近年来,得益于多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱(MC-ICP-MS)的快速发展,钾(K)同位素的分析精度得到显著提升,极大地促进了K同位素地球化学的发展,在示踪大陆风化、壳幔物质循环等方面已经展现出良好的应用前景。目前,样品分离提纯过程繁琐,...近年来,得益于多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱(MC-ICP-MS)的快速发展,钾(K)同位素的分析精度得到显著提升,极大地促进了K同位素地球化学的发展,在示踪大陆风化、壳幔物质循环等方面已经展现出良好的应用前景。目前,样品分离提纯过程繁琐,耗时长,以及ArH^(+)对K的直接干扰导致的分析精度不足依旧是K同位素得到更广泛应用的最大阻碍。在使用盐酸、硝酸以及氢氟酸将样品彻底溶解后,利用装有约2.7 mL AG50W-X8(BioRadTM,200~400目)阳离子交换树脂的定制石英离子交换柱,以及0.5 mol/L硝酸作为淋洗液可以有效地将地质样品中的K与Na、Ti、Mg、Mn、Al、Ca等主要基体元素一次性分离开来,从而有效分离提纯常见地质样品中的K(高Cr样品除外)。在仪器分析方面,为达到最大程度降低测试过程中的ArH^(+)产率以及提高仪器测试的稳定状态,分别采用了高分辨模式、高分辨加连续采集模式以及低分辨下扣除ArH^(+)干扰模式进行测试,结果表明低分辨模式下测试成本较低,测试稳定时间最长且能达到与高分辨率测试相比拟的分析精度(实验室长期精度~0.08‰)。在此基础上测定了一套中国国家岩石标准物质的K同位素组成,得出的K同位素测量值可以为今后不同实验室间的数据对比给出参考。展开更多
Lycorine and galantamine are natural alkaloids found in Amaryllidaceae plants, such as narcissus. Narcissus leaves and roots are sometimes accidentally ingested because they resemble vegetables. Lycorine and galantami...Lycorine and galantamine are natural alkaloids found in Amaryllidaceae plants, such as narcissus. Narcissus leaves and roots are sometimes accidentally ingested because they resemble vegetables. Lycorine and galantamine are toxic and cause such effects as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, when accidentally ingested. In a case of narcissus poisoning, the detection of lycorine and galantamine in biological samples is vital to determine whether they have been ingested. This study establishes a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method to measure the lycorine and galantamine content of human serum, which can be used for mild to fatal poisoning cases. A serum pretreatment procedure was performed using acetonitrile and QuEChERS AOAC powder. The separation of the compounds was conducted using a pentafluorophenyl column, CAPCELL CORE PFP (2.1 mm I.D. × 100 mm, 2.7 μm). Lycorine, galantamine, and galantamine-d<sub>6</sub> (internal standard) were identified by the transitions of m/z 288 → 147, m/z 288 → 213, and m/z 294 → 216, respectively. The calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 0.05 to 5 ng/mL and 5 to 100 ng/mL, with R<sup>2</sup> > 0.999. The precision and accuracy were within the permissible range. The matrix effects of lycorine and galantamine were 94.3% - 98.4% and 87.8% - 91.1%, respectively. The extraction recovery rates of lycorine and galantamine were 101.9% - 112.7% and 95.6% - 107.1%, respectively. The present method detected lycorine and galantamine in the sera of three patients with mild poisoning that had accidentally ingested. This method is applicable in cases of lycorine and galantamine poisoning.展开更多
Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing organic compounds, generally basic, and found in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Some alkaloids are used in medicine, but some compounds are highly toxic. Accidental ingestion, homicide,...Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing organic compounds, generally basic, and found in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Some alkaloids are used in medicine, but some compounds are highly toxic. Accidental ingestion, homicide, and suicide have occurred due to plants containing alkaloids. The identification of toxic components in biological samples is important for the diagnosis and/or treatment of poisoning cases in forensic and emergency medicine. Alkaloids have a wide variety of structures, such as isoquinoline alkaloid, indole alkaloid, tropane alkaloid, and diterpene alkaloid;therefore, there are few reports of simultaneous analysis methods. We have established a method for the simultaneous analysis of 23 alkaloids in human serum with a liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometer (LC/MS/MS). A liquid-liquid extraction which was modified from the first step of the QuEChERS AOAC method was used for serum pretreatment. The separation of the compounds was performed using a pentafluorophenyl (PFP) column, CAPCELL CORE PFP (2.1 mm I.D. × 100 mm, 2.7 μm) in gradient mode. Mobile phase A