制。

乌司他丁调节CCL2-CCR2信号轴对胃癌细胞上皮-间质转化和免疫逃逸的影响分析

目的:探讨乌司他丁(UTI)调节CC趋化因子配体2(CCL2)-C-C趋化因子受体2(CCR2)信号轴对胃癌(GC)细胞上皮-间质转化(EMT)和免疫逃逸的影响。方法:qRT-PCR、Western blot分别检测GC组织/细胞中CCL2、CCR2 mRNA及蛋白表达水平;以不同浓度的UTI(0、100、200、400、800 U/ml)干预细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖情况;将AGS细胞分为control组、UTI组、pcDNA组、pcDNA-CCL2组,平板克隆和Transwell小室分别检测细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭。AGS细胞和CD8+T细胞共培养后,将CD8+T分为T细胞组、共培养组、UTI组、pcDNA组、pcDNA-CCL2组,流式细胞仪检测CD8+T细胞凋亡,ELISA检测CD8+T细胞上清中IFN-γ、IL-2、TNF-α水平;Western blot检测基质金属蛋白酶-2(MMP-2)、E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)、程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)及CCL2-CCR2信号通路蛋白表达。结果:在GC组织/细胞中,CCL2、CCR2蛋白及mRNA表达水平升高(P<0.05);UTI显著抑制AGS细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭及EMT,降低AGS细胞中MMP-2、Vimentin、PD-L1、CCL2、CCR2蛋白表达,升高E-cadherin蛋白表达(P<0.05);过表达CCL2可逆转UTI对细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及EMT的抑制作用;与T细胞组比较,共培养组CD8+T细胞IFN-γ、IL-2、TNF-α水平降低,细胞凋亡率升高(P<0.05);与共培养组比较,UTI组CD8+T细胞IFN-γ、IL-2、TNF-α水平升高,细胞凋亡率降低(P<0.05);与pcDNA组比较,pcDNA-CCL2组CD8+T细胞上述指标变化均显著逆转(P<0.05)。结论:UTI可能通过抑制CCL2-CCR2信号通路抑制AGS细胞的EMT和免疫逃逸。

青藤碱调节CXCR4-STAT3轴对卵巢癌A2780细胞增殖、迁移和血管生成拟态的影响

目的:探讨青藤碱(Sinomenine)对卵巢癌细胞增殖、迁移和血管生成拟态的影响及作用机制。方法:使用不同浓度(0、0.25、0.50、1.0、2.0、4.0、8.0 mmol/L)的青藤碱分别处理A2780细胞24、48 h, CCK-8法检测细胞存活率。将A2780细胞随机分为对照(Control)组、CXCR4激活剂基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)(SDF-1,100 ng/mL)组、CXCR4抑制剂普乐沙福(Plerixafor, 500 ng/mL)组、青藤碱(Sinomenine, 1.0 mmol/L)组、Sinomenine+SDF-1(1.0 mmol/L Sinomenine+100 ng/mL SDF-1)组,分别检测A2780细胞增殖、迁移与侵袭,体外血管生成拟态形成实验检测青藤碱对血管生成拟态的影响,Western blot法检测血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、上皮细胞激酶(EphA2)、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)、MMP-2、CXC趋化因子受体4(CXCR4)、信号转导与转录激活因子3(STAT3)、磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)蛋白表达。结果:青藤碱可有效抑制A2780细胞增殖,且呈浓度依赖性;青藤碱可显著抑制A2780细胞迁移、侵袭及血管生成拟态形成,并下调血管生成拟态标志蛋白VEGF、EphA2、MMP-9、MMP-2表达,抑制CXCR4、p-STAT3表达(P<0.05),青藤碱的这一抑制作用可被CXCR4激活剂减弱。结论:青藤碱可能通过抑制CXCR4-STAT3轴,抑制卵巢癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及血管生成拟态形成。

