为了阐明大菱鲆丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases,MAPKKs或MKKs)基因家族在生物和非生物应激响应中的作用,本实验首先通过生物信息学方法对大菱鲆MKK基因家族进行了全基因组水平的鉴定,利用多个应激相...为了阐明大菱鲆丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases,MAPKKs或MKKs)基因家族在生物和非生物应激响应中的作用,本实验首先通过生物信息学方法对大菱鲆MKK基因家族进行了全基因组水平的鉴定,利用多个应激相关转录组数据集分析了大菱鲆MKK家族成员在不同组织及不同生物和非生物应激下的表达模式。结果显示,本研究在大菱鲆全基因组水平上共鉴定出9个MKK基因家族成员,它们不均匀地分布在7条染色体上,并分别对其编码蛋白的理化性质、蛋白二级结构和亚细胞定位进行了预测。基于系统发育分析,将SmMKKs划分为5个亚家族。内含-外显子结构、保守基序和多重序列比对分析结果不仅为大菱鲆MKK亚家族分类提供了证据,而且表明SmMKKs在进化上高度保守。SmMKKs在不同组织及不同生物和非生物应激下的基因表达模式分析表明,SmMKKs具有明显的组织特异性表达。另外,结果显示,粘孢子虫和肿大细胞病毒感染后,SmMKK6a呈极显著差异表达;热应激处理后,SmMKK6a呈极显著差异表达;高盐或低盐胁迫后,SmMKK4a、SmMKK4b、SmMKK6a和SmMKK7呈极显著差异表达。SmMKK6a在各种应激条件下均表现出极显著响应,表明其可能在综合抗应激中具有潜在的作用。这可能是第一个对大菱鲆MKK基因家族进行系统识别和功能分析的研究。以上研究结果不仅表明MKK基因家族在大菱鲆响应多种生物和非生物应激中发挥重要作用,而且也为大菱鲆综合抗逆分子选择育种研究提供了重要的理论支撑。展开更多
Objective:To investigate the mechanism of action of tetrahydroxy stilbene glycosides(TSG)in ameliorating neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease rats by regulating MKK7 and JNK kinases.Methods:A total of 24-month-o...Objective:To investigate the mechanism of action of tetrahydroxy stilbene glycosides(TSG)in ameliorating neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease rats by regulating MKK7 and JNK kinases.Methods:A total of 24-month-old 42 SD rats were randomly selected for the experiment in 7 groups:normal group,sham-operated group,model group,positive drug group,low,medium and high dose TSG group at 0.033 g/kg,0.1 g/kg,0.3 g/kg.The Model Group and the TSG groups were established by stereotaxic Aβ25-35 solution.After 28 days,the model rats were selected by passive avoidance test.After screening,each dosage group of TSG and positive drug group was given intragastrically according to the corresponding dosage,and the experiment was carried out after 28 days.The pathological changes of hippocampal CA1 region were observed by tissue staining,and the amount of MKK7 and JNK proteins and the expression content of MKK7 and JNK mRNA by histochemical method of protein,and qRTPCR assay.Results:(1)He staining observation:Compared with the normal group and the sham-operated group,the number of nerve cells in the model group decreased and arranged irregularly,the cell membrane shrank,and the nucleus deformed and dissolved.The number of neurons in the positive drug group and TSG Group also increased significantly,the order is also relatively well.(2)From the results of the Tunel staining experiments:the positive apoptotic cells in the model group were higher than control group and sham-operated group,positive drug group and TSG drugs group was significantly smaller than that in the model group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the control group and the Virtual Operation Group,the MKK7 and JNK protein concentrations in the brain of the model group were increased(P<0.05)by data analysis of immunohistochemistry:Compared with the model group,the protein expression of positive drug and TSG each dose group were reduced(P<0.05).(4)The results of QRTPCR data showed that the levels of MKK7 and JNK mRNA in the brain tissue of the model group were increased compared with the normal group and sham-operated groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Stilbene glycoside has a certain effect on neuronal injury and repair which may be related to the changes of mRNA transcription and protein expression of MKK7 and JNK kinases.展开更多
Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） cascades play important roles in regulating plant innate immune responses. In a genetic screen to search for mutants with constitutive defense responses, we identified multipl...Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） cascades play important roles in regulating plant innate immune responses. In a genetic screen to search for mutants with constitutive defense responses, we identified multiple alleles of mpk4 and mekkl that exhibit cell death and constitutive defense responses. Bimolecular fluorescence complemen- tation （BiFC） analysis showed that both MPK4 and MEKK1 interact with MKK1 and MKK2, two closely related MAPK kinases, mkkl and mkk2 single mutant plants do not have obvious mutant phenotypes. To test whether MKK1 and MKK2 function redundantly, mkkl mkk2 double mutants were generated. The mkkl mkk2 double mutant plants die at seedling stage and the seedling-lethality phenotype is temperature-dependent. Similar to the mpk4 and mekkl mutants, the mkkl mkk2 double mutant seedlings accumulate high levels of H202, display spontaneous cell death, constitutively express Pathogenesis Related （PR） genes and exhibit pathogen resistance. In addition, activation of MPK4 by fig22 is impaired in the mkkl mkk2 double mutants, suggesting that MKK1 and MKK2 function together with MPK4 and MEKK1 in a MAP kinase cascade to negatively regulate innate immune responses in plants.展开更多
