This paper explores the existential problem in Seize the Day-the conflict between individuals and society in modern society.With a brief introduction of Saul Bellow and the novel,the paper emphasizes the analysis of t...This paper explores the existential problem in Seize the Day-the conflict between individuals and society in modern society.With a brief introduction of Saul Bellow and the novel,the paper emphasizes the analysis of the conflict and the sources of the conflict.Besides,Saul Bellow uses many rhetorical devices to intensify the conflict.The analysis of these rhetorical devices is beneficial for us to interpret and understand the true meaning of the novel.Through the study of Bellow’s vision and the novel’s metaphorical meaning,we may find an effective solution to the conflict that our human being is involved in,and realize the social values of this novel.展开更多
Background and Objectives: The species to the Lannea genus are trees, shrubs with compound leaves. Thus, individuals called atypical Lannea with single leaves and of socio-economic interests have been identified in th...Background and Objectives: The species to the Lannea genus are trees, shrubs with compound leaves. Thus, individuals called atypical Lannea with single leaves and of socio-economic interests have been identified in the central plateau region (Burkina Faso). This study aimed to contribute to the identification of atypical species. Material and Methods: The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method using specific primers was performed and consisted of extracting DNA from young leaves of Lannea individuals, amplifying and then sequencing portions of discriminating DNA (matK, rbcL and rps16). Results: It was shown that individuals belong to the Lannea genus, but are subdivided into three subgroups: a first subgroup containing Lannea microcarpa and two subgroups with no previously identified Lannea species. Conclusion: These atypical individuals are ecotypes or mutants of Lannea microcarpa.展开更多
Background:Mushrooms are a good source of many nutrients which are potentially beneficial for chronic diseases.We speculated that due to its abundant nutrients edible mushrooms might have a beneficial effect on the pr...Background:Mushrooms are a good source of many nutrients which are potentially beneficial for chronic diseases.We speculated that due to its abundant nutrients edible mushrooms might have a beneficial effect on the prevention of subclinical thyroid dysfunction(SCTD).Therefore,we designed a large-scale cohort study to examine whether mushrooms consumption is a protective factor for SCTD in adults.Methods:This prospective cohort study investigated 6631 participants(mean age:(45.0±10.2)years;55.1%men).Edible mushrooms consumption was measured at baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire.SCTD was defined as abnormal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and normal free thyroxine.Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of edible mushrooms consumption with incident SCTD.Results:During follow-up period,a total of 262 new cases of SCTD were identified,the incidence rate of subclinical hypothyroidism was 8.9/1000 person-years and subclinical hyperthyroidism was 7.2/1000 person-years.After adjusting potential confounding factors,the multivariable hazard ratios(95%confidence intervals)for subclinical hypothyroidism were 1.00(reference)for almost never,0.53(0.29,0.97)for 1-3 times/week and 0.30(0.10,0.87)for≥4 times/week(P for trend=0.02).It also showed edible mushrooms consumption was inversely associated with subclinical hypothyroidism in obese individuals but not non-obese individuals,the final hazard ratios(95%confidence intervals)were 0.14(0.03,0.73)(P for trend<0.01).Conclusions:This population-based prospective cohort study has firstly demonstrated that higher edible mushrooms consumption was significantly associated with lower incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism among general adult population,especially in obese individuals.展开更多
In the current information society, the dissemination mechanisms and evolution laws of individual or collective opinions and their behaviors are the research hot topics in the field of opinion dynamics. First, in this...In the current information society, the dissemination mechanisms and evolution laws of individual or collective opinions and their behaviors are the research hot topics in the field of opinion dynamics. First, in this paper, a two-layer network consisting of an individual-opinion layer and a collective-opinion layer is constructed, and a dissemination model of opinions incorporating higher-order interactions(i.e. OIHOI dissemination model) is proposed. Furthermore, the dynamic equations of opinion dissemination for both individuals and groups are presented. Using Lyapunov's first method,two equilibrium points, including the negative consensus point and positive consensus point, and the dynamic equations obtained for opinion dissemination, are analyzed theoretically. In addition, for individual opinions and collective opinions,some conditions for reaching negative consensus and positive consensus as well as the theoretical expression for the dissemination threshold are put forward. Numerical simulations are carried to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results, as well as the influence of the intra-structure, inter-connections, and higher-order interactions on the dissemination and evolution of individual opinions. The main results are as follows.(i) When the intra-structure of the collective-opinion layer meets certain characteristics, then a negative or positive consensus is easier to reach for individuals.(ii) Both negative consensus and positive consensus perform best in mixed type of inter-connections in the two-layer network.(iii) Higher-order interactions can quickly eliminate differences in individual opinions, thereby enabling individuals to reach consensus faster.展开更多
BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction is a high-risk condition prevalent among the elderly population,often leading to adverse clinical manifestations such as reduced cardiopulmonary function,anxiety,and depression post-su...BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction is a high-risk condition prevalent among the elderly population,often leading to adverse clinical manifestations such as reduced cardiopulmonary function,anxiety,and depression post-surgery.Consequently,cardiac rehabilitation holds immense importance in mitigating these complications.AIM To evaluate the effect of individualized cardiac rehabilitation on blood pressure variability(BPV)and baroreflex sensitivity(BRS)in elderly patients with myocardial infarction.METHODS A cohort of 74 elderly patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction and admitted to our hospital between January 2021 and January 2022 were subjected to random selection.Subsequently,all patients were divided into two groups,namely the research group(n=37)and the control group(n=37),utilizing the number table method.The control group received conventional drug treatment and nursing guidance intervention,while the study group underwent individualized cardiac rehabilitation in addition to the interventions received by the control group.All patients were continuously intervened for 12 wk,and the BPV of these two groups in the 1st wk(T0),the 4th wk(T1)and the 12th wk(T2)were compared,BRS,changes in cardiopulmonary function measures,and adverse cardiovascular events.RESULTS Of 24 h diastolic BPV,24 h systolic BPV,carbon dioxide ventilation equivalent slope of the research group were lower than those of the control group at T1 and T2,BRS,peak heart rate and systolic blood pressure product,1 min heart rate recovery were higher than those of the control group,and the incidence of adverse events in the research group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In this study,we found that after individualized cardiac rehabilitation in elderly patients with myocardial infarction,BPV and BRS can be effectively improved,cardiac function is significantly enhanced,and a better prognosis is obtained.展开更多
Malignant tumor is the second leading cause of death due to its high incidence, lack of effective treatment and poor prognosis. The evaluation of anticancer drugs used to based on NCI-60 cell line models, but the limi...Malignant tumor is the second leading cause of death due to its high incidence, lack of effective treatment and poor prognosis. The evaluation of anticancer drugs used to based on NCI-60 cell line models, but the limited heterogeneity and the divorce from clinical practice of models lead to extremely low success rate of novel anticancer drugs during clinical trials (less than 10%). In recent years, because of the high heterogeneity and human derived tumor matrix, patient-derived tumor models have been gradually applied to the preclinical evaluation of various antitumor drugs, which shows certain advantages in predicting the clinical efficacy of antitumor drugs. Optimize the drug combination through patient-derived tumor models to achieve individualized medicine has gradually become an indispensable strategy in clinical cancer therapy. The current review summarized the development of patient-derived tumor models, characterized the application, advantages and challenges of them in preclinical antitumor drug evaluation and clinical precise medicine, which will provide a scientific basis and novel insights for further basic research, drug development and clinical application.展开更多
Splenic artery aneurysm has a hidden onset and atypical symptoms.There are various diagnostic methods for splenic aneurysms,among which ultrasound is the first choice for aneurysm screening.The diagnostic rate of CTA ...Splenic artery aneurysm has a hidden onset and atypical symptoms.There are various diagnostic methods for splenic aneurysms,among which ultrasound is the first choice for aneurysm screening.The diagnostic rate of CTA and DSA reaches 100%.In clinical practice,it is necessary to integrate medical history,symptoms and signs,and multiple imaging results to improve the diagnostic rate.In terms of treatment plans,both intervention and surgical procedures have their strengths,and the application of intervention will be more extensive.We need to adhere to the principle of individualization and choose a reasonable treatment plan for patients.At present,there are many reports on pregnant women with large splenic aneurysms both domestically and internationally.Some scholars believe that large splenic aneurysms may be related to hormonal imbalances during pregnancy,and the specific pathogenic mechanism will become a hot topic in future research.展开更多
Eliot,an important poet,playwright,and literary critic of the nineteenth century in the United States,was the founder of Western modernism.He pioneered the modern poetic criticism.His practice of modernist poetry is t...Eliot,an important poet,playwright,and literary critic of the nineteenth century in the United States,was the founder of Western modernism.He pioneered the modern poetic criticism.His practice of modernist poetry is the transition from traditionalist poetics to modernist poetics in the 20th century.His famous poetics theory declaration“Tradition and the Individual Talent”is an immortal classic in the field of poetics theory,in which he proposed the concept of“Traditional,”the theory of“Impersonal”poetry,“Objective Correlative,”and so on.All had a profound influence on the 20th-century poetry creation.This paper aims to analyze and discuss the important“Impersonal”theory from the three aspects of its connotation,the relationship between“Personality”and its intertextuality with New Criticism,so as to further understand Eliot’s poetic concepts.展开更多
This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal t...This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the current system.After examining the impact of these tax preferential policies on the economic status of individual business owners and the broader social economy,this article proposes a set of innovative tax preferential strategies based on theoretical foundations.By developing these innovative strategies and clarifying their implementation paths,the aim is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of small-scale individual businesses,thereby fostering comprehensive socio-economic progress.The conclusion of this study not only summarizes policy recommendations with practical significance but also provides theoretical support for the optimization and innovation of future related systems.展开更多
2013年10月"首届国际学习型城市大会"在北京隆重召开。102个国家的500多名代表一致通过了《建设学习型城市北京宣言》。其中有十二项承诺,而第一承诺便是"Empowering Individuals and Promoting Social Cohesion"(...2013年10月"首届国际学习型城市大会"在北京隆重召开。102个国家的500多名代表一致通过了《建设学习型城市北京宣言》。其中有十二项承诺,而第一承诺便是"Empowering Individuals and Promoting Social Cohesion"(促进个体赋权增能和增强社会凝聚)。何谓"赋权增能"和"社会凝聚"不能从简单的汉译来理解,需从词源来准确辨析,更需要从政治学、社会学、法学、心理学等角度领略其深刻的内涵。"赋权增能"与"社会凝聚"有密切的内在联系,其指向目标、目的、效能等核心价值构成完整体系。学习型城市建设与"赋权增能"和"社会凝聚"有着高度的重要关联。在改革开放的今天,践履"第一承诺"已经成为我国唯一选择。怎样践履这一庄严承诺,《北京宣言》指出了基本路向,在表达教育机会、基本能力、社会参与、性别平等、贫富差距、社区建设等兑现承诺的特定语境中,充分揭示了《北京宣言》将"赋权增能"、"社会凝聚"作为第一承诺的理由和重要意义。这应是对《北京宣言》第一承诺的完整理解。展开更多
