A totatl of 116 isolates of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, were collected from 45 samples in different counties of Heilongjiang Province, and 20 Chinese physiological races belonging to seven groups were ident...A totatl of 116 isolates of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, were collected from 45 samples in different counties of Heilongjiang Province, and 20 Chinese physiological races belonging to seven groups were identified by using seven standard Chinese rice blast identifying varieties. Results showed that the dominant groups could be ranked as ZA, ZD, and ZB, with the occurrence frequencies of 47.41%, 22.41% and 15.52%, respectively. The race ZA49 was the dominant race with the occurrence frequency of 26.72%. The occurrence frequencies of the races ZD5 and ZD1 were 10.34% and 8.62%, respectively. The rising occurrence frequencies of these three dominant species were the most important reasons that causing Kongyu-131 more sensitive to rice blast. The results of virulence frequency indicated that the race harboring Pi-k, Pi-i, Pi-a gene were more susceptible to rice blast in Heilongjiang Province, and they should not be large-scale cultivated.展开更多
【目的】稻瘟病严重威胁吉林省水稻的安全生产,选育和利用抗瘟品种是防控稻瘟病最经济、安全的措施。在明晰稻瘟病菌(Magnaportheoryzae)生理小种类型、分布与致病力的基础上,进行吉林省主要粳稻品种的抗瘟性评价和品种组合利用价值分析...【目的】稻瘟病严重威胁吉林省水稻的安全生产,选育和利用抗瘟品种是防控稻瘟病最经济、安全的措施。在明晰稻瘟病菌(Magnaportheoryzae)生理小种类型、分布与致病力的基础上,进行吉林省主要粳稻品种的抗瘟性评价和品种组合利用价值分析,为品种合理布局和高效利用抗病品种提供理论依据。【方法】2021年秋季在吉林省主要稻区采集分离的115份稻瘟病菌菌株中筛选出62个优势单孢菌株,利用7个中国稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴别寄主品种(Chinese differential variety,CDV)对其进行稻瘟病菌生理小种构成和致病力分析;对吉林省主要粳稻品种进行苗期单菌株和田间异地自然诱发抗瘟性鉴定评价;苗期与田间鉴定结果相结合,运用联合抗病性系数(resistance association coefficient,RAC)和联合毒力系数(virulence association coefficient,VAC)分析品种组合的抗病效果。【结果】通过CDV抗性表型可将62个稻瘟病菌菌株划分为7群22个生理小种,优势种群为ZG和ZA,出现频率分别为35.48%和32.26%;优势生理小种依次是ZG1、ZA1和ZA17,出现频率为35.48%、9.68%和8.06%;致病率在40%以上的中等致病力小种为ZA49、ZA1、ZB15、ZB23和ZC15。吉林省主要粳稻品种的苗期单菌株接种鉴定结果表明,抗性频率在80%以上的品种占比为48.89%;田间异地自然诱发抗瘟性鉴定评价结果表明,表现为中抗(MR)以上的品种有14个,占鉴定品种总数的15.56%;中感(MS)品种27个,占比为30%;感病(S)品种35个,占比为38.88%;高感(HS)品种14个,占比为15.56%。通过品种组合联合抗性分析,RAC值高且VAC值低的品种组合具有较好的应用前景。【结论】吉林省62个稻瘟病菌的生理小种结构复杂、多样,不同稻区优势生理小种不同。吉林省主要粳稻品种的抗性较好、抗谱较宽,部分品种间组合具有较高的应用价值。展开更多
基金Supported by the Youth Science Funds of Heilongjiang Province (QC2010027)
文摘A totatl of 116 isolates of rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, were collected from 45 samples in different counties of Heilongjiang Province, and 20 Chinese physiological races belonging to seven groups were identified by using seven standard Chinese rice blast identifying varieties. Results showed that the dominant groups could be ranked as ZA, ZD, and ZB, with the occurrence frequencies of 47.41%, 22.41% and 15.52%, respectively. The race ZA49 was the dominant race with the occurrence frequency of 26.72%. The occurrence frequencies of the races ZD5 and ZD1 were 10.34% and 8.62%, respectively. The rising occurrence frequencies of these three dominant species were the most important reasons that causing Kongyu-131 more sensitive to rice blast. The results of virulence frequency indicated that the race harboring Pi-k, Pi-i, Pi-a gene were more susceptible to rice blast in Heilongjiang Province, and they should not be large-scale cultivated.
文摘【目的】稻瘟病严重威胁吉林省水稻的安全生产,选育和利用抗瘟品种是防控稻瘟病最经济、安全的措施。在明晰稻瘟病菌(Magnaportheoryzae)生理小种类型、分布与致病力的基础上,进行吉林省主要粳稻品种的抗瘟性评价和品种组合利用价值分析,为品种合理布局和高效利用抗病品种提供理论依据。【方法】2021年秋季在吉林省主要稻区采集分离的115份稻瘟病菌菌株中筛选出62个优势单孢菌株,利用7个中国稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴别寄主品种(Chinese differential variety,CDV)对其进行稻瘟病菌生理小种构成和致病力分析;对吉林省主要粳稻品种进行苗期单菌株和田间异地自然诱发抗瘟性鉴定评价;苗期与田间鉴定结果相结合,运用联合抗病性系数(resistance association coefficient,RAC)和联合毒力系数(virulence association coefficient,VAC)分析品种组合的抗病效果。【结果】通过CDV抗性表型可将62个稻瘟病菌菌株划分为7群22个生理小种,优势种群为ZG和ZA,出现频率分别为35.48%和32.26%;优势生理小种依次是ZG1、ZA1和ZA17,出现频率为35.48%、9.68%和8.06%;致病率在40%以上的中等致病力小种为ZA49、ZA1、ZB15、ZB23和ZC15。吉林省主要粳稻品种的苗期单菌株接种鉴定结果表明,抗性频率在80%以上的品种占比为48.89%;田间异地自然诱发抗瘟性鉴定评价结果表明,表现为中抗(MR)以上的品种有14个,占鉴定品种总数的15.56%;中感(MS)品种27个,占比为30%;感病(S)品种35个,占比为38.88%;高感(HS)品种14个,占比为15.56%。通过品种组合联合抗性分析,RAC值高且VAC值低的品种组合具有较好的应用前景。【结论】吉林省62个稻瘟病菌的生理小种结构复杂、多样,不同稻区优势生理小种不同。吉林省主要粳稻品种的抗性较好、抗谱较宽,部分品种间组合具有较高的应用价值。