文摘为了阐明大菱鲆丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases,MAPKKs或MKKs)基因家族在生物和非生物应激响应中的作用,本实验首先通过生物信息学方法对大菱鲆MKK基因家族进行了全基因组水平的鉴定,利用多个应激相关转录组数据集分析了大菱鲆MKK家族成员在不同组织及不同生物和非生物应激下的表达模式。结果显示,本研究在大菱鲆全基因组水平上共鉴定出9个MKK基因家族成员,它们不均匀地分布在7条染色体上,并分别对其编码蛋白的理化性质、蛋白二级结构和亚细胞定位进行了预测。基于系统发育分析,将SmMKKs划分为5个亚家族。内含-外显子结构、保守基序和多重序列比对分析结果不仅为大菱鲆MKK亚家族分类提供了证据,而且表明SmMKKs在进化上高度保守。SmMKKs在不同组织及不同生物和非生物应激下的基因表达模式分析表明,SmMKKs具有明显的组织特异性表达。另外,结果显示,粘孢子虫和肿大细胞病毒感染后,SmMKK6a呈极显著差异表达;热应激处理后,SmMKK6a呈极显著差异表达;高盐或低盐胁迫后,SmMKK4a、SmMKK4b、SmMKK6a和SmMKK7呈极显著差异表达。SmMKK6a在各种应激条件下均表现出极显著响应,表明其可能在综合抗应激中具有潜在的作用。这可能是第一个对大菱鲆MKK基因家族进行系统识别和功能分析的研究。以上研究结果不仅表明MKK基因家族在大菱鲆响应多种生物和非生物应激中发挥重要作用,而且也为大菱鲆综合抗逆分子选择育种研究提供了重要的理论支撑。
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (81860709)Project of Baise City Regional Multiple Development Joint Special Plan[Bai Zi (2022)41-39]。
文摘Objective:To investigate the mechanism of action of tetrahydroxy stilbene glycosides(TSG)in ameliorating neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease rats by regulating MKK7 and JNK kinases.Methods:A total of 24-month-old 42 SD rats were randomly selected for the experiment in 7 groups:normal group,sham-operated group,model group,positive drug group,low,medium and high dose TSG group at 0.033 g/kg,0.1 g/kg,0.3 g/kg.The Model Group and the TSG groups were established by stereotaxic Aβ25-35 solution.After 28 days,the model rats were selected by passive avoidance test.After screening,each dosage group of TSG and positive drug group was given intragastrically according to the corresponding dosage,and the experiment was carried out after 28 days.The pathological changes of hippocampal CA1 region were observed by tissue staining,and the amount of MKK7 and JNK proteins and the expression content of MKK7 and JNK mRNA by histochemical method of protein,and qRTPCR assay.Results:(1)He staining observation:Compared with the normal group and the sham-operated group,the number of nerve cells in the model group decreased and arranged irregularly,the cell membrane shrank,and the nucleus deformed and dissolved.The number of neurons in the positive drug group and TSG Group also increased significantly,the order is also relatively well.(2)From the results of the Tunel staining experiments:the positive apoptotic cells in the model group were higher than control group and sham-operated group,positive drug group and TSG drugs group was significantly smaller than that in the model group(P<0.05).(3)Compared with the control group and the Virtual Operation Group,the MKK7 and JNK protein concentrations in the brain of the model group were increased(P<0.05)by data analysis of immunohistochemistry:Compared with the model group,the protein expression of positive drug and TSG each dose group were reduced(P<0.05).(4)The results of QRTPCR data showed that the levels of MKK7 and JNK mRNA in the brain tissue of the model group were increased compared with the normal group and sham-operated groups(P<0.05).Conclusion:Stilbene glycoside has a certain effect on neuronal injury and repair which may be related to the changes of mRNA transcription and protein expression of MKK7 and JNK kinases.
文摘Mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） cascades play important roles in regulating plant innate immune responses. In a genetic screen to search for mutants with constitutive defense responses, we identified multiple alleles of mpk4 and mekkl that exhibit cell death and constitutive defense responses. Bimolecular fluorescence complemen- tation （BiFC） analysis showed that both MPK4 and MEKK1 interact with MKK1 and MKK2, two closely related MAPK kinases, mkkl and mkk2 single mutant plants do not have obvious mutant phenotypes. To test whether MKK1 and MKK2 function redundantly, mkkl mkk2 double mutants were generated. The mkkl mkk2 double mutant plants die at seedling stage and the seedling-lethality phenotype is temperature-dependent. Similar to the mpk4 and mekkl mutants, the mkkl mkk2 double mutant seedlings accumulate high levels of H202, display spontaneous cell death, constitutively express Pathogenesis Related （PR） genes and exhibit pathogen resistance. In addition, activation of MPK4 by fig22 is impaired in the mkkl mkk2 double mutants, suggesting that MKK1 and MKK2 function together with MPK4 and MEKK1 in a MAP kinase cascade to negatively regulate innate immune responses in plants.