AIM:To analyze the benefits and harms of pancreatic cancer screening in familial high-risk individuals(HRIs).METHODS:Studies were identified by searching PubMed,EBSCO,ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane database from ...AIM:To analyze the benefits and harms of pancreatic cancer screening in familial high-risk individuals(HRIs).METHODS:Studies were identified by searching PubMed,EBSCO,ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane database from database inception to June 2014.We also obtained papers from the reference lists of pertinent studies and systematic reviews.Englishlanguage trials and observational studies were searched.The key words used as search terms were "screening" and "surveillance".Cost-effectiveness,diagnostic rate,survival rate,mortality and adverse events were the outcomes of interest.Age,sex,lifestyle and other confounding factors were also considered.However,anticipating only a few of these studies,we also included observational studies with or without control groups.We also included studies concerning the anxiety associated with pancreatic cancer risk and other psychological changes in familial HRIs.We extracted details on study design,objectives,population characteristics,inclusion criteria,year of enrollment,method of screening,adjusted and unadjusted mortality,cost-effectiveness and adverse events from the included studies.Studies were assessed using the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology(STROBE) checklist.RESULTS:Sixteen studies on pancreatic cancer screening were included.Five studies included control groups,nine were observational studies without control groups,and the other two studies investigated the worry associated with pancreatic cancer risk.We found that pancreatic cancer screening resulted in a high curative resection rate(60%vs 25%,P = 0.011),longer median survival time(14.5 mo vs 4 mo,P < 0.001),and higher 3-year survival rate(20%vs 15.0%,P =0.624).We also found that familial HRIs had a higher diagnostic rate of pancreatic tumors than controls(34%vs 7.2%,P< 0.001).In patients who underwent regular physical examinations,more stage I pancreatic cancers were observed(19%vs 2.6%,P= 0.001).In addition,endoscopic ultrasonography,which was the main means of detection,diagnosed 64.3%of pancreatic cancers.In comparison,endoscopic retrograde cannulation of the pancreas,magnetic resonance imaging,and computed tomography diagnosed 28.6%,42.9%,and21.4%,respectively.For mass lesions,instant surgery was recommended because of the beneficial effects of post-operative chemotherapy.However,in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,we did not find a significant difference in outcome between surgery and follow-up without treatment.Moreover,pancreatic cancer screening in familial HRIs had a greater perceived risk of pancreatic cancer(P< 0.0001),higher levels of anxiety regarding pancreatic cancer(P< 0.0001),and increased economic burden.CONCLUSION:Pancreatic cancer screening in familial HRIs is associated with a higher detection rate and longer survival,although screening may influence psychological function and increase the economic burden.展开更多
The Pearl River(Zhujiang)Delta(PRD)has been a focal point in reform era ac ademic circles not only for its dramatic industrial growth but a lso the simultaneous agricultural development.Unlike most of existing researc...The Pearl River(Zhujiang)Delta(PRD)has been a focal point in reform era ac ademic circles not only for its dramatic industrial growth but a lso the simultaneous agricultural development.Unlike most of existing research on the PRDeconomic development and transformation fromthe whole region level,this paper explored this question f romthe perspec-tive of a township using Beijiao in Shunde City as a case study.Unlike the c onclusions of existing studies whic h attribute the regional economic transition to the macro factors,particularly the influence of external investment,t his research re-veals that at the level of township,t he local government,the town-villa ge owned enterprises and the individ uals have been playing remarkable roles in local economic transformation.In the early stage since the economic reform,Beijiao township government,replacing the central a nd provincial governments before,b egan to manipulate the development o f town-village owned enterprises and lead the local economic transformation from agricultural to industrial dominated.As the town-village owned enterprises grew during the later years,they gra dually acted as the main dominant pla yer leading the local agricultural and industrial growth.At the same time the individuals in Beijiao were playing more in dependent role to gain their most profits.While the local government changed to be t he real manager of local economies.S o the local economic transition was not entirely externally driven.In another word,the“driven from outsidemodel can not totally explain the economic fact in this specific region.展开更多
Tree peony seeds are rich in α-linolenic acid(ALA), and the peony seed oil is now being produced in China. Paeonia ostii is the most widely used tree peony species for oil extraction, which is commercially called Fen...Tree peony seeds are rich in α-linolenic acid(ALA), and the peony seed oil is now being produced in China. Paeonia ostii is the most widely used tree peony species for oil extraction, which is commercially called Fengdan and treated as a single cultivar. Here, 50 P. ostii individuals from the same population in northern China were randomly selected for fatty acids(FAs) analysis. Thirteen FAs were isolated, and the most abundant five were palmitic acid(5.31–6.99%), stearic acid(1.22–2.76%), oleic acid(18.78–28.15%), linoleic acid(11.86–26.10%), and ALA(41.11–57.51%). There were significant individual differences of plants in FA quality and quantity and the linoleic acid content in Plant No. 48 even exceeded the scope of 1–99%. Further statistical analysis indicated that most of the individual FAs, saturated FAs, unsaturated FAs, and total FAs levels showed significant positive correlations to each other, whereas the seed yield per plant was independent and not correlated to the factors mentioned above. Ward’s hierarchical clustering results grouped the 50 plants into four clusters based on FA contents and seed yield, and the seven plants in Cluster IV were identified as good candidates for oil production. Our results confirmed that the individual differences did occur in P. ostii and Fengdan cannot be simply treated as one uniform cultivar. Also, these results may help simplify the selection of plants for oil peony breeding and accelerate the development of the oil peony industry.展开更多
