The Study of Extracting River Nets Based on Intelligence Ant Colony Algorithm on MODIS Remote Sensing Images

How to extract river nets effectively is of great significance for water resources investigation,flood forecasting and environmental monitoring,etc.In the paper,combining with ant colony algorithm,a new approach of extracting river nets on moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)remote sensing images was proposed through analyzing two general extraction methods of river nets.The experiment results show that river nets can be optimized by ant colony algorithm efficiently,and difference ratio between the experimental vectorgraph and the data of National Fundamental Geographic Information System is down to 8.7%.The proposed algorithm can work for extracting river nets on MODIS remote sensing images effectively.

Review of large scale crop remote sensing monitoring based on MODIS data

China has a vast territory with abundant crops,and how to collect crop information in China timely,objectively and accurately,is of great significance to the scientific guidance of agricultural development.In this paper,by selecting moderateresolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)data as the main information source,on the basis of spectral and biological characteristics mechanism of the crop,and using the freely available advantage of hyperspectral temporal MODIS data,conduct large scale agricultural remote sensing monitoring research,develop applicable model and algorithm,which can achieve large scale remote sensing extraction and yield estimation of major crop type information,and improve the accuracy of crop quantitative remote sensing.Moreover,the present situation of global crop remote sensing monitoring based on MODIS data is analyzed.Meanwhile,the climate and environment grid agriculture information system using large-scale agricultural condition remote sensing monitoring has been attempted preliminary.

Improving wavelet reconstruction algorithm to achieve comprehensive application of thermal infrared remote sensing data from TM and MODIS

According to the data characteristics of Landsat thematic mapper （TM） and MODIS, a new fu sion algorithm about thermal infrared data has been proposed in the article based on improving wave let reconstruction. Under the domain of neighborhood wavelet reconstruction, data of TM and MO DIS are divided into three layers using wavelet decomposition. The texture information of TM data is retained by fusing highfrequency information. The neighborhood correction coefficient method （NC CM） is set up based on the search neighborhood of a certain size to fuse lowfrequency information. Thermal infrared value of MODIS data is reduced to the space value of TM data by applying NCCM. The data with high spectrum, high spatial and high temporal resolution, are obtained through the al gorithm in the paper. Verification results show that the texture information of TM data and high spec tral information of MODIS data could be preserved well by the fusion algorithm. This article could provide technical support for high precision and fast extraction of the surface environment parame ters.

Retrieval of the ground surface reflectance along coast zone and island with MODIS image

A new method based on lookup tables (LUTs) for retrieval of the ground surface reflectance along coastal zones and islands with MODIS (Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer) image was descibed.Through simulation of the AHMAD radiative transfer model, we can retrieve the aerosol optical character with water pixels of MODIS image. Postulating the background is cloudless and the atmosphere on the water is the same as that on the island, we can use the 6S radiative transfer model to compute the LUT about the ground surface reflectance, then use the interpolate method to get the reflectance of the ground surface along coastal zones and islands through the reflectance of the land pixels of MODIS image, the geometric condition and the aerosol optical thickness. The LUT method is applied to determine the ground surface reflectance in Xiamen’s zone from the MODIS image. At last, the results were analyzed and its expectation errors were reported.

Extraction of Desertification Information in Hulun Buir Based on MODIS Image Data

[Objective] To extract desertification information of Hulun Buir region based on MODIS image data. [Method] Based on MODIS image data with the spatial res- olution of 1 km, 5 indicators which could reflect different desertification features were selected to conduct inversion. The desertification information of Hulun Buir region was extracted by decision tree classification. [Result] The desertification area of Hu- lun Buir region is 33 862 km2, accounting for 24% of the total area, and it is mainly dominated by sandiness desertification. Though field verification and mining point validation of high-resolution interpretation data, the overall accuracy of this evaluation is above 89%. [Conclusion] Evaluation method used in this study is not only effectively for large scale regional desertification monitoring but also has a better evaluation performance.

