As we all know, Immanuel Kant holds the view that human beings are quintessentially rational creatures; hence, the emotions are not much more than a form of excessive psychological baggage that human beings could do w...As we all know, Immanuel Kant holds the view that human beings are quintessentially rational creatures; hence, the emotions are not much more than a form of excessive psychological baggage that human beings could do without. Indeed, for anyone familiar with the television series Star Trek, it would seem that according to Kant human beings bear a quite striking resemblance to the individual known as Spock who is a Vulcan and thus a completely rational creature who does not have emotions and feelings. For Kant, that is how human beings should be when they are at their very best as rational creatures. Interestingly, a question that mightily presents itself is whether or not evolution supports Kant＇s ideal conception of human beings as quintessentially rational creatures. It is quite clear that, unlike Vulcans, human beings are capable of emotions and feelings. Indeed, the capacity for emotions and feelings clearly constitutes a fundamental part of the biological make-up of human beings. With that reality, there are two primary ways we can go. On the one hand, we can hold that notwithstanding the capacity that human beings have for emotions and feelings, it is nonetheless the case that humans should mightily strive to realize the Kantian conception of the rational self. On the other hand, we can hold that the emotions and feelings play a very profound and fundamental role in the survival and self-realization of human beings. In what follows, I shall offer a number of considerations in support of the second line of thought; for in point of fact, the first option is not really an option given the psychological configuration of human beings.展开更多
The functioning mechanism of groundwater and its make-up water in the process of ground subsidence was studied from such three aspects as osmotic corrasion, osmotic pressure effect and concretion effect, As to osmotic...The functioning mechanism of groundwater and its make-up water in the process of ground subsidence was studied from such three aspects as osmotic corrasion, osmotic pressure effect and concretion effect, As to osmotic corrasion, its forming conditions, mechanical mechanism and process were analyzed, As to osmotic pressure effect, it was mainly studied from hydrostatic pressurizing effect, sop softening effect and negative pressure sealing effect. Through concretion and saturation of soil, the factors of concretion settlement were analyzed. The results showed that both groundwater and its make-up water are important triggering factors to ground subsidence.展开更多
为研究ø139.7 mm×9.17 mm IEU S135特殊螺纹钻杆接头的上扣力学特性,建立了包含进、退刀槽结构的双台肩钻杆接头三维非线性有限元模型,考虑材料非线性、结构非对称、螺旋升角和各啮合面接触等因素,采用ABAQUS/Explicit有限元...为研究ø139.7 mm×9.17 mm IEU S135特殊螺纹钻杆接头的上扣力学特性,建立了包含进、退刀槽结构的双台肩钻杆接头三维非线性有限元模型,考虑材料非线性、结构非对称、螺旋升角和各啮合面接触等因素,采用ABAQUS/Explicit有限元方法对上扣扭矩作用下钻杆接头关键结构的应力分布特性进行分析。研究结果表明:钻杆接头整体等效应力分布不均,在横截面内呈轴对称分布,关键结构处应力集中显著,最大等效应力未超过材料屈服强度;钻杆接头台肩上的径向预留间隙和其过渡圆角处的结构非连续对台肩面的等效应力及接触压力分布影响显著;钻杆接头螺纹段的等效应力和接触压力均呈“U”形分布,应力整体分布均匀,螺纹接头前3扣与后3扣的承载比之差为8.6%,表明接头承载性能较佳。对有限元模拟结果进行实物验证试验对比分析,试验结果与有限元模拟结果基本符合。分析结果可为钻具优化设计及安全应用提供数据支撑。展开更多
文摘As we all know, Immanuel Kant holds the view that human beings are quintessentially rational creatures; hence, the emotions are not much more than a form of excessive psychological baggage that human beings could do without. Indeed, for anyone familiar with the television series Star Trek, it would seem that according to Kant human beings bear a quite striking resemblance to the individual known as Spock who is a Vulcan and thus a completely rational creature who does not have emotions and feelings. For Kant, that is how human beings should be when they are at their very best as rational creatures. Interestingly, a question that mightily presents itself is whether or not evolution supports Kant＇s ideal conception of human beings as quintessentially rational creatures. It is quite clear that, unlike Vulcans, human beings are capable of emotions and feelings. Indeed, the capacity for emotions and feelings clearly constitutes a fundamental part of the biological make-up of human beings. With that reality, there are two primary ways we can go. On the one hand, we can hold that notwithstanding the capacity that human beings have for emotions and feelings, it is nonetheless the case that humans should mightily strive to realize the Kantian conception of the rational self. On the other hand, we can hold that the emotions and feelings play a very profound and fundamental role in the survival and self-realization of human beings. In what follows, I shall offer a number of considerations in support of the second line of thought; for in point of fact, the first option is not really an option given the psychological configuration of human beings.
基金financially supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.50490271)the National Key Technologies R & D Program of China (No.2004BA615A-18).
文摘The functioning mechanism of groundwater and its make-up water in the process of ground subsidence was studied from such three aspects as osmotic corrasion, osmotic pressure effect and concretion effect, As to osmotic corrasion, its forming conditions, mechanical mechanism and process were analyzed, As to osmotic pressure effect, it was mainly studied from hydrostatic pressurizing effect, sop softening effect and negative pressure sealing effect. Through concretion and saturation of soil, the factors of concretion settlement were analyzed. The results showed that both groundwater and its make-up water are important triggering factors to ground subsidence.
文摘为研究ø139.7 mm×9.17 mm IEU S135特殊螺纹钻杆接头的上扣力学特性,建立了包含进、退刀槽结构的双台肩钻杆接头三维非线性有限元模型,考虑材料非线性、结构非对称、螺旋升角和各啮合面接触等因素,采用ABAQUS/Explicit有限元方法对上扣扭矩作用下钻杆接头关键结构的应力分布特性进行分析。研究结果表明:钻杆接头整体等效应力分布不均,在横截面内呈轴对称分布,关键结构处应力集中显著,最大等效应力未超过材料屈服强度;钻杆接头台肩上的径向预留间隙和其过渡圆角处的结构非连续对台肩面的等效应力及接触压力分布影响显著;钻杆接头螺纹段的等效应力和接触压力均呈“U”形分布,应力整体分布均匀,螺纹接头前3扣与后3扣的承载比之差为8.6%,表明接头承载性能较佳。对有限元模拟结果进行实物验证试验对比分析,试验结果与有限元模拟结果基本符合。分析结果可为钻具优化设计及安全应用提供数据支撑。
