在二十世纪八十年代，NASA 开始设计地球观测系统(EOS)，MODIS 数据是地球观测系统中很具特色的数据，在 TERRA 和 AQUA 卫星上均搭载有 MODIS 传感器．利用 MODIS 的较高的空间分辨率和光谱分辨率进行地球资源的监测 及预测、预报未来...在二十世纪八十年代，NASA 开始设计地球观测系统(EOS)，MODIS 数据是地球观测系统中很具特色的数据，在 TERRA 和 AQUA 卫星上均搭载有 MODIS 传感器．利用 MODIS 的较高的空间分辨率和光谱分辨率进行地球资源的监测 及预测、预报未来变化的研究是近几年热点的研究问题．本文介绍利用 EOS/MODIS 遥感数据进行湖泊水域计算机自动 识别及面积计算、湖水面温度反演、湖冰信息自动提取、湖泊封冻和解冻监测原理和方法，并以青海湖为例介绍了实际应 用情况．展开更多
Remote sensing images can be used to delineate variations in the area of lakes and to assess the influence of environmental changes and human activities.However,because lakes are dynamic,results obtained from individu...Remote sensing images can be used to delineate variations in the area of lakes and to assess the influence of environmental changes and human activities.However,because lakes are dynamic,results obtained from individual images acquired on a single date are not representative and do not accurately reflect ongoing changes.In this study,we used 8-day moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)composite data from 2000 to2010 to map water surface changes over 629 lakes in China.We combined automatic extraction of training data and support vector machine classification to derive the spatial distribution of these large water bodies.The producer’s and user’s accuracies for MODIS images were91.06%and 89.81%,respectively,when compared with interpretation results from 30 m resolution Landsat images taken on similar days.Area changes,variability,inundation intensity,and rainy seasons of the 629 lakes were analyzed based on this multi-temporal lake database.The total area of the 629 lakes increased over the study period,primarily as a result of the expansion of lake areas on the Tibetan Plateau.There were 12 lakes with a maximum area[1,000 km2,and six of these decreased in area from 2000to 2010.The shrinkages of Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake were-54.76 and-25.08 km2/a,respectively.The area of lakes on Tibetan Plateau,in northern Xinjiang,northeastern Inner Mongolia,and northeastern China varied little,while lakes on the Yangtze Plain,in southern Inner Mongolia,and central Xinjiang fluctuated considerably.Inundation intensity increased for lakes on the Tibetan Plateau,in northern Xinjiang,Heilongjiang,and Jilin,while inundation extent decreased in central Xinjiang,southern Tibet,southern Inner Mongolia,Sichuan,and on the Yangtze Plain.This study is an attempt to develop high-frequency specific land cover maps to improve applicability of general land cover maps.The lake products serve as an important supplement to hydrologic data.The lake database enables the generation of new land surface process models,which could improve the precision of simulations,based on more accurate observations of dynamic lake systems.展开更多
文摘在二十世纪八十年代，NASA 开始设计地球观测系统(EOS)，MODIS 数据是地球观测系统中很具特色的数据，在 TERRA 和 AQUA 卫星上均搭载有 MODIS 传感器．利用 MODIS 的较高的空间分辨率和光谱分辨率进行地球资源的监测 及预测、预报未来变化的研究是近几年热点的研究问题．本文介绍利用 EOS/MODIS 遥感数据进行湖泊水域计算机自动 识别及面积计算、湖水面温度反演、湖冰信息自动提取、湖泊封冻和解冻监测原理和方法，并以青海湖为例介绍了实际应 用情况．
基金supported by the National Hightech R&D Program of China(2009AA12200101)
文摘Remote sensing images can be used to delineate variations in the area of lakes and to assess the influence of environmental changes and human activities.However,because lakes are dynamic,results obtained from individual images acquired on a single date are not representative and do not accurately reflect ongoing changes.In this study,we used 8-day moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)composite data from 2000 to2010 to map water surface changes over 629 lakes in China.We combined automatic extraction of training data and support vector machine classification to derive the spatial distribution of these large water bodies.The producer’s and user’s accuracies for MODIS images were91.06%and 89.81%,respectively,when compared with interpretation results from 30 m resolution Landsat images taken on similar days.Area changes,variability,inundation intensity,and rainy seasons of the 629 lakes were analyzed based on this multi-temporal lake database.The total area of the 629 lakes increased over the study period,primarily as a result of the expansion of lake areas on the Tibetan Plateau.There were 12 lakes with a maximum area[1,000 km2,and six of these decreased in area from 2000to 2010.The shrinkages of Poyang Lake and Dongting Lake were-54.76 and-25.08 km2/a,respectively.The area of lakes on Tibetan Plateau,in northern Xinjiang,northeastern Inner Mongolia,and northeastern China varied little,while lakes on the Yangtze Plain,in southern Inner Mongolia,and central Xinjiang fluctuated considerably.Inundation intensity increased for lakes on the Tibetan Plateau,in northern Xinjiang,Heilongjiang,and Jilin,while inundation extent decreased in central Xinjiang,southern Tibet,southern Inner Mongolia,Sichuan,and on the Yangtze Plain.This study is an attempt to develop high-frequency specific land cover maps to improve applicability of general land cover maps.The lake products serve as an important supplement to hydrologic data.The lake database enables the generation of new land surface process models,which could improve the precision of simulations,based on more accurate observations of dynamic lake systems.