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) is a lethal neoplasia, for which secondary prevention(i.e., screening) is advisable for high-risk individuals with "familiar pancreatic cancer" and with other specific ...Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) is a lethal neoplasia, for which secondary prevention(i.e., screening) is advisable for high-risk individuals with "familiar pancreatic cancer" and with other specific genetic syndromes(Peutz-Jeghers, p16, BRCA2, PALB and mismatch repair gene mutation carriers). There is limited evidence regarding the accuracy of screening tests, their acceptability, costs and availability, and agreement on whom to treat. Successful target of screening are small resectable PDAC, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms with high-grade dysplasia and advanced pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Both magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) are employed for screening, and the overall yield for pre-malignant or malignant pancreatic lesions is of about 20% with EUS and 14% with MRI/magnetic resonance colangiopancreatography. EUS performs better for solid and MRI for cystic lesions. However, only 2% of these detected lesions can be considered a successful target, and there are insufficient data demonstrating that resection of benign or low grade lesions improves survival. Many patients in the published studies therefore seemed to have received an overtreatment by undergoing surgery. It is crucial to better stratify the risk of malignancy individually, and to better define optimal screening intervals and methods either with computerized tools or molecular biomarkers, possibly in large multicentre studies. At the moment, screening should be carefully performed within research protocols at experienced centres, offering involved individuals medical and psychological advice.展开更多
Objective Independent from noise exposure, noise sensitivity plays a pivotal role in people's noise annoyance perception and concomitant health deteriorations. The present study empirically investigated the psychomet...Objective Independent from noise exposure, noise sensitivity plays a pivotal role in people's noise annoyance perception and concomitant health deteriorations. The present study empirically investigated the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale-Short Form (CNSS-SF), the widely used inventory measuring individual differences in noise perception.Methods In total, 373 Chinese participants (age = 21.41 ± 3.36) completed the online, anonymous questionnaire package. Examination of the CNSS-SF's reliability (internal consistency), factorial validity through validation and cross-validation, nomological validity and measurement invariance across gender groups were undertaken.Results The Cronbach alpha coefficients and composite reliabilities indicated sufficient reliability of the CNSS-SF. Two confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), in two randomly partitioned groups of participants, substantiated the factorial validity of the scale. The nomological validity of the scale was also corroborated by the significant positive association of its score with the trait anxiety score. Measurement invariance of the CNSS-SF was also found across genders via multi-group CFA.Conclusion Though not without limitations, findings from the present research provide promising evidence for the utility of the scale in measuring noise sensitivity among the Chinese population. The availability of the CNSS-SF can promote research related to environmental noise and health in China, as well as facilitate cross-cultural comparisons.展开更多
Accumulating evidence indicates that overweight and obesity are the major international public health concern. Obesity is a major independent risk factor for chronic diseases, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, ca...Accumulating evidence indicates that overweight and obesity are the major international public health concern. Obesity is a major independent risk factor for chronic diseases, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and certain cancer. Disease burden due to obesity has been dramatically increasing in many countries including China in the past years. According to the Nationwide Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), the prevalence of overweight and obesity among men and women in China increased by 27.6% and 8.8%, respectively, from 1993 to 2009.展开更多
COVID-19 is one of themost highly infectious diseases ever emerged and caused by newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).It has already led the entire world to health and economic ...COVID-19 is one of themost highly infectious diseases ever emerged and caused by newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).It has already led the entire world to health and economic crisis.It has invaded the whole universe all most every way.The present study demonstrates with a nine mutually exclusive compartmental model on transmission dynamics of this pandemic disease(COVID-19),with special focus on the transmissibility of symptomatic and asymptomatic infection from susceptible individuals.Herein,the compartmental model has been investigated with mathematical analysis and computer simulations in order to understand the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission.Initially,mathematical analysis of the model has been carried out in broadly by illustrating some well-known methods including exactness,equilibrium and stability analysis in terms of basic reproduction number.We investigate the sensitivity of the model with respect to the variation of the parameters’values.Furthermore,computer simulations are performed to illustrate the results.Our analysis reveals that the death rate from coronavirus disease increases as the infection rate increases,whereas infection rate extensively decreases with the increase of quarantined individuals.The quarantined individuals also lead to increase the concentration of recovered individuals.However,the infection rate of COVID-19 increases more surprisingly as the rate of asymptomatic individuals increases than that of the symptomatic individuals.Moreover,the infection rate decreases significantly due to increase of self-immunity rate.展开更多
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a significant public health burden affecting not only obese individuals but also people with normal weight.As opposed to previous beliefs,this particular subset of pa...Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a significant public health burden affecting not only obese individuals but also people with normal weight.As opposed to previous beliefs,this particular subset of patients has an increased risk of all-cause mortality and worse outcomes than their obese counterparts.The development of NAFLD in lean subjects seems to be interconnected with metabolic phenotype,precisely visceral fat tissue,sarcopenia,and insulin resistance.Here,we summarize available data focusing on the co-dependent relationship between metabolic phenotype,insulin resistance,and development of NAFLD in lean individuals,suggesting more appropriate tools for measuring body fat distribution for the screening of patients at risk.展开更多
Wordsworth's poetry is famous for its natural description.In this paper the relationship between individual and nature is discussed.Wordsworth considers nature as an inspiration,a healer and a teacher.