Development of a large-scale remote sensing ecological index in arid areas and its application in the Aral Sea Basin

The Aral Sea Basin in Central Asia is an important geographical environment unit in the center of Eurasia.It is of great significance to the ecological protection and sustainable development of Central Asia to carry out dynamic monitoring and effective evaluation of the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin.In this study,the arid remote sensing ecological index(ARSEI)for large-scale arid areas was developed,which coupled the information of the greenness index,the salinity index,the humidity index,the heat index,and the land degradation index of arid areas.The ARSEI was used to monitor and evaluate the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin from 2000 to 2019.The results show that the greenness index,the humidity index and the land degradation index had a positive impact on the quality of the ecological environment in the Aral Sea Basin,while the salinity index and the heat index exerted a negative impact on the quality of the ecological environment.The eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin demonstrated a trend of initial improvement,followed by deterioration,and finally further improvement.The spatial variation of these changes was significant.From 2000 to 2019,grassland and wasteland(saline alkali land and sandy land)in the central and western parts of the basin had the worst ecological environment quality.The areas with poor ecological environment quality are mainly distributed in rivers,wetlands,and cultivated land around lakes.During the period from 2000 to 2019,except for the surrounding areas of the Aral Sea,the ecological environment quality in other areas of the Aral Sea Basin has been improved in general.The correlation coefficients between the change in the eco-environmental quality and the heat index and between the change in the eco-environmental quality and the humidity index were–0.593 and 0.524,respectively.Climate conditions and human activities have led to different combinations of heat and humidity changes in the eco-environmental quality of the Aral Sea Basin.However,human activities had a greater impact.The ARSEI can quantitatively and intuitively reflect the scale and causes of large-scale and long-time period changes of the eco-environmental quality in arid areas;it is very suitable for the study of the eco-environmental quality in arid areas.

Responses of Alpine Wetlands to Climate Changes on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Based on Remote Sensing

The alpine wetlands in QTP(Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau)have been profoundly impacted along with global climate changes.We employ satellite datasets and climate data to explore the relationships between alpine wetlands and climate changes based on remote sensing data.Results show that:1)the wetland NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index)and GPP(Gross Primary Production)were more sensitive to air temperature than to precipitation rate.The wetland ET(evapotranspiration)across alpine wetlands was greatly correlated with precipitation rate.2)Alpine wetlands responses to climate changes varied spatially and temporally due to different geographic environments,variety of wetland formation and human disturbances.3)The vegetation responses of the Zoige wetland was the most noticeable and related to the temperature,while the GPP and NDVI of the Qiangtang Plateau and Gyaring-Ngoring Lake were significantly correlated with both temperature and precipitation.4)ET in the Zoige wetland showed a significantly positive trend,while ET in Maidika wetland and the Qiangtang plateau showed a negative trend,implying wetland degradation in those two wetland regions.The complexities of the impacts of climate changes on alpine wetlands indicate the necessity of further study to understand and conserve alpine wetland ecosystems.

Remote Sensing Study of Gold Biogeochemical Effects in the Western Guangdong-Hainan Region——A Case Study of the Hetai Gold Deposit

The vegetation has been poisoned by gold in the western Guangdong-Hainan region. The gold content ofthe leaves there is as high as 10-1961 times the abundance, the chlorophyll content is 10%-30% lower thanthat of the vegetation in metamorphic terrains and 10%-20% higher than that in granite terrains, and thecarotenoid content is 10%-44% lower than the background value. The water content of leaves is 10% to 20%lower than the background value. The cells of leaves are deformed and broken. The leaf surface shows colourspots and becomes yellow or dark green. The spectral reflectance of the leaf surface is 5%-30% higher than thebackground value: the spectral shape has shifted 5-15 nm to the short wavelength. The gray scales of eanopyon images of Landsat TM and airborne imaging scanner (AIS) are 10%-100% higher than the backgroundvalues. On Landsat TM and AIS false colour images, plants poisoned by gold display a yellow color, whichdisinguishes them from background plants. According to the spectral and image features of goldbiogeochemical effects, the author has constructed a gold information system and expert prediction system,and thus two gold target areas and two gold prospect areas have been identified rapidly, economically andaccurately in the western Guangdong-Hainan region which is extensively covered by vegetation.

融合MODIS与Landsat数据生成高时间分辨率Landsat数据

遥感数据时空融合技术是一种低空间分辨率影像与中空间分辨率影像在时间域和空间域的融合技术,利用遥感数据时空融合技术获得的融合影像既具备低空间分辨率影像的高时间分辨率特征,又具备中空间分辨率影像的高空间分辨率特征.提出了一种新的遥感数据时空融合方法(STDFA).该方法从时序MODIS数据中提取地物的时间变化信息,结合早期Landsat-TM影像的纹理信息,融合出具有MODIS时间分辨率和TM空间分辨率的影像.以江苏省南京市江宁区为研究区,以Landsat红波段和近红外波段为融合波段,对该方法进行了测试.结果显示,该方法能够产生高精度的中空间分辨率影像,融合影像与真实影像间的相关系数达到0.939.融合影像计算的NDVI与真实中空间分辨率影像计算的NDVI间的相关性达到0.938.

