本文描述了云南寒武纪早期澄江生物群中原始单轴针海绵化石一新属种——群体小卵海绵Ovulispongia multa gen. et sp. nov.。群体小卵海绵为小型薄壁海绵,整体呈卵形,骨骼双层,由四个方向的单轴骨针穿插成网状,左倾方向和右倾方向骨针...本文描述了云南寒武纪早期澄江生物群中原始单轴针海绵化石一新属种——群体小卵海绵Ovulispongia multa gen. et sp. nov.。群体小卵海绵为小型薄壁海绵,整体呈卵形,骨骼双层,由四个方向的单轴骨针穿插成网状,左倾方向和右倾方向骨针与水平骨针和纵向骨针斜交呈45度角;骨针之间无叠接;海绵体无口须和根须。群体小卵海绵在外部形态和骨架类型上与其他的原始单轴针海绵存在明显差异,其半紧密型骨架处于无规则排列的鬃毛海绵骨架和规则排列的细丝海绵骨架之间。另外新材料显示在海底固着取食的生态环境中,新属种用高密度的个体分布来获得竞争优势。群体小卵海绵独特的过渡形态的骨架结构和高密度生态分布为研究古生代原始单轴针海绵的骨架演化与生态空间扩张之间的关系提供了线索,也为研究寒武纪早期海绵动物的起源和多样化提供新的化石材料。展开更多
The Permian-Triassic transition saw extreme climatic changes that severely impacted the terrestrial ecosystem.Fossil plants,particularly fossil woods,are sensitive to climatic changes,and they,therefore,are unique mat...The Permian-Triassic transition saw extreme climatic changes that severely impacted the terrestrial ecosystem.Fossil plants,particularly fossil woods,are sensitive to climatic changes,and they,therefore,are unique materials revealing extreme environmental and climatic changes on land at that time.Abundant conifer woods were discovered in the Lopingian(Late Permian)strata of the Sunjiagou Formation in Shanxi Province,North China.The newly finding permineralized woods record the unique landscape of Lopingian North China.They represent a new conifer genus and species:Shanxiopitys zhangziensis gen.et sp.nov.Analyses of growth pattern and anatomical characteristics of the fossil woods indicate these trees grew under optimal growing conditions,and without seasonal growth cessation.However,climate signals from leaf fossils,vertebrate fossils and sedimentary evidences indicate a strongly seasonal climate in North China during the Lopingian.Thus,it is speculated that these trees likely lived in the gallery forests,which were distributed along the paleo-rivers within a seasonal landscape in the central North China block during the Lopingian.展开更多
A new dinosaur of Early Cretaceous age was recently discovered from the Mazongshan area of northwestern Gansu Province, China. The new dinosaur represents a new genus and species of Sauropoda, and is among the most ba...A new dinosaur of Early Cretaceous age was recently discovered from the Mazongshan area of northwestern Gansu Province, China. The new dinosaur represents a new genus and species of Sauropoda, and is among the most basal members of Titanosauria. Its finding also suggests that titanosaurs might have originated in Asia no later than the Early Cretaceous.展开更多
A new gigantic sauropod, Huabeisaurus allocotus gen. et sp. nov., about 20 m in length and 5 m in height, was discovered in the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation, Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province. It is notably dif...A new gigantic sauropod, Huabeisaurus allocotus gen. et sp. nov., about 20 m in length and 5 m in height, was discovered in the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation, Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province. It is notably different from Diplodocidae, Titanosauridae and Nemegtosauridae in the following aspects: the teeth are strong, peglike with a length ratio of the tooth crown to tooth root at about 3 to 1; the cervical vertebrae are long with forked spines; the spines in dorsal vertebrae are relatively high, unbifurcated; the caudal vertebrae are amphicoelous, with anterior neural spines and unbifurcated spines and chevrons; the femur is straight and long, narrow and flat and the tibia and fibula are long and flat. These characters show that the described genus should represent a new family, Huabeisauridae fam. nov. The discovery enriches the sauropod dinosaur record in China, and is quite significant to the study of the taxonomy, evolution, migration, extinction and palaeobiogeographic provincialism of the Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaurs.展开更多
