Loss of monopolar spindle-binding protein 3B expression promotes colorectal cancer malignant behaviors by activation of target of rapamycin kinase/autophagy signaling

BACKGROUND Monopolar spindle-binding protein 3B(MOB3B)functions as a signal transducer and altered MOB3B expression is associated with the development of human cancers.AIM To investigate the role of MOB3B in colorectal cancer(CRC).METHODS This study collected 102 CRC tissue samples for immunohistochemical detection of MOB3B expression for association with CRC prognosis.After overexpression and knockdown of MOB3B expression were induced in CRC cell lines,changes in cell viability,migration,invasion,and gene expression were assayed.Tumor cell autophagy was detected using transmission electron microscopy,while nude mouse xenograft experiments were performed to confirm the in-vitro results.RESULTS MOB3B expression was reduced in CRC vs normal tissues and loss of MOB3B expression was associated with poor CRC prognosis.Overexpression of MOB3B protein in vitro attenuated the cell viability as well as the migration and invasion capacities of CRC cells,whereas knockdown of MOB3B expression had the opposite effects in CRC cells.At the molecular level,microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 II/I expression was elevated,whereas the expression of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)2,MMP9,sequestosome 1,and phosphorylated mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase(mTOR)was downregulated in MOB3B-overexpressing RKO cells.In contrast,the opposite results were observed in tumor cells with MOB3B knockdown.The nude mouse data confirmed these in-vitro findings,i.e.,MOB3B expression suppressed CRC cell xenograft growth,whereas knockdown of MOB3B expression promoted the growth of CRC cell xenografts.CONCLUSION Loss of MOB3B expression promotes CRC development and malignant behaviors,suggesting a potential tumor suppressive role of MOB3B in CRC by inhibition of mTOR/autophagy signaling.

Ultrasonically activated scalpel versus monopolar electrocautery shovel in laparoscopic total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer

AIM： To investigate the feasibility and safety of monopolar electrocautery shovel （ES） in laparoscopic total mesorectal excision （TME） with anal sphincter preservation for rectal cancer in order to reduce the cost of the laparoscopic operation, and to compare ES with the ultrasonically activated scalpel （US）. METHODS： Forty patients with rectal cancer, who underwent laparoscopic TME with anal sphincter preservation from June 2005 to June 2007, were randomly divided into ultrasonic scalpel group and monopolar ES group, prospectively. White blood cells （WBC） were measured before and after operation, operative time, blood loss, pelvic volume of drainage, time of anal exhaust, visual analogue scales （VAS） and surgery-related complications were recorded. RESULTS： All the operations were successful; no one was converted to open procedure. No significant differences were observed in terms of preoperative and postoperative d I and d 3 WBC counts （P = 0.493, P = 0.375, P = 0.559）, operation time （P = 0.235）, blood loss （P = 0.296）, anal exhaust time （P = 0.431）, pelvic drainage volume and VAS in postoperative d 1 （P = 0.431, P = 0.426） and d 3 （P = 0.844, P = 0.617） between ES group and US group. The occurrence of surgery-related complications such as anastomotic leakage and wound infection was the same in the two groups.CONCLUSION： ES is a safe and feasible tool as same as US used in laparoscopic TME with anal sphincter preservation for rectal cancer on the basis of the skillful laparoscopic technique and the complete understanding of laparoscopic pelvic anatomy. Application of ES can not only reduce the operation costs but also benefit the popularization of laparoscopic operation for rectal cancer patients.

Differences of Plasma Levels of Tryptophan, Serotonin, 5-Hydroxyindole Acetic Acid, and Kynurenine between Healthy People and Patients of Major Monopolar Depression at Various Age and Gender

Background: It is not well analyzed whether there are differences in plasma levels of tryptophan (TRP) metabolites between healthy control people (HC) and patients of major monopolar depression (MMD). Methods: Ultra high-speed liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry has been used for the simultaneous determination of plasma levels of tryptophan metabolites in depressive patients. Results: There are no significant differences between plasma levels of TRP between HC and MMD. Plasma levels of TRP of HC are higher in young men, young women, old men, and old women in this order. Serotonin (5-HT) levels are higher in MMD than HC. Plasma levels of 5-HIAA of HC are also higher than those of patients of MMD. Plasma levels of kynurenine (KYN) of healthy old men and old women are higher than those of young men and old women. Plasma levels of KYN are higher in old women and young men of MMD than those of HC. Conclusion: Plasma levels of 5-HT are higher in patients of MMD than those of HC, which may suggest that use of drugs inhibiting the 5-HT transportation may increase plasma levels of 5-HT in MMD.