黄芩总黄酮对支气管哮喘大鼠的治疗作用及miR-133a-3p/NOX4/NLRP3信号轴表达的影响

目的黄芩总黄酮对支气管哮喘大鼠的治疗作用及miR-133a-3p/NOX4/NLRP3信号轴表达的影响。方法清洁级SD大鼠100只分为正常对照组、模型组、地塞米松组(200 mg/kg)、黄芩总黄酮低剂量组(100 mg/kg)、黄芩总黄酮高剂量组(200 mg/kg),每组20只。除正常对照组外,模型组、地塞米松组、黄芩总黄酮低高剂量组通过卵清蛋白(OVA)建立支气管哮喘模型,并予以相应药物干预。实验结束后,检测肺泡灌洗液淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比、白细胞计数,以及肺/体比值、肺损伤评分、动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))水平;反逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)及蛋白印迹法检测肺支气管组织微小RNA-133a-3p(miR-133a-3p)、NADPH氧化酶4(NOX4)、NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NLRP3)水平。结果与正常对照组比较,模型组肺泡灌洗液淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比、白细胞计数、肺/体比值、肺损伤评分,以及支气管组织中NOX4、NLRP3蛋白和mRNA表达水平升高,PaO_(2)水平、支气管组织中miR-133a-3p表达水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组比较,地塞米松组、黄芩总黄酮低剂量组和黄芩总黄酮高剂量组肺泡灌洗液淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比、白细胞计数、肺/体比值、肺损伤评分,以及支气管组织中NOX4、NLRP3蛋白和mRNA表达水平降低,PaO_(2)水平、支气管组织中miR-133a-3p表达水平升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与地塞米松组比较,黄芩总黄酮低剂量组、黄芩总黄酮高剂量组肺泡灌洗液淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比、白细胞计数、肺/体比值、肺损伤评分,以及支气管组织中NOX4、NLRP3蛋白和mRNA表达水平升高,PaO_(2)水平、支气管组织中miR-133a-3p表达水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与黄芩总黄酮低剂量组比较,黄芩总黄酮高剂量组肺泡灌洗液淋巴细胞百分比、中性粒细胞百分比、白细胞计数、肺/体比值、肺损伤评分,支气管组织中NOX4、NLRP3蛋白和mRNA表达水平升高,PaO_(2)水平、支气管组织中miR-133a-3p表达水平降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论黄芩总黄酮对大鼠支气管哮喘具有明显治疗作用,其机制可能与黄芩总黄酮促进miR-133a-3p的表达进而抑制NOX4/NLRP3信号轴的激活相关。

木犀草素对神经性疼痛模型大鼠MCP-1/CCR2信号轴的影响

目的:探讨木犀草素调节单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)/CC趋化因子受体2(CCR2)信号轴,对神经性疼痛(NP)模型大鼠神经胶质细胞激活和免疫炎症的影响。方法:采用坐骨神经慢性压迫损伤法构建大鼠NP模型。将大鼠按随机数字表法分为模型组、阿魏酸钠组及木犀草素低、中、高剂量组,每组12只;另选择同期12只大鼠为假手术组。各组大鼠腹腔注射及灌胃相应药物,每天1次,连续14 d。测定大鼠机械性缩足反射阈值(MWT)和热刺激缩足反射潜伏期(TWL);实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)及免疫组织化学法检测脊髓中胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)及小胶质细胞标志物离子钙接头蛋白分子1(Iba-1)mRNA及蛋白表达;流式细胞仪检测大鼠外周血中CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)水平;苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察大鼠脊髓病理损伤情况;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测脊髓中炎症因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)水平;蛋白质印迹法(Western blotting)检测脊髓中MCP-1、CCR2蛋白表达。结果:与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠MWT、TWL、CD4^(+)T细胞比例及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值降低,Iba-1、GFAP mRNA及蛋白表达、CD8^(+)T细胞比例、炎症因子水平(IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α)、MCP-1及CCR2蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与模型组比较,木犀草素低、中、高剂量组及阿魏酸钠组大鼠MWT、TWL、CD4^(+)T细胞比例及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值升高,Iba-1、GFAP mRNA及蛋白表达、CD8^(+)T细胞比例、炎症因子水平(IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α)、MCP-1及CCR2蛋白表达降低,且木犀草素作用效果呈剂量依赖性(P<0.05)。结论:木犀草素具有抗炎、增强免疫、抑制胶质细胞活化,缓解NP的作用,其作用机制可能与抑制MCP-1/CCR2信号轴的激活有关。