A new basal hadrosauriform dinosaur, Xuwulongyueluni gen. et sp. nov., is reported based on an articulated specimen including a complete cranium, almost complete axial skeleton, and complete left pelvic girdle. The sp...A new basal hadrosauriform dinosaur, Xuwulongyueluni gen. et sp. nov., is reported based on an articulated specimen including a complete cranium, almost complete axial skeleton, and complete left pelvic girdle. The specimen is recovered from the Early Cretaceous Yujingzi Basin in the Jiuquan area, Gansu Province of northwestern China. Xuwulong is among the most basal members of hadrosauriform dinosaurs, and distinguished by its unique lower jaw in having a V-shaped rostral end of the dentary in lateral view and a mandibular articular surface which levels with mid-height of the dentary ramus, as well as an enlarged and downturned prepubic process. Including Xuwulong, three basal hadrosauriforms have been discovered from the Early Cretaceous Xinminpu Group in the Mazongshan area, making it an important area to study the origin and early evolution of duck-billed dinosaurs.展开更多
An almost complete juvenile dinosaur skull with lower jaw was discovered fromthe Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, China. Here, the specimen isdescribed and a cladistic analysis is perfo...An almost complete juvenile dinosaur skull with lower jaw was discovered fromthe Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, China. Here, the specimen isdescribed and a cladistic analysis is performed in order to find its phylogenetic relationships. Theresult shows that this specimen represents a new genus of Psittacosauridae, Hongshanosaurus houi,gen. et sp. nov., and confirms the monophyletic status for Ceratopsia and Marginocephalia. However,Heterodontosaurus is found to be the sister taxon to Marginocephalia, rather than a basalOrnithopoda.展开更多
Planktonic ostracods are small crustaceans abundant in marine ecosystem worldwide as appreciable part of marine zooplankton. Family Halocyprididae is a large group of halocyprid ostracods, and the tribe Conchoeciini h...Planktonic ostracods are small crustaceans abundant in marine ecosystem worldwide as appreciable part of marine zooplankton. Family Halocyprididae is a large group of halocyprid ostracods, and the tribe Conchoeciini has contained 21 genera previously. We described a further genus with a species Polyconchoecia commixtus gen. et sp. nov. from the middle of South China Sea in this study. The new species can be distinguished from related genera and species in having a unique combination of these characteristics： a lateral gland placed over right asymmetric gland and open near posterior margin; dense edge glands placed along ventral margin of carapace in line; shape of frontal organ; e-seta of first antenna is bare; endopod of second antenna has one small oval hump with central concave on mid-ventral margin, instead of processus mamillaris, exopod 1 has a small disto-dorsal spine, exopod 1 and 2 are fused, exopod 3 and 4 are bare; endopod 1 of mandible has one long ventral seta, endopod 2 has one ventral seta; maxillary endopod 1 has two basal setae; endopod 1 of fifth limb has only one ventral seta; endopod 1 of sixth limb and endopod 2 have no ventral seta. The definite distinctions in locations of major glands are the key characteristics of the new genus.展开更多
A new genus and species of Rhachiberothidae, Raptorapax terribilissima gen. et sp. nov. from the Cretaceous amber of Lebanon is described. The new genus is assigned to the subfamily Paraberothinae. The new material co...A new genus and species of Rhachiberothidae, Raptorapax terribilissima gen. et sp. nov. from the Cretaceous amber of Lebanon is described. The new genus is assigned to the subfamily Paraberothinae. The new material confirms the great diversity of the group in the Cretaceous age and its decrease in diversity in recent times.展开更多