Comparison of Age and Gender Differences of Tryptophan Metabolites in Patients of Major Monopolar and Bipolar Depression

Background: No research has been done for the determination of plasma levels of tryptophan metabolites in patients of monopolar and bipolar depression. Methods: Ultra high-speed liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry has been used for the simultaneous determination of plasma levels of tryptophan metabolites in depressive patients. Results: No significant age and gender differences were shown in monopolar depressive patients and some differences were shown in bipolar patients. The administration of drugs such as antidepressants, antipsychotics, mood stabilizers do not seem to have affected the results. Conclusion: In patients of major monopolar depression age and gender differences of plasma levels of tryptophan metabolites disappear although significant differences are observed in healthy volunteers. Some differences of age and gender differences were shown between monopolar and bipolar depressive patients.

Fault Current and Voltage Estimation Method in Symmetrical Monopolar MMC-based DC Grids

Symmetrical monopolar configuration is the prevailing scheme configuration for modular multilevel converter based high-voltage direct current(MMC-HVDC) links, in which severe DC overvoltage or overcurrent can be caused by the DC faults. To deal with the possible asymmetry in the DC faults and the coupling effects of the DC lines, this paper analyzes the DC fault characteristics based on the phase-mode transformation. First, the DC grid is decomposed into the common-mode and the differential-mode networks. The equivalent models of the MMCs and DC lines in the two networks are derived, respectively. Then, based on the state matrices, a unified numerical calculation method for the fault voltages and currents at the DC side is proposed. Compared with the time-domain simulations performed on PSCAD/EMTDC, the accuracy of the proposed method is validated. Last, the system parameter analysis shows that the grounding parameters play an important role in reducing the severity of the pole-to-ground faults, whereas the coupling effects of the DC lines should be considered when calculating the DC fault currents associated with the pole-to-pole faults.

基于反步自适应准谐振控制的双馈风机次同步振荡抑制策略

随着电力系统容量和规模的不断扩大,常采取串补电容的方式提升输电线路的输电能力,但这加剧了电力系统中出现次同步振荡(SSO)的风险。SSO的产生会影响双馈感应发电机(DFIG)转子侧变流器(RSC)的控制,进而引起定子电流的振荡发散,严重时将会导致风机解列脱网。因此,为解决SSO对RSC控制产生扰动的问题,该文提出了基于自适应准谐振控制的RSC反步次同步振荡抑制策略。首先对SSO在RSC控制系统中的传播路径及其频率变化对控制的影响等内容展开研究;然后通过反步控制器与自适应准谐振控制器的协同控制,对DFIG定子中宽频带SSO电流进行抑制,避免发电系统输出受到SSO的影响;最后通过搭建仿真模型与实验平台,验证所提理论与控制策略的有效性。该文分别对在10 Hz、20 Hz、30 Hz及频率变化时SSO影响下的DFIG定子振荡电流抑制效果进行验证。实验结果表明,所提策略对DFIG系统中宽频带SSO具有良好的抑制效果。

Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour: Safe Implementation of Bipolar Technique