基于MODIS图像海岸带二类水的提取

提出了一种利用MODIS图像提取二类水的经验算法,该算法是利用一类水和二类水在可见光区的表观反射率差别很大,而在近红外波段的表观反射率基本相同的特性来完成的。利用该算法对不同地区的海岸带进行了二类水的提取,并对其结果进行了讨论。

基于MODIS近红外数据的贵州高原大气水汽反演研究

根据MODIS卫星第18和19波段的波段特征,首先从理论上证明从这两个波段表观反射率的比值反演大气可降水量的可行性,其次利用MODTRAN模型按照中纬度冬季和夏季两种大气模式对该比值与大气水汽的关系进行模拟,并建立了反演大气水汽的公式。利用贵州地区高空探测数据对反演公式进行验证,并与EOS发布的MODIS近红外水汽反演结果进行比较,发现该公式的反演结果更接近实际探测的结果。由于在反演过程中不必考虑地表覆盖和反射率的差异,摆脱了传统的根据查找表反演水汽的方式,并且直接由18、19波段表观反射率的比值计算大气可降水量,相对于传统算法更易于业务化运行。

GF-1和MODIS影像冬小麦长势监测指标NDVI的对比

作物长势是农情遥感监测的重要内容之一。长期以来,作物长势遥感监测主要基于卫星影像反演的相关植被参数,如归一化植被指数(NDVI,normalized difference vegetation index)、叶面积指数(LAI,leaf area index)等。本文通过对比研究16 m分辨率GF-1卫星影像及250 m分辨率MODIS影像的NDVI与冬小麦综合茎数、株高、叶绿素浓度之间的关系,尝试建立遥感监测作物长势指标与地面实测作物长势指标的定量关系。研究发现GF-1的NDVI与冬小麦综合茎数的相关性最高(R2=0.8961),而与其他指标相关性较弱;MODIS的NDVI指数与冬小麦综合茎数相关性较低(R2=0.4432),对作物长势的遥感监测精度较低。统计MODIS冬小麦像元内GF-1像元的NDVI平均值,并与MODIS的NDVI对比,发现两者之间的相关性较低(R2=0.3944);在消除MODIS与GF-1影像传感器光谱响应函数差异及NDVI尺度效应后,MODIS影像的冬小麦作物长势遥感监测精度得到一定提高(R2=0.4633)。对MODIS像元内GF-1 NDVI标准差排序发现,MODIS像元内冬小麦长势一致性越高,MODIS的长势遥感监测精度越高。GF-1和MODIS影像NDVI长势监测主要代表地面冬小麦综合茎数,且卫星影像分辨率越高,NDVI值越能反映实际的作物长势。MODIS像元内冬小麦长势一致性越高,基于NDVI的MODIS与GF-1数据冬小麦长势监测结果越一致。从区域长势监测角度来看,尽管MODIS与GF-1数据的监测结果趋势较为一致,并且通过光谱、尺度归一化能够进一步提高监测结果的一致性,但MODIS NDVI长势监测总体精度较低,为满足作物长势精细化监测的业务需要,应逐步使用高分辨率的遥感数据替代中低分辨率遥感数据进行作物长势遥感监测,并将其作为长势监测业务化运行的研究重点。

利用MODIS遥感数据监测冬小麦种植面积

冬小麦是中国最主要的粮食作物之一,利用遥感技术进行冬小麦种植面积监测是粮食安全的核心内容之一。美国1999年发射的TERRA卫星上携带的中分辨率成像光谱仪(MODIS)具有独特的光谱、时相和空间分辨率,为大范围的冬小麦种植面积监测提供了可靠的数据源。但中国耕地破碎,即使是250 m分辨率的MODIS数据,采用传统的信息提取方法依然无法取得高的精度。因此结合多源遥感数据和GIS数据,建立了基于TERRA/MODIS数据的冬小麦种植面积遥感监测体系结构。首先利用IKONOS米级高分辨率遥感影像提取试验样区的地块图,用以指导野外采样工作;其次,在采样工作基础上,利用LANDSAT进行区域冬小麦种植面积提取;最后利用2002年TERRA/MODIS时间序列数据的混合像元线性分解模型进行河南省冬小麦种植面积的遥感监测,监测结果与国家统计数据相比,相对误差为5.25%,精度能满足农情监测的需要。研究结果为中国冬小麦种植面积遥感监测提供了一种业务化工作方法。

