Current superconducting memory devices lack the basic quality of high memory density for practical memories,mainly due to the size limitations of superconducting quantum interference devices.Here,we propose a supercon...Current superconducting memory devices lack the basic quality of high memory density for practical memories,mainly due to the size limitations of superconducting quantum interference devices.Here,we propose a superconductor–ferromagnet bilayer device with strain-pulse-assisted multi-bit ladder-type memory,by using strain-engineered ferromagnet domain structure to control carrier concentration in the superconductor,which is simulated by coupled Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert and Ginzburg–Landau equations.Current-and strain-pulses are observed to deterministically control the resistivity of superconductor for one and two-bit device arrangements.The average carrier concentration of superconductor is observed to have multiple metastable states that can be controllably switched using current-pulse and strain-pulse to determine multiple resistivity states.These findings confirm the eligibility of superconductor–ferromagnet bilayers to be used as ladder-type multibit memories and open a new way for further theoretical and experimental investigations of the cryogenic memories.展开更多
Background: It is said that after ICU discharge, 40% of patients suffer from acute stress symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, caused by “distorted memories” (memory loss and delusions) due to various treatment...Background: It is said that after ICU discharge, 40% of patients suffer from acute stress symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, caused by “distorted memories” (memory loss and delusions) due to various treatments in the ICU. This study focused on the quantitative and qualitative effects of ICU diaries on distorted memories that patients encountered during their time in the ICU. Aim: To assess improving distorted memories by providing information during ICU admission to patients to relieve the acute stress symptoms after ICU discharge. Design and Methods: This nonrandomized controlled trial included patients aged ≥20 years who had received treatment for ≥3 days in the ICU. Using ICU memory tool, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Acute Stress Disorder Scale (ASDS) approximately 1 week after ICU discharge, then HADS and ASDS prior to hospital discharge, the change in mean values were compared between two groups (control and intervention) using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The intervention group was surveyed prior to hospital discharge using semi-structured interviews, and descriptions were analyzed by the content analysis method of Krippendorff. Results: Twenty-three participants were included in the control group, and 17 in the intervention group. When comparing subjects with distorted memories between the groups, we found reduced values for HADS anxiety (7.1 ± 3.8 to 5.7 ± 2.7, p = 0.011), HADS depression (8.6 ± 5.0 to 7.2 ± 4.3, p = 0.003), and ASDS (46.9 ± 13.8 to 43.8 ± 11.4, p = 0.012) in the intervention group. Based on the narrations, patients wanted to investigate facts in the ICU diary while having someone help them to remember these events. Conclusion: Improving distorted memories during ICU admissions may relieve acute stress symptoms. In addition, these patients needed someone to investigate facts from the ICU admission.展开更多
Nano-floating gate memory devices with ZnO nano-crystals as charge storage layers are fabricated,and the influence of post-deposition annealing temperature and thickness of the ZnO layer are investigated.Atomic force ...Nano-floating gate memory devices with ZnO nano-crystals as charge storage layers are fabricated,and the influence of post-deposition annealing temperature and thickness of the ZnO layer are investigated.Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy reveal the morphology of discrete ZnO nano-crystals.For capacitance-voltage measurements,it is found that the memory device with 1.5 nm ZnO and annealed at 700℃shows a larger memory window of 4.3 V（at±6 V）and better retention characteristics than memoriy devices with2.5 nm ZnO or annealed at other temperatures.These results indicate that the nano-floating gate memory with ZnO nano-crystals can obtain good trade-off memory properties.展开更多
My Memories of Old Beijing,from the perspective of contemporary Aesthetics,explores the position of people in the multicontext-overlapping society,including pre-modern,modern,post-modern eras,by the mechanism of Audio...My Memories of Old Beijing,from the perspective of contemporary Aesthetics,explores the position of people in the multicontext-overlapping society,including pre-modern,modern,post-modern eras,by the mechanism of Audio-video Montage.Its aesthetic significance lies in its representation of one way to revolt against fate in the course of Chinese modernization,its effective change of realistic people’s emotional structure,and hence one modern form of tragic humanism.展开更多
