Electronic Energy Band and Transport Properties in Monolayer Graphene with Periodically Modulated Magnetic Vector Potential and Electrostatic Potential

We investigated the electronic energy band and transport features of graphene superlattice with periodically modulated magnetic vector potential and electrostatic potential. It is found that both parallel magnetic vector potential and electrostatic potential can decisively shift Dirac point in a different way, which may be an efficient way to achieve electron or hole filter. We a/so find that applying modulated parallel and anti-parallel magnetic vector potential to the electrons can efficiently change electronic states between pass and stop states, which can be useful in designing electron or hole switches and lead to large magneto-resistance.

Pulsed Vector Magnetic Potential Field Existence

Experimental confirmation discussed the effect of the immediate surroundings of a pulse-powered toroidal coil on biological material which was placed in an environment without the influence of electromagnetic force.

Thermochemical Nonequilibrium 2D Modeling of Nitrogen Inductively Coupled Plasma Flow

Two-dimensional（2D） numerical simulations of thermochemical nonequilibrium inductively coupled plasma（ICP） flows inside a 10-kW inductively coupled plasma wind tunnel（ICPWT） were carried out with nitrogen as the working gas.Compressible axisymmetric NavierStokes（N-S） equations coupled with magnetic vector potential equations were solved.A fourtemperature model including an improved electron-vibration relaxation time was used to model the internal energy exchange between electron and heavy particles.The third-order accuracy electron transport properties（3rd AETP） were applied to the simulations.A hybrid chemical kinetic model was adopted to model the chemical nonequilibrium process.The flow characteristics such as thermal nonequilibrium,inductive discharge,effects of Lorentz force were made clear through the present study.It was clarified that the thermal nonequilibrium model played an important role in properly predicting the temperature field.The prediction accuracy can be improved by applying the 3rd AETP to the simulation for this ICPWT.

Numerical Implementation of Meshless Method for Electromagnetic Field Governing Equations

For electromagnetic governing equations formulated by magnetic vector potential and electric scalar potential,its detailed numerical implementation is achieved by using meshless method and Galerkin approach.And essential boundary and interface condition of electromagnetic field are imposed by means of Lagrange multiplier method.Furthermore,the influences of interpolation point number at essential boundary and interface on computational results are also discussed.Examples are given to validate the effects of meshless method and Lagrange multiplier approach for electromagnetic field.

Further Support of the Reliability of the Limit on Photon Mass Given by the Rotating Torsion Balance Experiment

We consider there is a vacancy in the plasma in the solar system,and calculate the vector potential produced by the magnetic field frozen in the plasma.The result shows that,in the vacancy,the vector potential produced by the magnetic field frozen in the plasma is much less than the large scale cosmic vector potential.This means if our earth is in such a vacancy,the total vector potential on the surface of the earth is dominated by the cosmic magnetic vector potential,which gives a further support of the reliability of the limit on photon mass given by rotating torsion balance experiment [Phys.Rev.Lett.90(2003) 081801].