“日语视听说”课程档案袋评价的有效性研究——基于M-GTA的学生反思

档案袋评价是我国当前课程评价改革的重要内容,其有效性逐渐受到外语教育领域的关注。文章基于修正版扎根理论研究方法(M-GTA),对学生的反思进行了质性分析,探讨“日语视听说”课程档案袋评价的有效性。本文梳理该课程档案袋评价实施的过程,分析学生的反思内容,归纳出档案袋评价学生反思过程框架图,明确了档案袋评价中的反思有助于促进学生语言能力的提高、自主学习能力的增强以及思辨能力的发展,反思对这三方面能力的促进是一个相互循环的过程。研究结果为教师运用档案袋评价提供了新的实践依据。

档案袋评价在外语专业课外自主学习中的作用——援用M-GTA对学习者的态度变化过程及原因的分析

本研究针对我国高校日语专业的基本学情,依据人本主义学习观,设计档案袋评价方案,并在日语专业高级日语的课外自主学习中开展实践。援用修正版扎根理论(M-GTA)研究方法,对实践后的访谈数据加以分析,以学习者对档案袋的态度转变过程为主线,尝试绘制档案袋的作用机制图。研究结果显示,伴随着实践的推进,学习者对档案袋的态度大致经历了从排斥到接纳,再到认同的三个阶段。而在第一阶段向第二阶段转变的过程中,由教师、同伴、课堂和小组构成的外部环境,为打破困局、推进实践,发挥了关键性作用。

Lifestyle Adjustment Process to Maintain Family Life for Mothers with Children Who Need Home Medical Care

This aim is to clarify lifestyle adjustment process to maintain family life for mothers with children who need home medical care. We conducted semi-structured interviews with the mothers of children who required home medical care comprising procedures such as suction of sputum and respiratory management over a period of several years since the initiation of home medical care, and analyzed the results using the modified grounded theory approach (M-GTA). We found the process to be composed of nine categories. Immediately after their child who required home medical care began living at home, mothers were concerned about the protection of their unstable child and, therefore, made care of the child a priority. However, they gradually started experiencing the need to engage services for the child in the course of their daily lives and live their lives with assistance. In the course of this new lifestyle, mothers began to regulate their fluctuating feelings and discover a new lifestyle for the family by making the father’s role clear and having him take on some responsibilities, such as dealing with people outside the household. As a result, once making home medical care consistent with the family’s lifestyle, even if this care was not at the same level as that provided while the child was hospitalized, mothers felt they found a way that allowed them to spend time with their other children. In addition, they began to perceive the necessity of maintaining their health, which is crucial to the child’s care. Overall, this facilitated incorporation of prospects for the family’s future life because they tended to pay more attention to their health and the health of their other children. Further, this contributed in coordination of the selection of services that would benefit the entire family, thereby maintaining the family’s lifestyle.

The Process of Support by Nursing Professionals for Families Having a Member with Borderline Personality Disorder

The purpose of this study was to explore the process of family support provided by nurses to families with a borderline personality disorder (BPD) patient. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 nurses who had provided care to BPD patients. Data obtained from the interviews were qualitatively analyzed using a modified grounded theory approach. As an overall core category of family support processes practiced by nurses for families with BPD patients, family support practiced without awareness that the nurses were supporting families was extracted. Through this process, nurses held perceptions that were premises for family support, which were formed through their individual nursing experiences and perspectives. Nurses also had diverse perceptions concerning the image of families. Through the integration of perceptions that were premises for family support and perceptions of an image of the family, nurses underwent a process of “determination and ambivalence about the need for family support.” Then, nurses provided “family support practice” when they acknowledged the need for family support. During the “family support practice,” nurses had difficulties in providing family support. When family support was not successfully provided, nurses provided “family support practice with seeking more effective ways through trial and error.” For cases in which nurses did not acknowledge the need for intervention, they intentionally chose “not to provide family support.” Furthermore, during the “family support practice,” nurses had contradictory perspectives of family support. Such family support processes ultimately led to an awareness of the same family support required for the future. Family support was provided with “family support practice” and “family support practice with seeking more effective ways through trial and error.” In some cases, however, the process ended in “not to provide family support intentionally.” Experiences and perspectives in providing family support are important factors in carrying out future family support. Developing the positive implications of these factors and reducing psychological strain on nurses may ensure smooth implementation of family support. Thus, nurses need to recognize that they are supporting the family, which is identified as a core category.

宁夏地区血液透析患者生存状态的质性研究

目的 探讨宁夏地区血液透析患者生存状态.方法 应用日本学者木下康仁的修正版扎根理论研究方法,对15名血液透析患者进行访谈,访谈资料用质的归纳性持续比较分析.结果 宁夏地区血液透析患者生存状态提炼出2个相对存在的主题＂无奈的透析人生＂＂回归社会的渴望＂,前者包含＂困顿生活＂＂易感心理＂2个副主题,后者包含＂珍惜生命＂＂渴望关注＂2个副主题.结论 建立社会支持体系,改善血液透析患者生命质量,促进回归社会.