Drug dependence is a serious global health problem.To assist individuals with drug addiction,China alone has established 678 Compulsory Detoxification Detention Centers (CDDCs) that treat over300,000i ndividuals who...Drug dependence is a serious global health problem.To assist individuals with drug addiction,China alone has established 678 Compulsory Detoxification Detention Centers (CDDCs) that treat over300,000i ndividuals who are required by national law to receive compulsory treatment;because community-based outpatient treatment failed.展开更多
文摘This paper explores the existential problem in Seize the Day-the conflict between individuals and society in modern society.With a brief introduction of Saul Bellow and the novel,the paper emphasizes the analysis of the conflict and the sources of the conflict.Besides,Saul Bellow uses many rhetorical devices to intensify the conflict.The analysis of these rhetorical devices is beneficial for us to interpret and understand the true meaning of the novel.Through the study of Bellow’s vision and the novel’s metaphorical meaning,we may find an effective solution to the conflict that our human being is involved in,and realize the social values of this novel.
文摘Background and Objectives: The species to the Lannea genus are trees, shrubs with compound leaves. Thus, individuals called atypical Lannea with single leaves and of socio-economic interests have been identified in the central plateau region (Burkina Faso). This study aimed to contribute to the identification of atypical species. Material and Methods: The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method using specific primers was performed and consisted of extracting DNA from young leaves of Lannea individuals, amplifying and then sequencing portions of discriminating DNA (matK, rbcL and rps16). Results: It was shown that individuals belong to the Lannea genus, but are subdivided into three subgroups: a first subgroup containing Lannea microcarpa and two subgroups with no previously identified Lannea species. Conclusion: These atypical individuals are ecotypes or mutants of Lannea microcarpa.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81941024)Tianjin Major Public Health Science and Technology Project (21ZXGWSY00090)+2 种基金National Health Commission of China (SPSYYC 2020015)Food Science and Technology Foundation of Chinese Institute of FoodScience and Technology (2019-12)2014 and 2016 Chinese NutritionSociety (CNS) Nutrition Research Foundation -DSM Research Fund(2016-046, 2014-071 and 2016-023), China
文摘Background:Mushrooms are a good source of many nutrients which are potentially beneficial for chronic diseases.We speculated that due to its abundant nutrients edible mushrooms might have a beneficial effect on the prevention of subclinical thyroid dysfunction(SCTD).Therefore,we designed a large-scale cohort study to examine whether mushrooms consumption is a protective factor for SCTD in adults.Methods:This prospective cohort study investigated 6631 participants(mean age:(45.0±10.2)years;55.1%men).Edible mushrooms consumption was measured at baseline using a validated food frequency questionnaire.SCTD was defined as abnormal serum thyroid-stimulating hormone levels and normal free thyroxine.Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of edible mushrooms consumption with incident SCTD.Results:During follow-up period,a total of 262 new cases of SCTD were identified,the incidence rate of subclinical hypothyroidism was 8.9/1000 person-years and subclinical hyperthyroidism was 7.2/1000 person-years.After adjusting potential confounding factors,the multivariable hazard ratios(95%confidence intervals)for subclinical hypothyroidism were 1.00(reference)for almost never,0.53(0.29,0.97)for 1-3 times/week and 0.30(0.10,0.87)for≥4 times/week(P for trend=0.02).It also showed edible mushrooms consumption was inversely associated with subclinical hypothyroidism in obese individuals but not non-obese individuals,the final hazard ratios(95%confidence intervals)were 0.14(0.03,0.73)(P for trend<0.01).Conclusions:This population-based prospective cohort study has firstly demonstrated that higher edible mushrooms consumption was significantly associated with lower incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism among general adult population,especially in obese individuals.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72031009 and 61473338)。
文摘In the current information society, the dissemination mechanisms and evolution laws of individual or collective opinions and their behaviors are the research hot topics in the field of opinion dynamics. First, in this paper, a two-layer network consisting of an individual-opinion layer and a collective-opinion layer is constructed, and a dissemination model of opinions incorporating higher-order interactions(i.e. OIHOI dissemination model) is proposed. Furthermore, the dynamic equations of opinion dissemination for both individuals and groups are presented. Using Lyapunov's first method,two equilibrium points, including the negative consensus point and positive consensus point, and the dynamic equations obtained for opinion dissemination, are analyzed theoretically. In addition, for individual opinions and collective opinions,some conditions for reaching negative consensus and positive consensus as well as the theoretical expression for the dissemination threshold are put forward. Numerical simulations are carried to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results, as well as the influence of the intra-structure, inter-connections, and higher-order interactions on the dissemination and evolution of individual opinions. The main results are as follows.(i) When the intra-structure of the collective-opinion layer meets certain characteristics, then a negative or positive consensus is easier to reach for individuals.(ii) Both negative consensus and positive consensus perform best in mixed type of inter-connections in the two-layer network.(iii) Higher-order interactions can quickly eliminate differences in individual opinions, thereby enabling individuals to reach consensus faster.