Memory traces become labile at the time of retrieval, and this initiates two protein synthesis-dependent processes in the brain: extinction, which inhibits their further retrieval, and reconsolidation, which may enhan...Memory traces become labile at the time of retrieval, and this initiates two protein synthesis-dependent processes in the brain: extinction, which inhibits their further retrieval, and reconsolidation, which may enhance retrieval or change the memory’s content. Extinction may itself suffer reconsolidation. Interactions between these processes may be applied to the treatment of fear memories, such as those underlying the post-traumatic stress disorder.展开更多
Cu/HfOx/n^＋Si devices are fabricated to investigate the influence of technological parameters including film thickness and Ar/02 ratio on the resistive switching （RS） characteristics of HfOx films, in terms of swit...Cu/HfOx/n^＋Si devices are fabricated to investigate the influence of technological parameters including film thickness and Ar/02 ratio on the resistive switching （RS） characteristics of HfOx films, in terms of switch ratio, endurance properties, retention time and multilevel storage. It is revealed that the RS characteristics show strong dependence on technological parameters mainly by altering the defects （oxygen vacancies） in the film. The sample with thickness of 2Onto and Ar/O2 ratio of 12：3 exhibits the best RS behavior with the potential of multilevel storage. The conduction mechanism of all the films is interpreted based on the filamentary model.展开更多
Based on a detailed analysis of all the works written by contemporary American writer Philip Roth,Xin Huimin’s monograph A Study of the Writing of the Memories in Philip Roth’s Fiction divides his literary writing c...Based on a detailed analysis of all the works written by contemporary American writer Philip Roth,Xin Huimin’s monograph A Study of the Writing of the Memories in Philip Roth’s Fiction divides his literary writing career of more than half a century into three phases:the Jewish writing phase,the American writing phase and the phase of“late style”writing.Drawing on related theories of memory,Xin explores how the protagonists in Roth’s seven novels use their various modes of memory to fashion and reconstruct their ethnical,national and personal identity,and further points out that these three distinct phases correspond to Roth’s shifts from a Jewish writer,an American writer,and to an aging writer.The book comprehensively manifests Roth’s ethical concerns,his political appeal and the aesthetic value of his works.展开更多
Through specific examples of five different metropolises in globalization,New York,Paris,Rome,Prague and Bordeaux,the sources of prosperity and urbanity are not the same when urban history prevails in our memories or ...Through specific examples of five different metropolises in globalization,New York,Paris,Rome,Prague and Bordeaux,the sources of prosperity and urbanity are not the same when urban history prevails in our memories or when our memories claim to write its history.Yet everything can be lived differently when both are brought together and when they write their space-time together.展开更多
The author's practice of translation—Memories of Qingdao is selected from Liang Shiqiu's works, and he is a Chinese famous contemporary prose writer. The Chinese original version of Memories of Qingdao doesn&...The author's practice of translation—Memories of Qingdao is selected from Liang Shiqiu's works, and he is a Chinese famous contemporary prose writer. The Chinese original version of Memories of Qingdao doesn't have its English translation yet,and this part is also selected as English World Cup's competition text in 2019. The study object in this thesis is the translation practice of Memories of Qingdao and the main theoretical foundation is semantic translation, combining with communicative translation as the auxiliary translation theory to modify and improve the translation text. This aim of this translation practice report is to introduce Chinese excellent literary works to foreign readers as well as to spread Chinese excellent cultures. Meanwhile, its purpose also includes the self-promotion of literary connotation and translation competence, providing more conference in the field of literary translation.展开更多
AMONG his many titles, which include honorifics like Secretary General, Vice Minister and Ambassadorial Commercial Counselor, Africa Expert may be the best tag for Wei lianguo.
XINGJlAO Temple in Xi＇an of Shaanxi Province, built about 1,300 years ago, experienced an instant rise to fame in April, not only because it houses the relics of Xuan Zang, a famous Buddhist monk and Chinese pilgrim ...XINGJlAO Temple in Xi＇an of Shaanxi Province, built about 1,300 years ago, experienced an instant rise to fame in April, not only because it houses the relics of Xuan Zang, a famous Buddhist monk and Chinese pilgrim to India in the seventh century, but also for a local government plan to remove large sections of the temple complex.展开更多
Bobuafrica encourages responsible travel and hopes that more Chinese can act as cultural ambassadors by communicating in depth with local Africans. This helps us get to know Africa better and vice versa.
