Anatomy and ontogeny of unisexual flowers in dioecious Woonyoungia septentrionalis (Dandy) Law (Magnoliaceae)

Woonyoungia septentrionalis （Dandy） Law is aceae. The floral morphology and structure of the species a dioecious species with unisexual flowers in Magnoliare conspicuously different from other species and are important to the study of floral phylogeny in this family. The floral anatomy and ontogeny were investigated to evaluate the systematic position of W. septentrionalis, using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. All of the floral organs are initiated acropetally and spirally. The carpels are of conduplicated type without the differentiation of stigma and style. The degenerated stamens in the female flowers have the same structures as the normal stamens at the earlier developmental stages, but they do not undergo successive development and eventually degenerate. The male floral apex was observed to have the remnants of carpels in a few investigated samples. As the bisexual flower features could be traced both in the male and female flowers in W. septentrionalis, it suggests that the flower sex in Magnoliaceae tends toward unisexual. As well as the unisexual flowers, the reduced tepals and carpels and concrescence of carpels conform to the specialized tendency in Magnoliaceae, which confirms the derived position of W. septentrionalis in this family. As the initiation pattern of floral parts of W. septentrionalis is very similar to other species in this family, it needs further investigation and especially comparison with species in Kmeria to evaluate the separation of Woonyoungia.

合肥木兰科绿化植物的应用(英文)

The study made a comprehensive survey and analysis on application status and disposition features of Magnoliaceae plants in gardens of Hefei City.The survey showed that there were 24 tree species of Magnoliaceae belonging to 6 genera having been applied in gardens of Hefei City,among which Magnolia grandiflora was the most widely applied and next was Magnolia denudate.Finally,scientific analysis had been conducted on application prospect of Magnoliaceae plants in garden greening.

基于醇溶蛋白的木兰科植物鉴定技术研究

木兰科(Magnoliaceae)植物分布范围广且属种多样,属种之间形态结构差异存在许多过渡类型,在属与种之间的鉴定上存在很多争议。目前,对于木兰科植物种子分类和鉴定研究中,通常以植物学形状特征作为鉴定方法。为了探索对木兰科植物种子进行鉴别的有效途径,采用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对10种木兰科植物种子醇溶蛋白进行分析。结果发现,10种木兰科植物共分离出61条谱带,条带数大多在6~7,最多为9条,最少的6条。利用Quantityone软件对电泳谱带进行分析,发现不同种之间谱带都存在差异性,可以通过种子醇溶蛋白谱带进行木兰科植物物种鉴别。

An elliptical blade is not a true ellipse,but a superellipse–Evidence from two Michelia species

The shape of leaf laminae exhibits considerable diversity and complexity that reflects adaptations to environmental factors such as ambient light and precipitation as well as phyletic legacy.Many leaves appear to be elliptical which may represent a‘default’developmental condition.However,whether their geometry truly conforms to the ellipse equation(EE),i.e.,(x/a)^(2)+(y/b)^(2)=1,remains conjectural.One alternative is described by the superellipse equation(SE),a generalized version of EE,i.e.,|x/a|^(n)+|y/b|^(n)=1.To test the efficacy of EE versus SE to describe leaf geometry,the leaf shapes of two Michelia species(i.e.,M.cavaleriei var.platypetala,and M.maudiae),were investigated using 60 leaves from each species.Analysis shows that the majority of leaves(118 out of 120)had adjusted root-mean-square errors of<0.05 for the nonlinear fitting of SE to leaf geometry,i.e.,the mean absolute deviation from the polar point to leaf marginal points was smaller than 5%of the radius of a hypothesized circle with its area equaling leaf area.The estimates of n for the two species were<2,indicating that all sampled leaves conformed to SE and not to EE.This study confirms the existence of SE in leaves,linking this to its potential functional advantages,particularly the possible influence of leaf shape on hydraulic conductance.

Two new neolignans from Manglietia insignis

Two new neolignans,manneoinsigins A(1)and B(2),together with four known lignans,were isolated from the leaves and stems of Manglietia insignis.The new compounds were established on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analyses.All compounds except 2 were tested for their cytotoxic activity.Compound 3 showed weak cytotoxic activity against the HL-60 human tumor cell line with the IC50 value of 23.5μM.

甘肃木兰科濒危植物资源现状与保护对策

通过历史资料收集、查阅标本和实地调查,对甘肃木兰科濒危植物资源进行了研究,结果表明:甘肃共有木兰科濒危植物2属5种,其中国家级濒危保护植物4种,它们具有分布局限性、区系复杂性和起源古老性等特点,从生殖障碍、生态环境恶化、人类经济活动等方面分析了甘肃木兰科植物濒危原因,提出了保护对策。

Ecological monophagy in Tasmanian Graphium macleayanum moggana with evolutionary reflections of ancient angiosperm hosts

Local host plant specialization in an insect herbivore may be caused by numerous factors, including host-specific natural enemy pressures or a local lack of suitable host-plant choices that are available elsewhere in its range. Such local specialization or ＂ecological monophagy＇, for whatever reason, may reflect reduced ability to behaviourally accept or physiologically utilize other allopatric hosts that are naturally used elsewhere by the species. We tested this feeding specialization hypothesis using the Tasmanian subspecies of Macleay＇s swallowtail butterfly, Graphium macleayanum moggana （Papilionidae）, which uses only a single host-plant species, Antherosperma moschatum （southern sassafras, of the Monlmiaceae）. Further north, this same butterfly species （G. m. macleayanum） uses at least 13 host-plant species from seven genera and four families （Lauraceae, Rutaceae, Winteraceae, and Monlmiaceae）. Our larval feeding assays with G. m. moggana from Tasmania showed that certain Magnoliaceae and Lauraceae could support some larval growth to pupation. However, such growth was slower and survival was lower than observed on their normal southern sassafras host （Monimiaceae）. We also found that toxicity of particular plant species varied tremendously within plant families （for both the Magnoliceae and the Monlmiaceae）.