Background: Traditionally, monopolar transurethral resection was the standard surgery for bladder tumors. After developing the bipolar technique, it was noticed that patients’ morbidity was reduced. We aim to compare bipolar and monopolar transurethral resection of bladder tumors in terms of efficacy, safety, and oncological outcomes. Patients and Methods: Clinical records of sixty patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer who underwent either monopolar or bipolar transurethral resection between March 2019 and April 2021 were prospectively reviewed. Results: Thirty patients were included in each group. The mean age in monopolar and bipolar arms was 59.9 and 57.5 years, respectively. The obturator reflex occurred in 13.33% and 36.66% of the bipolar and monopolar arms, respectively (p = 0.032). Bladder perforation was reported in 2 cases in the monopolar arm. The resection time was significantly longer for the monopolar arm (25.45 Vs 22.85 minutes). Also, the monopolar arm reported longer mean irrigation (23.34 Vs 20.11, p = 0.039), with 1 TUR syndrome reported in the monopolar arm. The mean hemoglobin drop was more in the monopolar arm (0.9 Vs 0.5 gm/dl, p = 0.041). No statistical significance was reported regarding the histopathology results, and one patient in the monopolar group did not have muscle in his specimen. There was no statistically significant difference in recurrence and prognosis between both groups. Conclusions: The bipolar technique has demonstrated its reliability and efficiency as a surgical procedure, providing various advantages while minimizing the risk of complications.

射频技术在面部年轻化中的临床应用

面部年轻化治疗的需求日渐增加,与传统的手术相比,无创和微创的面部年轻化治疗方式更符合现代医学美学发展的趋势,强脉冲光、点阵激光、皮秒激光、聚焦超声、射频等面部年轻化治疗技术不断发展。其中射频技术的治疗效果不依赖于色素对能量的吸收,因此治疗后色素相关的不良反应轻;射频能量可传递到真皮深层及更深的层次,起到促进胶原蛋白再生和重塑,改善皮肤质地、毛孔粗大、皮肤松弛、脂肪堆积、皮肤皱纹等作用,对轻中度皮肤松弛的患者是很好的选择。微创的相控射频微针和无创的单极射频技术目前临床应用较多,具有一定的代表性,安全有效,可以与多种其他设备或者治疗手段相结合,本文以这两种设备为例,介绍射频技术在面部年轻化中的基本操作规范,方便临床工作,提高治疗效果及安全性,减少术后不良反应的发生。

高压直流接地极单极运行对埋地管道电位的干扰与影响

为评价接地极单极运行对埋地油气管道的电位干扰情况,采用Beasy仿真计算软件建立了考虑管道阴极保护系统和管道极化效应的电路仿真模型,通过仿真计算研究了接地极不同极性、不同入地电流和接地极与管道的距离对管道的极化电位分布影响规律。结果表明:接地极的入地电流越大,管道受干扰的极化电位越大,入地电流与极化电位满足线性关系;接地极与管道的垂直距离越短,靠近接地极端的近端管道越短,管道受干扰的极化电位越大。管道的阴极保护系统会抑制部分高压直流产生的杂散电流;对于现场实际工况,需考虑管道阴极保护系统对接地极杂散电流的影响。

基于反向行波幅值比的对称单极柔性直流系统行波方向保护

快速可靠的方向保护对直流线路保护研究具有重要意义。传统行波方向保护基于正反向行波幅值比识别故障方向,保护动作速度快且无需依赖线路边界,应用前景广阔。但研究发现,当对称单极运行的模块化多电平换流器柔性直流系统发生单极故障时,由于换流站各桥臂子模块投入数量的动态变化会导致直流侧等值阻抗不断变化,从而导致以行波反射系数为整定依据的传统行波方向保护失效。为此,该文提出不依赖线路边界且不受换流站控制响应影响的行波方向保护原理。首先,利用换流站直流出口直流电抗器两侧暂态电压幅值比识别故障是否发生于直流线路侧;然后,利用各条线路反向行波幅值比确定故障线路,有效地消除了换流站控制响应的影响;最后,通过大量的仿真算例充分验证了该文所提方向保护的优势和可行性。

低温等离子刀切除扁桃体和单极电刀切除扁桃体的临床疗效

目的探究低温等离子刀切除扁桃体和单极电刀切除扁桃体的临床疗效。方法选取2019年1月至2021年6月上海市嘉定区中心医院收治的100例慢性扁桃体炎患者作为研究对象,随机分为等离子组与电刀组,每组50例。等离子组行全身麻醉下低温等离子刀切除双侧扁桃体术,电刀组行全身麻醉下单极电刀切除双侧扁桃体术。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛评分[视觉模拟评分法(VAS)]、术后出血情况、术后创面愈合情况。结果等离子组手术时间长于电刀组,术后VAS评分低于电刀组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术中出血量、术后出血情况比较差异无统计学意义。等离子组术后创面愈合情况优于电刀组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与单极电刀相比,低温等离子刀切除扁桃体可显著减轻患者术后疼痛,促进创面愈合,减少术后出血发生,值得临床推广应用。