THE passing of an icon gives time to pause and reflect. I was fortunate enough to interact with and photograph the late President Nelson Mandela on several occasions while working for a media group in South Africa in ...THE passing of an icon gives time to pause and reflect. I was fortunate enough to interact with and photograph the late President Nelson Mandela on several occasions while working for a media group in South Africa in the 1990s. It was a time when the country was making its stuttering transition from an apartheid white-dominated regime to a new dispensation of black majority rule.展开更多
Do you want to know something about my mother’s childhood?Now let me tell you about it.My mother used to live in a huge mountain.She used to catch dragonflies(蜻蜓).There was very little pollution(污染)at that time s...Do you want to know something about my mother’s childhood?Now let me tell you about it.My mother used to live in a huge mountain.She used to catch dragonflies(蜻蜓).There was very little pollution(污染)at that time so there were a lot of dragonflies.My mother andher friends used to tie colorful strings(绳子)on their tails and put them back to the nature.展开更多
In this paper, a novel design procedure is proposed for synthesizing high-capacity auto-associative memories based on complex-valued neural networks with real-imaginary-type activation functions and constant delays. S...In this paper, a novel design procedure is proposed for synthesizing high-capacity auto-associative memories based on complex-valued neural networks with real-imaginary-type activation functions and constant delays. Stability criteria dependent on external inputs of neural networks are derived. The designed networks can retrieve the stored patterns by external inputs rather than initial conditions. The derivation can memorize the desired patterns with lower-dimensional neural networks than real-valued neural networks, and eliminate spurious equilibria of complex-valued neural networks. One numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness and superiority of the presented results.展开更多
Non-volatile memory based on TiN nanocrystal （TiN-NC） charge storage nodes embedded in SiO2 has been fabricated and its electrical properties have been measured. It was found that the density and size distribution o...Non-volatile memory based on TiN nanocrystal （TiN-NC） charge storage nodes embedded in SiO2 has been fabricated and its electrical properties have been measured. It was found that the density and size distribution of TiN-NCs can be controlled by annealing temperature. The formation of well separated crystalline TiN nano-dots with an average size of 5 nm is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the existence of a transition layer of TiNxOy/SiON oxide between TiN-NC and SiO2, which reduces the barrier height of tunnel oxide and thereby enhances programming/erasing speed. The memory device shows a memory window of 2.5V and an endurance cycle throughout 10^5. Its charging mechanism, which is interpreted from the analysis of programming speed （dVth/dt） and the gate leakage versus voltage characteristics （Ig vs Vg）, has been explained by direct tunnelling for tunnel oxide and Fowler Nordheim tunnelling for control oxide at programming voltages lower than 9V, and by Fowler-Nordheim tunnelling for both the oxides at programming voltages higher than 9V.展开更多
Pattem imprinting in deep sub-micron static random access memories （SRAMs） during total dose irradiation is inves- tigated in detail. As the dose accumulates, the data pattern of memory cells loading during irradiat...Pattem imprinting in deep sub-micron static random access memories （SRAMs） during total dose irradiation is inves- tigated in detail. As the dose accumulates, the data pattern of memory cells loading during irradiation is gradually imprinted on their background data pattern. We build a relationship between the memory cell＇s static noise margin （SNM） and the background data, and study the influence of irradiation on the probability density function of ASNM, which is the difference between two data sides＇ SNMs, to discuss the reason for pattern imprinting. Finally, we demonstrate that, for micron and deep sub-micron devices, the mechanism of pattern imprinting is the bias-dependent threshold shift of the transistor, but for a deep sub-micron device the shift results from charge trapping in the shallow trench isolation （STI） oxide rather than from the gate oxide of the micron-device.展开更多
基金Project sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52150410420 and 51972028)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0307900)。
文摘Current superconducting memory devices lack the basic quality of high memory density for practical memories,mainly due to the size limitations of superconducting quantum interference devices.Here,we propose a superconductor–ferromagnet bilayer device with strain-pulse-assisted multi-bit ladder-type memory,by using strain-engineered ferromagnet domain structure to control carrier concentration in the superconductor,which is simulated by coupled Landau–Lifshitz–Gilbert and Ginzburg–Landau equations.Current-and strain-pulses are observed to deterministically control the resistivity of superconductor for one and two-bit device arrangements.The average carrier concentration of superconductor is observed to have multiple metastable states that can be controllably switched using current-pulse and strain-pulse to determine multiple resistivity states.These findings confirm the eligibility of superconductor–ferromagnet bilayers to be used as ladder-type multibit memories and open a new way for further theoretical and experimental investigations of the cryogenic memories.
