Optimization of magnet sorting in a storage ring using genetic algorithms

In this paper, the genetic algorithms are applied to the optimization problem of magnet sorting in an electron storage ring, according to which the objectives are set so that the closed orbit distortion and beta beating can be minimized and the dynamic aperture maximized. The sorting of dipole, quadrupole and sextupole magnets is optimized while the optimization results show the power of the application of genetic algorithms in magnet sorting.

Single-blockmeasurement for the cryogenic permanent magnet undulator sorting

Purpose The magnet sorting is a standard step in the undulator fabrication procedure.The shortest undulators period used in the High Energy Photon Source(HEPS)is only 12 mm.To the short period undulator,the sorting may be more important than the long-period undulator.Normally,the Helmholtz measurement is used as the input for the work.It is the averaged orthogonal magnetization of each block.In order to investigate whether the Helmholtz coil measurement is enough for the sorting,a careful study has been made.Method Firstly,a magnetic camera was used to scan the 3D surface field of a magnet.Afterward,its field integral ismeasured by the stretched wire.In the measurement,the magnetwas placed at different statuses.The results were checked to seewhether they are consistent with expected features supposing a homogeneous magnetized block.Finally,the results measured by the Helmholtz coil and the stretched wire were compared.Results The surface field scan demonstrates that the field over a magnet block is inhomogeneous.Moreover,the field integral measurement by the stretched wire also shows big difference when the different magnet sides toward thewire.The comparison between the stretched wire and the Helmholtz coil measurement shows no correlation.Conclusion The study presented in this paper reveals that the homogeneity of the magnetization is imperfect.Therefore,the Helmholtz coil data are insufficient to the short-period undulators sorting.

Continuous purification and culture of rat type 1 and type 2 alveolar epithelial cells by magnetic cell sorting

Purpose:The incidence of acute lung injury(ALI)in severe trauma patients is 48%and the mortality rate following acute respiratory distress syndrome evolved from ALI is up to 68.5%.Alveolar epithelial type 1 cells(AEC1 s)and type 2 cells(AEC2s)are the key cells in the repair of injured lungs as well as fetal lung development.Therefore,the purification and culture of AECls and AEC2s play an important role in the research of repair and regeneration of lung tissue.Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats(3-4 weeks,120-150 g)were purchased for experiment.Dispase and DNase I were jointly used to digest lung tissue to obtain a single-cell suspension of whole lung cells,and then magnetic bead cell sorting was performed to isolate Tla positive cells as AECls from the single-cell suspension by using polyclonal rabbit anti-Tla(a specific AECls membrane protein)antibodies combined with anti-rabbit IgG microbeads.Afterwards,alveolar epithelial cell membrane marker protein EpCAM was designed as a key label to sort AEC2s from the remaining Tla-neg cells by another positive immunomagnetic selection using monoclonal mouse anti-EpCAM antibodies and anti-mouse IgG microbeads.Cell purity was identified by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry.Resii沾••The purity of AECls and AEC2s was 88.3%±3.8%and 92.6%±2.7%,respectively.The cell growth was observed as follows:AECls stretched within the 12-16 h,but the cells proliferated slowly;while AEC2s began to stretch after 24 h and proliferated rapidly from the 2nd day and began to differentiate after 3 days.Conclusion:AECls and AEC2s sorted by this method have high purity and good viability.Therefore,our method provides a new approach for the isolation and culture of AECls and AEC2s as well as a new strategy for the research of lung repair and regeneration.