基于IL-6/JAK2/STAT3信号轴研究阳和平喘颗粒调控哮喘大鼠气道重塑作用机制

目的:研究阳和平喘颗粒对哮喘大鼠气道重塑及白细胞介素-6(IL-6)/Janus蛋白酪氨酸激酶2(JAK2)/信号转导和转录活化因子3(STAT3)信号轴在其中的作用机制。方法:选取健康雄性SD大鼠42只,随机数字法分为正常对照组7只与造模组35只,造模组采用卵清蛋白(OVA)联合氢氧化铝腹腔注射2周的方式进行致敏,正常对照组采用等量的生理盐水;2周后将造模组随机分为模型组、阳和平喘高、中、低剂量组和地塞米松组,每组7只;后4周采用OVA雾化+灌胃的方式进行激发和治疗,阳和平喘高中低组每日分别予以15.48、7.74、3.87 g/kg阳和平喘颗粒灌胃,地塞米松组予以0.0625 mg/kg地塞米松进行灌胃,其余组灌胃等量生理盐水。HE、PAS、Masson染色观察大鼠肺组织病理学变化;ELISA检测大鼠血清中IL-6、IL-23、IL-17A水平;Western blot检测肺组织中JAK-2、P-JAK2、STAT3、P-STAT3蛋白表达量;qRT-PCR检测大鼠肺组织中IL-6、JAK2、STAT3的mRNA水平。结果:与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠肺组织有大量炎性细胞浸润,杯状细胞增生、上皮下胶原纤维沉积、气道上皮增厚较为明显;血清中IL-6、IL-23、IL-17A水平显著升高(P<0.01),肺组织JAK-2、P-JAK2、STAT3、P-STAT3的蛋白表达量和IL-6、JAK2、STAT3的mRNA表达水平显著升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各给药组炎性细胞浸润、杯状细胞增生、上皮下胶原纤维沉积、气道上皮增厚程度明显减轻,血清中IL-6、IL-23、IL-17A水平显著降低(P<0.01),肺组织JAK-2、P-JAK2、STAT3、P-STAT3的蛋白表达量和IL-6、JAK2、STAT3的mRNA水平显著降低(P<0.01)。结论:阳和平喘颗粒可明显缓解哮喘大鼠气道重塑,其机制可能是通过抑制IL-6/JAK2/STAT3信号轴发挥作用。

丹参多糖经MAPK/ERK信号轴抑制对肺癌细胞A549增殖、迁移和凋亡的影响

目的 探讨丹参多糖经丝裂原激活蛋白激酶(MAPK)/细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)信号轴抑制对肺癌细胞A549增殖、迁移和凋亡的影响。方法 体外培养A549细胞,用不同质量浓度(0,1,2,4,8,16,32,64 mg/mL)丹参多糖干预48 h后,确定丹参多糖的半数抑制浓度(IC50);将A549细胞分为对照组、高剂量组、中剂量组和低剂量组(分别以0,8,4,2 mg/mL丹参多糖干预),以及抑制剂组(40μmol/L PD 98059)。采用划痕愈合试验检测A549细胞的迁移水平,采用流式细胞术检测A549细胞的凋亡情况,同时采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法和免疫印迹法分别检测A549细胞中MAPK、ERK、基质金属蛋白酶-9(MMP-9)、B细胞淋巴瘤2基因(Bcl-2)、胱天蛋白酶3(caspase-3)mRNA和蛋白表达水平。结果 随着丹参多糖质量浓度的增加,A549细胞增殖率显著降低(P <0.05);丹参多糖对A549细胞的IC50为7.82 mg/mL,高、中、低剂量组干预剂量分别为8,4,2 mg/mL。与对照组比较,抑制剂组,高、中、低剂量组细胞的迁移距离及MMP-9,MAPK,ERK,Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P <0.05),细胞凋亡率、caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P <0.05);与抑制剂组比较,高、中、低剂量组细胞的迁移距离及MMP-9,MAPK,ERK,Bcl-2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著升高(P <0.05),细胞凋亡率、caspase-3 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均显著降低(P <0.05),且随丹参多糖剂量的增加呈量效依赖关系(P <0.05)。结论 丹参多糖可能通过MAPK/ERK信号轴诱导A549细胞凋亡,抑制A549细胞增殖和迁移。

惯性空间TDI相机长弧段星源主动扫描设计

为了有效扩大惯性空间观测的幅宽范围和成像信噪比,提出了一种基于星等与光学多参量的映射函数的卫星与载荷姿频协同补偿的TDI相机长弧段星源主动扫描设计方法。首先,基于黑体辐射能量密度公式,构造TDI光学参量与极限探测星等之间的映射函数;然后,采用齐次坐标变换和欧拉轴最优路径规划方法,建立惯性空间卫星恒速机动和载荷动态实时补偿的长弧段星源扫描成像模型,完成动态星源无拖尾高信噪比成像。最后,基于平行实验理论,搭建由TDI相机和动态星源模拟器组成的实验系统,并完成了扫描成像实验和误差分析。实验结果表明,本体坐标系相对惯性坐标系的欧拉角速率为8.5(°)/s时,积分级数为96,TDI相机行频为1 kHz,成像时长10 s,TDI相机成像过程中星图成像信噪比最大值为7.325,扫描区域立体角为5.4232 rad。惯性空间TDI相机长弧段星源主动扫描可实现对星源高信噪比成像,并大幅拓展了成像观测范围。