consisted of 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in ultrapure water, and mobile phase B was 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in methanol. Simultaneous analysis was performed in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode. The separation of 23 alkaloids was satisfactory, as PFP columns exhibited different retention behaviors than alkyl phase columns. The PFP column effectively retained polar aromatic compounds;therefore, it was suitable for alkaloid analysis. The validated method was applied to a forensic case of aconite poisoning. The present method was useful in LC/MS/MS screening for 23 alkaloids in human serum.展开更多
Non-polar capillary columns for GC/MS are widely utilized in the analysis of additives for food contact materials. Though various kinds of non-polar capillary columns are commercially available, the equality of their ...Non-polar capillary columns for GC/MS are widely utilized in the analysis of additives for food contact materials. Though various kinds of non-polar capillary columns are commercially available, the equality of their performance has not been verified. Herein, ninety-six additives for food contact plastics were analyzed using fifteen kinds of columns, and the peak separation, retention times, and peak areas of each additive were compared. The additives, with various chemical properties, comprised forty four plasticizers, twenty lubricants, twenty antioxidants, nine ultraviolet absorbers, and three other compounds. 10 μg.mL-1 test solutions were prepared in acetone, and injected to the GC/MS. The fifteen columns were classified into five categories based on the chromatogram pattern and peak separation. To facilitate comparison of the retention time and detection sensitivity of the columns for the additives, the relative retention time (RRT) and relative peak area (RPA) were calculated by using dibutylphthalate or 4-tert-butylphenylsalicylate as an internal standard. The RRTs of the additives on each column were essentially similar. However, the RRT of the additives which were detected in the later stages differed slightly. Although the RPA of the plasticizers and lubricants were roughly similar, column-to-column differences were observed for certain additives, such as antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers. Furthermore, certain fatty acids, antioxidants, two plasticizers, and two benzophenone type ultraviolet absorbers were not detected in the chromatograms of two columns.展开更多
文摘近年来,得益于多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱(MC-ICP-MS)的快速发展,钾(K)同位素的分析精度得到显著提升,极大地促进了K同位素地球化学的发展,在示踪大陆风化、壳幔物质循环等方面已经展现出良好的应用前景。目前,样品分离提纯过程繁琐,耗时长,以及ArH^(+)对K的直接干扰导致的分析精度不足依旧是K同位素得到更广泛应用的最大阻碍。在使用盐酸、硝酸以及氢氟酸将样品彻底溶解后,利用装有约2.7 mL AG50W-X8(BioRadTM,200~400目)阳离子交换树脂的定制石英离子交换柱,以及0.5 mol/L硝酸作为淋洗液可以有效地将地质样品中的K与Na、Ti、Mg、Mn、Al、Ca等主要基体元素一次性分离开来,从而有效分离提纯常见地质样品中的K(高Cr样品除外)。在仪器分析方面,为达到最大程度降低测试过程中的ArH^(+)产率以及提高仪器测试的稳定状态,分别采用了高分辨模式、高分辨加连续采集模式以及低分辨下扣除ArH^(+)干扰模式进行测试,结果表明低分辨模式下测试成本较低,测试稳定时间最长且能达到与高分辨率测试相比拟的分析精度(实验室长期精度~0.08‰)。在此基础上测定了一套中国国家岩石标准物质的K同位素组成,得出的K同位素测量值可以为今后不同实验室间的数据对比给出参考。
文摘Lycorine and galantamine are natural alkaloids found in Amaryllidaceae plants, such as narcissus. Narcissus leaves and roots are sometimes accidentally ingested because they resemble vegetables. Lycorine and galantamine are toxic and cause such effects as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, when accidentally ingested. In a case of narcissus poisoning, the detection of lycorine and galantamine in biological samples is vital to determine whether they have been ingested. This study establishes a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method to measure the lycorine and galantamine content of human serum, which can be used for mild to fatal poisoning cases. A serum pretreatment procedure was performed using acetonitrile and QuEChERS AOAC powder. The separation of the compounds was conducted using a pentafluorophenyl column, CAPCELL CORE PFP (2.1 mm I.D. × 100 mm, 2.7 μm). Lycorine, galantamine, and galantamine-d<sub>6</sub> (internal standard) were