文摘BACKGROUND Myocardial infarction is a high-risk condition prevalent among the elderly population,often leading to adverse clinical manifestations such as reduced cardiopulmonary function,anxiety,and depression post-surgery.Consequently,cardiac rehabilitation holds immense importance in mitigating these complications.AIM To evaluate the effect of individualized cardiac rehabilitation on blood pressure variability(BPV)and baroreflex sensitivity(BRS)in elderly patients with myocardial infarction.METHODS A cohort of 74 elderly patients diagnosed with myocardial infarction and admitted to our hospital between January 2021 and January 2022 were subjected to random selection.Subsequently,all patients were divided into two groups,namely the research group(n=37)and the control group(n=37),utilizing the number table method.The control group received conventional drug treatment and nursing guidance intervention,while the study group underwent individualized cardiac rehabilitation in addition to the interventions received by the control group.All patients were continuously intervened for 12 wk,and the BPV of these two groups in the 1st wk(T0),the 4th wk(T1)and the 12th wk(T2)were compared,BRS,changes in cardiopulmonary function measures,and adverse cardiovascular events.RESULTS Of 24 h diastolic BPV,24 h systolic BPV,carbon dioxide ventilation equivalent slope of the research group were lower than those of the control group at T1 and T2,BRS,peak heart rate and systolic blood pressure product,1 min heart rate recovery were higher than those of the control group,and the incidence of adverse events in the research group was lower than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION In this study,we found that after individualized cardiac rehabilitation in elderly patients with myocardial infarction,BPV and BRS can be effectively improved,cardiac function is significantly enhanced,and a better prognosis is obtained.
基金the Scientific Research Project Funding of Jianghan University(2023zd053)The Scientific Research Project Funding of Jianghan University(2021jczx-002).
文摘Malignant tumor is the second leading cause of death due to its high incidence, lack of effective treatment and poor prognosis. The evaluation of anticancer drugs used to based on NCI-60 cell line models, but the limited heterogeneity and the divorce from clinical practice of models lead to extremely low success rate of novel anticancer drugs during clinical trials (less than 10%). In recent years, because of the high heterogeneity and human derived tumor matrix, patient-derived tumor models have been gradually applied to the preclinical evaluation of various antitumor drugs, which shows certain advantages in predicting the clinical efficacy of antitumor drugs. Optimize the drug combination through patient-derived tumor models to achieve individualized medicine has gradually become an indispensable strategy in clinical cancer therapy. The current review summarized the development of patient-derived tumor models, characterized the application, advantages and challenges of them in preclinical antitumor drug evaluation and clinical precise medicine, which will provide a scientific basis and novel insights for further basic research, drug development and clinical application.
文摘Splenic artery aneurysm has a hidden onset and atypical symptoms.There are various diagnostic methods for splenic aneurysms,among which ultrasound is the first choice for aneurysm screening.The diagnostic rate of CTA and DSA reaches 100%.In clinical practice,it is necessary to integrate medical history,symptoms and signs,and multiple imaging results to improve the diagnostic rate.In terms of treatment plans,both intervention and surgical procedures have their strengths,and the application of intervention will be more extensive.We need to adhere to the principle of individualization and choose a reasonable treatment plan for patients.At present,there are many reports on pregnant women with large splenic aneurysms both domestically and internationally.Some scholars believe that large splenic aneurysms may be related to hormonal imbalances during pregnancy,and the specific pathogenic mechanism will become a hot topic in future research.
文摘Eliot,an important poet,playwright,and literary critic of the nineteenth century in the United States,was the founder of Western modernism.He pioneered the modern poetic criticism.His practice of modernist poetry is the transition from traditionalist poetics to modernist poetics in the 20th century.His famous poetics theory declaration“Tradition and the Individual Talent”is an immortal classic in the field of poetics theory,in which he proposed the concept of“Traditional,”the theory of“Impersonal”poetry,“Objective Correlative,”and so on.All had a profound influence on the 20th-century poetry creation.This paper aims to analyze and discuss the important“Impersonal”theory from the three aspects of its connotation,the relationship between“Personality”and its intertextuality with New Criticism,so as to further understand Eliot’s poetic concepts.
文摘This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the current tax preferential policies for small-scale individual businesses and compared them with similar policies both domestically and internationally,aiming to reveal the advantages and disadvantages of the current system.After examining the impact of these tax preferential policies on the economic status of individual business owners and the broader social economy,this article proposes a set of innovative tax preferential strategies based on theoretical foundations.By developing these innovative strategies and clarifying their implementation paths,the aim is to promote the sustainable and healthy development of small-scale individual businesses,thereby fostering comprehensive socio-economic progress.The conclusion of this study not only summarizes policy recommendations with practical significance but also provides theoretical support for the optimization and innovation of future related systems.