基于RANKL/RANK/OPG信号轴探讨骨痹通消颗粒对激素性股骨头坏死模型小鼠的治疗作用

目的观察骨痹通消颗粒对激素性股骨头坏死模型小鼠的治疗作用,并从核因子-κB受体活化因子配体/核因子-κB受体活化因子/骨保护素(RANKL/RANK/OPG)信号轴探讨其作用机制。方法采取腹腔注射脂多糖和臀肌注射醋酸泼尼松龙复制激素性股骨头缺血坏死(SONFH)动物模型,经核磁共振鉴定后,将模型复制成功的60只小鼠分成模型(MC)组、骨痹通消颗粒(GBTX)组及通络生骨胶囊(PC)组,每组20只,另设12只正常小鼠作为空白对照(NC)组。分别予以对应组灌胃相应药物12周后麻醉状态下取材,观察各组小鼠治疗前后的一般行为;酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测各组小鼠的骨碱性磷酸酶(BALP)和I型氨基端延长肽(PINP)含量;Western blotting和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-qPCR)检测各组RANK、RANKL、OPG、磷脂酰肌醇特异性磷脂酶Cγ2(PLCγ2)、组织蛋白酶K(CTSK)、抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶(TRAP)的蛋白和基因表达。结果核磁共振显示,模型复制成功后的小鼠左侧髋部呈高信号状态。与NC组比较,MC组BALP、PINP水平,以及OPG蛋白和基因相对表达量均降低(P<0.05),RANK、RANKL、PLCγ2、CTSK、TRAP蛋白和基因相对表达量均升高(P<0.05);与MC组比较,GBTX组和PC组BALP、PINP水平,以及OPG蛋白和基因相对表达量均升高(P<0.05),RANK、RANKL、PLCγ2、CTSK、TRAP蛋白和基因相对表达量均下降(P<0.05);与GBTX组比较,PC组OPG、RANK、RANKL、CTSK、TRAP蛋白和基因相对表达量,以及PLCγ2蛋白相对表达量差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),而PC组PLCγ2基因相对表达量较GBTX组下降(P<0.05)。结论骨痹通消颗粒可能通过上调OPG表达,抑制RANK、RANKL、PLCγ2、CTSK和TRAP表达,从而改善股骨头坏死情况。

青蒿素通过TIGIT/CD155信号轴调控4T1乳腺癌细胞转移与凋亡

乳腺癌是严重影响女性生命健康的恶性肿瘤之一。近年来,中药植物活性成分-青蒿素(artemisinin, ART)的抗肿瘤作用愈显突出。然而,目前仍不清楚ART在治疗乳腺癌转移方面的效果及其作用机制。本文以小鼠乳腺癌细胞4T1及小鼠乳腺上皮细胞HC11为研究对象,探索ART抑制4T1细胞转移并诱导凋亡的作用,并揭示其可能的分子机制。MTS(CellTiter 96?AQueous One Solution Cell Proliferation Assay, MTS)实验表明,ART能够明显抑制4T1细胞活力,且具有ART浓度及处理时长依赖性。通过细胞集落形成、Transwell及细胞划痕结果分析发现,ART能够显著抑制乳腺癌4T1细胞转移。流式细胞术结果显示,ART能够促进肿瘤细胞的ROS产生、线粒体膜电位丧失、细胞周期阻滞进而引起细胞凋亡。生物信息分析方法及研究证实,TIGIT极显著高表达(P<0.001)与乳腺癌转移密切相关,ART能够显著降低TIGIT/CD155信号轴的基因表达水平(P<0.001,P<0.01)。综上所述,本研究初步揭示了ART可能通过阻断TIGIT/CD155信号轴抑制乳腺癌转移的调控机制,为ART作为乳腺癌的潜在治疗药物提供依据,有助于探索利用中药有效成分治疗肿瘤的新途径。

扁蒴藤素调节CCL2-CCR2信号轴对LPS诱导的肺泡上皮细胞损伤的影响

目的 探究扁蒴藤素(PT)调节CC趋化因子配体2(CCL2)-CC趋化因子受体2(CCR2)信号轴对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的肺泡上皮细胞损伤的影响。方法 常规培养肺泡上皮细胞A549,将其随机分为Control组(正常培养)、LPS组(10μg/mL LPS处理)、PT-L组(1μmol/L PT)、PT-H组(2μmol/L PT)和PT-H+RS504393组(2μmol/L PT+50 ng/mL CCL2抑制剂RS504393)。采用CCK-8法检测细胞活力;采用EdU实验测定细胞增殖情况;采用流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡情况;采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测细胞炎性因子肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-6水平;采用Western Blot检测各组细胞中CCL2、CCR2和凋亡相关蛋白表达水平。结果 与Control组比较,LPS组A549细胞吸光度(A)450(48、72 h)、细胞增殖率、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平下降(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平,CCL2、CCR2、Bax蛋白表达水平上升(P<0.05)。与LPS组比较,PT-L组、PT-H组A549细胞A450(48、72 h)、细胞增殖率、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平上升(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6水平,CCL2、CCR2、Bax蛋白表达水平下降(P<0.05)。CCL2抑制剂RS504393促进了PT对LPS诱导的肺泡上皮细胞损伤的改善作用。结论 PT可能通过下调CCL2-CCR2信号轴对LPS诱导的肺泡上皮细胞损伤具有改善作用。