单极电刀在腺样体手术中的临床应用及效果分析

目的 分析单极电刀电凝切除腺样体手术的临床应用价值。方法 方便选取2021年5月—2022年3月福建医科大学附属漳州市医院收治的120例行腺样体切除术的腺样体肥大患儿为研究对象,随机分为等离子射频消融术组(等离子组)、电刀电凝切除术组(电刀组),各60例。记录两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后疼痛程度、住院医疗费用。结果 两组患儿经治疗后临床症状均完全缓解。电刀组出血量为[2(2,3)]mL,电刀组手术持续时间为[46.5(34,56.5)]min,与等离子组的[2(2,4.5)]mL、[49.5(33,63.75)]min比较,差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.375,P=0.708;Z=-0.685,P=0.493)。电刀组住院费用为[5 504.25(4 353.99,6 211.75)]元,电刀组疼疼痛指数为[4(2,6)]分,低于等离子组的[7 304.24(6 271.80,8 347.30)]元、[2(0,2)]分,差异有统计学意义(Z=-7.448、-6.019,P<0.001)。结论 单极电刀在腺样体手术中治疗效果与等离子刀相似,且住院费用低。

基于轮式装甲车的4单元MIMO天线布局设计

随着通信需求的增加,装甲车通信系统开始朝着多天线、集成化的方向发展,然而有限空间载体上天线数量的增加势必会对通信系统的正常工作造成影响。为此提出了一种轮式装甲车的4单元MIMO天线布局方案以修正天线单元之间的互耦以及天线和装甲车的耦合造成的方向图畸变。利用CST软件进行建模仿真,仿真结果表明该方案可以实现方向图的修正从而达到全向辐射特性。

溪洛渡—浙西±800kV特高压直流输电工程受端电网直流偏磁治理

针对±800 k V溪洛渡—浙西(简称溪浙)直流工程对浙江电网直流偏磁的影响,开展了受端电网直流偏磁研究。根据浙江电网拓扑结构与广域大地模型,基于场路耦合的方法建立了溪浙直流受端电网直流偏磁仿真模型,并通过测试结果验证了模型的准确性。针对浙江电网的特点,提出直流偏磁的治理思路,确定了500、220、110 k V变压器的直流偏磁治理标准分别为20、15、10 A。通过多次仿真与试验修正,提出了电容电阻结合、分阶段递进式的直流偏磁治理方法。经过3个阶段,对46座直流偏磁超标的变电站进行了治理,有效的抑制了浙江电网的直流偏磁水平。

直流输电系统变压器中性点电流分布的影响因素

直流输电系统单极大地回路运行时,直流电流流过变压器中性点,影响了变压器的运行。该电流的分布受到入地电流、土壤电阻率、变电站接地电阻、变压器等效直流电阻、AC系统网络拓扑和直流电阻参数等因素的影响。为研究这些因素的影响,将土壤模型和交流电网模型结合起来,建立了一个求解变压器中性点直流电流的模型来仿真比较500 kV电网实际数据。计算表明考虑海洋影响后,由于海水的低电阻率,造成处于距离接地极较远而靠近海边的厂站变压器中性点会流过较大的直流电流,而交流电网的拓扑结构造成处于相同地理位置的两变电站主变中性点流过的直流电流不相同。仿真结果解释了部分厂站变压器中性点流过较大直流电流的现象。

相模变换法分析特高压直流输电线路接地故障

为研究双极运行的特高压直流输电系统中单极接地故障过电压,采用相模变换法分析了双极运行的特高压直流输电系统单极接地故障。首先建立故障时的模量电路,分析线路不同端口性质下健全极过电压的波形特征和幅值,然后结合模量电路分析,以云广直流输电工程为对象,建立了双极直流输电系统的单极接地故障模型,计算和分析了多种因素如故障接地电阻、直流滤波器的工作状态、平波电抗器的布置方式等的影响以及故障时健全极沿线的过电压幅值分布情况。结果表明,直流滤波器的投入与否将改变直流线路端口的阻抗性质,对故障时的过电压影响显著:投入直流滤波器时,中点接地故障时健全极过电压最大可达1.76p.u.,平波电抗器布置方式对健全极过电压幅值无影响;未投入直流滤波器时,平波电抗器布置方式将直接影响到健全极过电压的幅值。