文摘2013年10月"首届国际学习型城市大会"在北京隆重召开。102个国家的500多名代表一致通过了《建设学习型城市北京宣言》。其中有十二项承诺,而第一承诺便是"Empowering Individuals and Promoting Social Cohesion"(促进个体赋权增能和增强社会凝聚)。何谓"赋权增能"和"社会凝聚"不能从简单的汉译来理解,需从词源来准确辨析,更需要从政治学、社会学、法学、心理学等角度领略其深刻的内涵。"赋权增能"与"社会凝聚"有密切的内在联系,其指向目标、目的、效能等核心价值构成完整体系。学习型城市建设与"赋权增能"和"社会凝聚"有着高度的重要关联。在改革开放的今天,践履"第一承诺"已经成为我国唯一选择。怎样践履这一庄严承诺,《北京宣言》指出了基本路向,在表达教育机会、基本能力、社会参与、性别平等、贫富差距、社区建设等兑现承诺的特定语境中,充分揭示了《北京宣言》将"赋权增能"、"社会凝聚"作为第一承诺的理由和重要意义。这应是对《北京宣言》第一承诺的完整理解。
文摘AIM:To analyze the benefits and harms of pancreatic cancer screening in familial high-risk individuals(HRIs).METHODS:Studies were identified by searching PubMed,EBSCO,ClinicalTrials.gov and the Cochrane database from database inception to June 2014.We also obtained papers from the reference lists of pertinent studies and systematic reviews.Englishlanguage trials and observational studies were searched.The key words used as search terms were "screening" and "surveillance".Cost-effectiveness,diagnostic rate,survival rate,mortality and adverse events were the outcomes of interest.Age,sex,lifestyle and other confounding factors were also considered.However,anticipating only a few of these studies,we also included observational studies with or without control groups.We also included studies concerning the anxiety associated with pancreatic cancer risk and other psychological changes in familial HRIs.We extracted details on study design,objectives,population characteristics,inclusion criteria,year of enrollment,method of screening,adjusted and unadjusted mortality,cost-effectiveness and adverse events from the included studies.Studies were assessed using the Reporting of Observational studies in Epidemiology(STROBE) checklist.RESULTS:Sixteen studies on pancreatic cancer screening were included.Five studies included control groups,nine were observational studies without control groups,and the other two studies investigated the worry associated with pancreatic cancer risk.We found that pancreatic cancer screening resulted in a high curative resection rate(60%vs 25%,P = 0.011),longer median survival time(14.5 mo vs 4 mo,P < 0.001),and higher 3-year survival rate(20%vs 15.0%,P =0.624).We also found that familial HRIs had a higher diagnostic rate of pancreatic tumors than controls(34%vs 7.2%,P< 0.001).In patients who underwent regular physical examinations,more stage I pancreatic cancers were observed(19%vs 2.6%,P= 0.001).In addition,endoscopic ultrasonography,which was the main means of detection,diagnosed 64.3%of pancreatic cancers.In comparison,endoscopic retrograde cannulation of the pancreas,magnetic resonance imaging,and computed tomography diagnosed 28.6%,42.9%,and21.4%,respectively.For mass lesions,instant surgery was recommended because of the beneficial effects of post-operative chemotherapy.However,in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms,we did not find a significant difference in outcome between surgery and follow-up without treatment.Moreover,pancreatic cancer screening in familial HRIs had a greater perceived risk of pancreatic cancer(P< 0.0001),higher levels of anxiety regarding pancreatic cancer(P< 0.0001),and increased economic burden.CONCLUSION:Pancreatic cancer screening in familial HRIs is associated with a higher detection rate and longer survival,although screening may influence psychological function and increase the economic burden.
文摘The Pearl River(Zhujiang)Delta(PRD)has been a focal point in reform era ac ademic circles not only for its dramatic industrial growth but a lso the simultaneous agricultural development.Unlike most of existing research on the PRDeconomic development and transformation fromthe whole region level,this paper explored this question f romthe perspec-tive of a township using Beijiao in Shunde City as a case study.Unlike the c onclusions of existing studies whic h attribute the regional economic transition to the macro factors,particularly the influence of external investment,t his research re-veals that at the level of township,t he local government,the town-villa ge owned enterprises and the individ uals have been playing remarkable roles in local economic transformation.In the early stage since the economic reform,Beijiao township government,replacing the central a nd provincial governments before,b egan to manipulate the development o f town-village owned enterprises and lead the local economic transformation from agricultural to industrial dominated.As the town-village owned enterprises grew during the later years,they gra dually acted as the main dominant pla yer leading the local agricultural and industrial growth.At the same time the individuals in Beijiao were playing more in dependent role to gain their most profits.While the local government changed to be t he real manager of local economies.S o the local economic transition was not entirely externally driven.In another word,the“driven from outsidemodel can not totally explain the economic fact in this specific region.
基金funded by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS)the Natural Science Foundation of China (31572156, 31501800)+1 种基金the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (201203071)the Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Project, China (D161100001916004)
文摘Tree peony seeds are rich in α-linolenic acid(ALA), and the peony seed oil is now being produced in China. Paeonia ostii is the most widely used tree peony species for oil extraction, which is commercially called Fengdan and treated as a single cultivar. Here, 50 P. ostii individuals from the same population in northern China were randomly selected for fatty acids(FAs) analysis. Thirteen FAs were isolated, and the most abundant five were palmitic acid(5.31–6.99%), stearic acid(1.22–2.76%), oleic acid(18.78–28.15%), linoleic acid(11.86–26.10%), and ALA(41.11–57.51%). There were significant individual differences of plants in FA quality and quantity and the linoleic acid content in Plant No. 48 even exceeded the scope of 1–99%. Further statistical analysis indicated that most of the individual FAs, saturated FAs, unsaturated FAs, and total FAs levels showed significant positive correlations to each other, whereas the seed yield per plant was independent and not correlated to the factors mentioned above. Ward’s hierarchical clustering results grouped the 50 plants into four clusters based on FA contents and seed yield, and the seven plants in Cluster IV were identified as good candidates for oil production. Our results confirmed that the individual differences did occur in P. ostii and Fengdan cannot be simply treated as one uniform cultivar. Also, these results may help simplify the selection of plants for oil peony breeding and accelerate the development of the oil peony industry.