identified by the transitions of m/z 288 → 147, m/z 288 → 213, and m/z 294 → 216, respectively. The calibration curves were linear in the ranges of 0.05 to 5 ng/mL and 5 to 100 ng/mL, with R<sup>2</sup> > 0.999. The precision and accuracy were within the permissible range. The matrix effects of lycorine and galantamine were 94.3% - 98.4% and 87.8% - 91.1%, respectively. The extraction recovery rates of lycorine and galantamine were 101.9% - 112.7% and 95.6% - 107.1%, respectively. The present method detected lycorine and galantamine in the sera of three patients with mild poisoning that had accidentally ingested. This method is applicable in cases of lycorine and galantamine poisoning.
文摘Alkaloids are nitrogen-containing organic compounds, generally basic, and found in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Some alkaloids are used in medicine, but some compounds are highly toxic. Accidental ingestion, homicide, and suicide have occurred due to plants containing alkaloids. The identification of toxic components in biological samples is important for the diagnosis and/or treatment of poisoning cases in forensic and emergency medicine. Alkaloids have a wide variety of structures, such as isoquinoline alkaloid, indole alkaloid, tropane alkaloid, and diterpene alkaloid;therefore, there are few reports of simultaneous analysis methods. We have established a method for the simultaneous analysis of 23 alkaloids in human serum with a liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometer (LC/MS/MS). A liquid-liquid extraction which was modified from the first step of the QuEChERS AOAC method was used for serum pretreatment. The separation of the compounds was performed using a pentafluorophenyl (PFP) column, CAPCELL CORE PFP (2.1 mm I.D. × 100 mm, 2.7 μm) in gradient mode. Mobile phase A consisted of 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in ultrapure water, and mobile phase B was 10 mM ammonium formate and 0.1% formic acid in methanol. Simultaneous analysis was performed in dynamic multiple reaction monitoring mode. The separation of 23 alkaloids was satisfactory, as PFP columns exhibited different retention behaviors than alkyl phase columns. The PFP column effectively retained polar aromatic compounds;therefore, it was suitable for alkaloid analysis. The validated method was applied to a forensic case of aconite poisoning. The present method was useful in LC/MS/MS screening for 23 alkaloids in human serum.
文摘Non-polar capillary columns for GC/MS are widely utilized in the analysis of additives for food contact materials. Though various kinds of non-polar capillary columns are commercially available, the equality of their performance has not been verified. Herein, ninety-six additives for food contact plastics were analyzed using fifteen kinds of columns, and the peak separation, retention times, and peak areas of each additive were compared. The additives, with various chemical properties, comprised forty four plasticizers, twenty lubricants, twenty antioxidants, nine ultraviolet absorbers, and three other compounds. 10 μg.mL-1 test solutions were prepared in acetone, and injected to the GC/MS. The fifteen columns were classified into five categories based on the chromatogram pattern and peak separation. To facilitate comparison of the retention time and detection sensitivity of the columns for the additives, the relative retention time (RRT) and relative peak area (RPA) were calculated by using dibutylphthalate or 4-tert-butylphenylsalicylate as an internal standard. The RRTs of the additives on each column were essentially similar. However, the RRT of the additives which were detected in the later stages differed slightly. Although the RPA of the plasticizers and lubricants were roughly similar, column-to-column differences were observed for certain additives, such as antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers. Furthermore, certain fatty acids, antioxidants, two plasticizers, and two benzophenone type ultraviolet absorbers were not detected in the chromatograms of two columns.