文摘Background: It is said that after ICU discharge, 40% of patients suffer from acute stress symptoms, such as anxiety and depression, caused by “distorted memories” (memory loss and delusions) due to various treatments in the ICU. This study focused on the quantitative and qualitative effects of ICU diaries on distorted memories that patients encountered during their time in the ICU. Aim: To assess improving distorted memories by providing information during ICU admission to patients to relieve the acute stress symptoms after ICU discharge. Design and Methods: This nonrandomized controlled trial included patients aged ≥20 years who had received treatment for ≥3 days in the ICU. Using ICU memory tool, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Acute Stress Disorder Scale (ASDS) approximately 1 week after ICU discharge, then HADS and ASDS prior to hospital discharge, the change in mean values were compared between two groups (control and intervention) using a Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The intervention group was surveyed prior to hospital discharge using semi-structured interviews, and descriptions were analyzed by the content analysis method of Krippendorff. Results: Twenty-three participants were included in the control group, and 17 in the intervention group. When comparing subjects with distorted memories between the groups, we found reduced values for HADS anxiety (7.1 ± 3.8 to 5.7 ± 2.7, p = 0.011), HADS depression (8.6 ± 5.0 to 7.2 ± 4.3, p = 0.003), and ASDS (46.9 ± 13.8 to 43.8 ± 11.4, p = 0.012) in the intervention group. Based on the narrations, patients wanted to investigate facts in the ICU diary while having someone help them to remember these events. Conclusion: Improving distorted memories during ICU admissions may relieve acute stress symptoms. In addition, these patients needed someone to investigate facts from the ICU admission.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 61404055
文摘Nano-floating gate memory devices with ZnO nano-crystals as charge storage layers are fabricated,and the influence of post-deposition annealing temperature and thickness of the ZnO layer are investigated.Atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy reveal the morphology of discrete ZnO nano-crystals.For capacitance-voltage measurements,it is found that the memory device with 1.5 nm ZnO and annealed at 700℃shows a larger memory window of 4.3 V（at±6 V）and better retention characteristics than memoriy devices with2.5 nm ZnO or annealed at other temperatures.These results indicate that the nano-floating gate memory with ZnO nano-crystals can obtain good trade-off memory properties.
文摘My Memories of Old Beijing,from the perspective of contemporary Aesthetics,explores the position of people in the multicontext-overlapping society,including pre-modern,modern,post-modern eras,by the mechanism of Audio-video Montage.Its aesthetic significance lies in its representation of one way to revolt against fate in the course of Chinese modernization,its effective change of realistic people’s emotional structure,and hence one modern form of tragic humanism.
文摘Memory traces become labile at the time of retrieval, and this initiates two protein synthesis-dependent processes in the brain: extinction, which inhibits their further retrieval, and reconsolidation, which may enhance retrieval or change the memory’s content. Extinction may itself suffer reconsolidation. Interactions between these processes may be applied to the treatment of fear memories, such as those underlying the post-traumatic stress disorder.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 51202196the National Aerospace Science Foundation of China under Grant No 2013ZF53067+2 种基金the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China under Grant No 2014JQ6204the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No 3102014JCQ01032the 111 Project under Grant No B08040
文摘Cu/HfOx/n^＋Si devices are fabricated to investigate the influence of technological parameters including film thickness and Ar/02 ratio on the resistive switching （RS） characteristics of HfOx films, in terms of switch ratio, endurance properties, retention time and multilevel storage. It is revealed that the RS characteristics show strong dependence on technological parameters mainly by altering the defects （oxygen vacancies） in the film. The sample with thickness of 2Onto and Ar/O2 ratio of 12：3 exhibits the best RS behavior with the potential of multilevel storage. The conduction mechanism of all the films is interpreted based on the filamentary model.
文摘Based on a detailed analysis of all the works written by contemporary American writer Philip Roth,Xin Huimin’s monograph A Study of the Writing of the Memories in Philip Roth’s Fiction divides his literary writing career of more than half a century into three phases:the Jewish writing phase,the American writing phase and the phase of“late style”writing.Drawing on related theories of memory,Xin explores how the protagonists in Roth’s seven novels use their various modes of memory to fashion and reconstruct their ethnical,national and personal identity,and further points out that these three distinct phases correspond to Roth’s shifts from a Jewish writer,an American writer,and to an aging writer.The book comprehensively manifests Roth’s ethical concerns,his political appeal and the aesthetic value of his works.