不孕症实施腹腔镜下输卵管、卵巢电凝电切手术对卵巢功能的近期影响

目的:研究不孕症腹腔镜下实施输卵管、卵巢电凝、电切手术对卵巢功能的近期影响。方法:不孕症行腹腔镜下输卵管、卵巢电凝、电切手术53例,分别于术前(月经第2～3天),术后第1天、第5天、1个月(月经第2～3天)、3个月(月经第2～3天)抽血测定卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、催乳素(PRL)、雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)、睾酮(T)水平,术后随访6个月了解其排卵及妊娠情况。结果:53例不孕症患者术后第1天LH、E2、P、T水平增高(P<0.05);术后1个月除E2增高、LH下降(P<0.05);3个月PRL下降(P<0.05)。术后半年排卵率为92.45%,妊娠率为39.62%。结论:不孕症行腹腔镜下输卵管、卵巢电凝、电切手术不加重卵巢近期功能的损害。不孕症输卵管、卵巢手术后可提高排卵率及妊娠率。

腹腔镜采用高频电刀用于卵巢止血对卵巢功能的近期影响

目的研究腹腔镜采用高频电刀用于卵巢止血对卵巢功能的近期影响。方法单侧卵巢囊肿拟行囊肿剔除术88例患者,随机分为对照开腹组、单极电凝组、双极电凝组。所有患者分别于术前、术后1个月、术后3个月抽血测定E2、P、T、FSH、LH的水平,并进行术后随访。结果三组病例在术后1月均出现E2下降,FSH、LH增高,分别与术前比较差异有显著意义(P<0.05),但三组之间FSH、LH、E2比较无差异(P>0.05)。术后3月各种激素水平与术前及术后1月比较差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。术后3个月以单极电凝组和对照开腹组导致月经异常的较其它组例数多,但三组间比较差异无显著意义(P>0.05)。结论与开腹组比较腹腔镜手术使用高频电刀不加重卵巢近期功能的损害。

单双极电极系统宫腔镜手术对患者电解质影响的比较

【目的】探讨宫腔镜手术中,因电极系统的不同,对患者电解质影响的差别。【方法】选择宫腔镜电切术患者104例,按照手术中应用电极系统的不同将其分为两组:单极电切组50例,双极电切组54例。于术前、术后即刻测定血钠、氯、钾、糖及血浆渗透压等指标,并记录手术时间、膨宫液吸收量。【结果】在单极与双极电切组中,手术时间、膨宫液吸收量和血糖、血钠、血氯变化值分别是:(16±7)min与(14±4)min,495.0mL与300.0mL,(6±9)mmol/L与(1.5±1.0)mmol/L,(-3±5)mmol/L与(-1.5±1.5)mmol/L,(-1±3)mmol/L与(0.5±1.6)mmol/L。与单极电切术比较,双极电切术手术时间短,膨宫液吸收量少,对患者生化的影响更小。【结论】双极电极系统在维持电解质平衡方面更具优越性。

超声刀及单、双极电凝对兔卵巢组织热效应及术后粘连的比较研究

目的比较腹腔镜下使用超声刀及单、双极电凝对兔卵巢组织造成的热损伤程度和术后粘连情况,探讨腹腔镜下卵巢手术中适宜的止血方法。方法将中国家兔随机分为四组,对照组开腹缝合卵巢组织,其余组则模拟腹腔镜手术对兔卵巢分别进行超声刀和电凝止血,术后2周观察卵巢组织粘连及热损伤范围。结果对照组较腹腔镜各组粘连分数高,比较差异有显著性(P<0.01),腹腔镜各组间比较无差异(P>0.05)。腹腔镜各组中组织热损伤以超声刀损伤范围最小,以单极电凝损伤最大。结论腹腔镜能减轻术后卵巢粘连的发生;超声刀对组织热损伤小。