文摘Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) is a lethal neoplasia, for which secondary prevention(i.e., screening) is advisable for high-risk individuals with "familiar pancreatic cancer" and with other specific genetic syndromes(Peutz-Jeghers, p16, BRCA2, PALB and mismatch repair gene mutation carriers). There is limited evidence regarding the accuracy of screening tests, their acceptability, costs and availability, and agreement on whom to treat. Successful target of screening are small resectable PDAC, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms with high-grade dysplasia and advanced pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Both magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) are employed for screening, and the overall yield for pre-malignant or malignant pancreatic lesions is of about 20% with EUS and 14% with MRI/magnetic resonance colangiopancreatography. EUS performs better for solid and MRI for cystic lesions. However, only 2% of these detected lesions can be considered a successful target, and there are insufficient data demonstrating that resection of benign or low grade lesions improves survival. Many patients in the published studies therefore seemed to have received an overtreatment by undergoing surgery. It is crucial to better stratify the risk of malignancy individually, and to better define optimal screening intervals and methods either with computerized tools or molecular biomarkers, possibly in large multicentre studies. At the moment, screening should be carefully performed within research protocols at experienced centres, offering involved individuals medical and psychological advice.
文摘Objective Independent from noise exposure, noise sensitivity plays a pivotal role in people's noise annoyance perception and concomitant health deteriorations. The present study empirically investigated the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Weinstein Noise Sensitivity Scale-Short Form (CNSS-SF), the widely used inventory measuring individual differences in noise perception.Methods In total, 373 Chinese participants (age = 21.41 ± 3.36) completed the online, anonymous questionnaire package. Examination of the CNSS-SF's reliability (internal consistency), factorial validity through validation and cross-validation, nomological validity and measurement invariance across gender groups were undertaken.Results The Cronbach alpha coefficients and composite reliabilities indicated sufficient reliability of the CNSS-SF. Two confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), in two randomly partitioned groups of participants, substantiated the factorial validity of the scale. The nomological validity of the scale was also corroborated by the significant positive association of its score with the trait anxiety score. Measurement invariance of the CNSS-SF was also found across genders via multi-group CFA.Conclusion Though not without limitations, findings from the present research provide promising evidence for the utility of the scale in measuring noise sensitivity among the Chinese population. The availability of the CNSS-SF can promote research related to environmental noise and health in China, as well as facilitate cross-cultural comparisons.
基金supported by Shanghai Rising-Star Program (12QH1401700)the Drug Innovation Program of the National Science and Technology Project (2011ZX09307-001-02)+2 种基金Science Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Health Bureau (2012291)Excellent Young Medical Experts of Shanghai (XYQ2011041)Program of Shanghai Municipality for Basic Research (11JC1409600)
文摘Accumulating evidence indicates that overweight and obesity are the major international public health concern. Obesity is a major independent risk factor for chronic diseases, such as hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, stroke, and certain cancer. Disease burden due to obesity has been dramatically increasing in many countries including China in the past years. According to the Nationwide Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), the prevalence of overweight and obesity among men and women in China increased by 27.6% and 8.8%, respectively, from 1993 to 2009.
基金The authors greatly acknowledge the partial financial support provided by the Ministry of Science and Technology,Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh under special allocation in 2019–2020 with the research Grant Ref.No.39.00.0000.009.06.024.19-12/410(EAS).Supports with Ref.:17-392RG/MATHS/AS_I-FR3240297753 funded by TWAS,Italy and Ref.No.6(74)UGC/ST/Physical-17/2017/3169 funded by the UGC,Bangladesh are also acknowledged.
文摘COVID-19 is one of themost highly infectious diseases ever emerged and caused by newly discovered severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2).It has already led the entire world to health and economic crisis.It has invaded the whole universe all most every way.The present study demonstrates with a nine mutually exclusive compartmental model on transmission dynamics of this pandemic disease(COVID-19),with special focus on the transmissibility of symptomatic and asymptomatic infection from susceptible individuals.Herein,the compartmental model has been investigated with mathematical analysis and computer simulations in order to understand the dynamics of COVID-19 transmission.Initially,mathematical analysis of the model has been carried out in broadly by illustrating some well-known methods including exactness,equilibrium and stability analysis in terms of basic reproduction number.We investigate the sensitivity of the model with respect to the variation of the parameters’values.Furthermore,computer simulations are performed to illustrate the results.Our analysis reveals that the death rate from coronavirus disease increases as the infection rate increases,whereas infection rate extensively decreases with the increase of quarantined individuals.The quarantined individuals also lead to increase the concentration of recovered individuals.However,the infection rate of COVID-19 increases more surprisingly as the rate of asymptomatic individuals increases than that of the symptomatic individuals.Moreover,the infection rate decreases significantly due to increase of self-immunity rate.
文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has become a significant public health burden affecting not only obese individuals but also people with normal weight.As opposed to previous beliefs,this particular subset of patients has an increased risk of all-cause mortality and worse outcomes than their obese counterparts.The development of NAFLD in lean subjects seems to be interconnected with metabolic phenotype,precisely visceral fat tissue,sarcopenia,and insulin resistance.Here,we summarize available data focusing on the co-dependent relationship between metabolic phenotype,insulin resistance,and development of NAFLD in lean individuals,suggesting more appropriate tools for measuring body fat distribution for the screening of patients at risk.
文摘Wordsworth's poetry is famous for its natural description.In this paper the relationship between individual and nature is discussed.Wordsworth considers nature as an inspiration,a healer and a teacher.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [No.71774175]
文摘Drug dependence is a serious global health problem.To assist individuals with drug addiction,China alone has established 678 Compulsory Detoxification Detention Centers (CDDCs) that treat over300,000i ndividuals who are required by national law to receive compulsory treatment;because community-based outpatient treatment failed.