文摘Through specific examples of five different metropolises in globalization,New York,Paris,Rome,Prague and Bordeaux,the sources of prosperity and urbanity are not the same when urban history prevails in our memories or when our memories claim to write its history.Yet everything can be lived differently when both are brought together and when they write their space-time together.
文摘The author's practice of translation—Memories of Qingdao is selected from Liang Shiqiu's works, and he is a Chinese famous contemporary prose writer. The Chinese original version of Memories of Qingdao doesn't have its English translation yet,and this part is also selected as English World Cup's competition text in 2019. The study object in this thesis is the translation practice of Memories of Qingdao and the main theoretical foundation is semantic translation, combining with communicative translation as the auxiliary translation theory to modify and improve the translation text. This aim of this translation practice report is to introduce Chinese excellent literary works to foreign readers as well as to spread Chinese excellent cultures. Meanwhile, its purpose also includes the self-promotion of literary connotation and translation competence, providing more conference in the field of literary translation.
文摘AMONG his many titles, which include honorifics like Secretary General, Vice Minister and Ambassadorial Commercial Counselor, Africa Expert may be the best tag for Wei lianguo.
文摘XINGJlAO Temple in Xi＇an of Shaanxi Province, built about 1,300 years ago, experienced an instant rise to fame in April, not only because it houses the relics of Xuan Zang, a famous Buddhist monk and Chinese pilgrim to India in the seventh century, but also for a local government plan to remove large sections of the temple complex.
文摘Bobuafrica encourages responsible travel and hopes that more Chinese can act as cultural ambassadors by communicating in depth with local Africans. This helps us get to know Africa better and vice versa.
文摘THE passing of an icon gives time to pause and reflect. I was fortunate enough to interact with and photograph the late President Nelson Mandela on several occasions while working for a media group in South Africa in the 1990s. It was a time when the country was making its stuttering transition from an apartheid white-dominated regime to a new dispensation of black majority rule.
文摘Do you want to know something about my mother’s childhood?Now let me tell you about it.My mother used to live in a huge mountain.She used to catch dragonflies(蜻蜓).There was very little pollution(污染)at that time so there were a lot of dragonflies.My mother andher friends used to tie colorful strings(绳子)on their tails and put them back to the nature.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61503338,61573316,61374152,and 11302195)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.LQ15F030005)
文摘In this paper, a novel design procedure is proposed for synthesizing high-capacity auto-associative memories based on complex-valued neural networks with real-imaginary-type activation functions and constant delays. Stability criteria dependent on external inputs of neural networks are derived. The designed networks can retrieve the stored patterns by external inputs rather than initial conditions. The derivation can memorize the desired patterns with lower-dimensional neural networks than real-valued neural networks, and eliminate spurious equilibria of complex-valued neural networks. One numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness and superiority of the presented results.
文摘Non-volatile memory based on TiN nanocrystal （TiN-NC） charge storage nodes embedded in SiO2 has been fabricated and its electrical properties have been measured. It was found that the density and size distribution of TiN-NCs can be controlled by annealing temperature. The formation of well separated crystalline TiN nano-dots with an average size of 5 nm is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the existence of a transition layer of TiNxOy/SiON oxide between TiN-NC and SiO2, which reduces the barrier height of tunnel oxide and thereby enhances programming/erasing speed. The memory device shows a memory window of 2.5V and an endurance cycle throughout 10^5. Its charging mechanism, which is interpreted from the analysis of programming speed （dVth/dt） and the gate leakage versus voltage characteristics （Ig vs Vg）, has been explained by direct tunnelling for tunnel oxide and Fowler Nordheim tunnelling for control oxide at programming voltages lower than 9V, and by Fowler-Nordheim tunnelling for both the oxides at programming voltages higher than 9V.
文摘Pattem imprinting in deep sub-micron static random access memories （SRAMs） during total dose irradiation is inves- tigated in detail. As the dose accumulates, the data pattern of memory cells loading during irradiation is gradually imprinted on their background data pattern. We build a relationship between the memory cell＇s static noise margin （SNM） and the background data, and study the influence of irradiation on the probability density function of ASNM, which is the difference between two data sides＇ SNMs, to discuss the reason for pattern imprinting. Finally, we demonstrate that, for micron and deep sub-micron devices, the mechanism of pattern imprinting is the bias-dependent threshold shift of the transistor, but for a deep sub-micron device the shift results from charge trapping in the shallow trench isolation （STI） oxide rather than from the gate oxide of the micron-device.