长江口悬浮泥沙的MODIS影像遥感监测研究

通过对遥感监测泥沙原理和MODIS传感器特征的分析,应用不同时间的MODIS影像进行长江口及其附近海域的悬浮泥沙监测。结果表明:(1)长江口及其附近海域悬浮泥沙含量较高,其中杭州湾悬浮泥沙浓度高于长江口;(2)长江口及其附近海域水体中的泥沙由再悬浮形成,且冬季泥沙浓度和范围均大于春季;(3)入海径流与海洋动力是影响河口沿岸及近海水域水体悬浮泥沙含量的主要因素,其中海洋动力的潮流和波浪是主导控制因素。

利用MODIS可见光波段反演陆地气溶胶光学厚度

利用Herold等建立的地表反射率库及MODIS遥感影像研究城市区和非城市区典型地物在可见光红蓝波段地表反射率的比值特性。在此基础上,利用MODIS 1km分辨率遥感影像红蓝可见光波段实现了气溶胶光学厚度的反演,采用卫星过境时间前后半小时北京和香河AERONET站的气溶胶光学厚度观测平均值作为验证参考。结果显示,66.67%的反演结果处于±0.05±0.15τ的误差界限内,反演算法不受地表反射率的限制,而且只利用了可见光红蓝波段,避免缺少近红外波段数据的限制。

利用MODIS图像反演海岸与海岛的地物光谱反射率

提出一种利用MODIS图像,用查找表反演海岸与海岛地物光谱反射率的方法。该方法首先借助AHMAD辐射传输模型,由MODIS图像的水体像元反演出气溶胶的光学特性;在所选影像为晴空无云条件下,假设一定范围内的海岛与海岸上空的大气和水体上空的大气一样,借助6S辐射传输模型计算基于地物光谱反射率的查找表,然后由MODIS图像的陆地像元的反射率和几何条件加上反演的气溶胶光学厚度,用插值法可求得地物光谱反射率。还给出了厦门地区实际卫星图像的反演结果,并就反演误差进行了分析。

基于ENVI的MODIS数据预处理方法

基于ENVI遥感影像处理软件,选取湖北省MODIS数据,经预处理得到可以进一步分析的湖北省MODIS数据,重点讲述了应用ENVI软件对MODIS数据进行遥感影像预处理的方法和流程,为区域农业遥感数据库建设提供遥感数据处理方法支撑。

MODIS在青藏高原大范围积雪制图中的应用及存在的问题

积雪是地球表面重要的组成部分之一,精确监测积雪覆盖及其动态变化是地球科学的一个重要研究方向。本文以我国主要积雪区之一的青藏高原作为研究区域,研究了MODIS数据在青藏高原大范围积雪制图中的应用。使用基于NDSI阈值法的积雪像元识别方法,对2002-2003年度青藏高原的积雪状况进行了监测。对监测结果的分析表明,虽然这种算法目前还存在一些不足,但对青藏高原大区域的积雪监测仍是一种极为有效的方法。

MODIS卫星海雾检测技术研究

以MODIS／TERRA卫星为数据源，以2006～2009年黄渤海区域五个台站的实况资料和部分海测资料为依据，选取了23幅有雾天气卫星云图为样本，对卫星36个通道进行了相关性分析实验，通过该实验实现了海雾特征通道的选择。对特征值与日地关系因子进行了相关性分析实验，讨论了日地关系因子对海雾特征值的影响，提出了特征通道特征值的订正方法。在此基础上，运用阈值法进行了海雾检测，取得了理想的海雾正检率。

MODIS和GOCI卫星遥感反射率产品在浑浊海区交叉检验分析

对Geostationary Ocean Color Imager(GOCI)和Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer(MODIS)传感器在中国渤海辽东湾海区的卫星大气校正算法开展评估工作。主要对比了GOCI和MODIS的412 nm,443 nm,488 nm,547 nm,678 nm波段的遥感反射率(Remote Sensing Reflectance:Rrs)。结果表明:GOCI的去云算法较严格,在卫星有效数据覆盖率方面差于MODIS;遥感反射率产品比对结果表明:GOCI和MODIS的遥感反射率产品有较好的线性相关,且GOCI反演值大于MODIS反演值;分区域的对比结果表明,MODIS和GOCI的遥感反射率差异随着水体的浑浊度增加而增大,GOCI需要开发适用于近岸水体的大气校正算法。