文摘本文描述了云南寒武纪早期澄江生物群中原始单轴针海绵化石一新属种——群体小卵海绵Ovulispongia multa gen. et sp. nov.。群体小卵海绵为小型薄壁海绵,整体呈卵形,骨骼双层,由四个方向的单轴骨针穿插成网状,左倾方向和右倾方向骨针与水平骨针和纵向骨针斜交呈45度角;骨针之间无叠接;海绵体无口须和根须。群体小卵海绵在外部形态和骨架类型上与其他的原始单轴针海绵存在明显差异,其半紧密型骨架处于无规则排列的鬃毛海绵骨架和规则排列的细丝海绵骨架之间。另外新材料显示在海底固着取食的生态环境中,新属种用高密度的个体分布来获得竞争优势。群体小卵海绵独特的过渡形态的骨架结构和高密度生态分布为研究古生代原始单轴针海绵的骨架演化与生态空间扩张之间的关系提供了线索,也为研究寒武纪早期海绵动物的起源和多样化提供新的化石材料。
基金supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(Nos.92055201 and 31700183)。
文摘The Permian-Triassic transition saw extreme climatic changes that severely impacted the terrestrial ecosystem.Fossil plants,particularly fossil woods,are sensitive to climatic changes,and they,therefore,are unique materials revealing extreme environmental and climatic changes on land at that time.Abundant conifer woods were discovered in the Lopingian(Late Permian)strata of the Sunjiagou Formation in Shanxi Province,North China.The newly finding permineralized woods record the unique landscape of Lopingian North China.They represent a new conifer genus and species:Shanxiopitys zhangziensis gen.et sp.nov.Analyses of growth pattern and anatomical characteristics of the fossil woods indicate these trees grew under optimal growing conditions,and without seasonal growth cessation.However,climate signals from leaf fossils,vertebrate fossils and sedimentary evidences indicate a strongly seasonal climate in North China during the Lopingian.Thus,it is speculated that these trees likely lived in the gallery forests,which were distributed along the paleo-rivers within a seasonal landscape in the central North China block during the Lopingian.
文摘A new dinosaur of Early Cretaceous age was recently discovered from the Mazongshan area of northwestern Gansu Province, China. The new dinosaur represents a new genus and species of Sauropoda, and is among the most basal members of Titanosauria. Its finding also suggests that titanosaurs might have originated in Asia no later than the Early Cretaceous.
文摘A new gigantic sauropod, Huabeisaurus allocotus gen. et sp. nov., about 20 m in length and 5 m in height, was discovered in the Upper Cretaceous Huiquanpu Formation, Tianzhen County, Shanxi Province. It is notably different from Diplodocidae, Titanosauridae and Nemegtosauridae in the following aspects: the teeth are strong, peglike with a length ratio of the tooth crown to tooth root at about 3 to 1; the cervical vertebrae are long with forked spines; the spines in dorsal vertebrae are relatively high, unbifurcated; the caudal vertebrae are amphicoelous, with anterior neural spines and unbifurcated spines and chevrons; the femur is straight and long, narrow and flat and the tibia and fibula are long and flat. These characters show that the described genus should represent a new family, Huabeisauridae fam. nov. The discovery enriches the sauropod dinosaur record in China, and is quite significant to the study of the taxonomy, evolution, migration, extinction and palaeobiogeographic provincialism of the Late Cretaceous sauropod dinosaurs.
基金provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41072019 and 90914003)the basic outlay of scientific research work from Ministry of Science and Technology(J1003)+1 种基金National Science Foundation (1024671)Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geo-Exploration and Mineral Development,and Gansu Geological Museum
文摘A new basal hadrosauriform dinosaur, Xuwulongyueluni gen. et sp. nov., is reported based on an articulated specimen including a complete cranium, almost complete axial skeleton, and complete left pelvic girdle. The specimen is recovered from the Early Cretaceous Yujingzi Basin in the Jiuquan area, Gansu Province of northwestern China. Xuwulong is among the most basal members of hadrosauriform dinosaurs, and distinguished by its unique lower jaw in having a V-shaped rostral end of the dentary in lateral view and a mandibular articular surface which levels with mid-height of the dentary ramus, as well as an enlarged and downturned prepubic process. Including Xuwulong, three basal hadrosauriforms have been discovered from the Early Cretaceous Xinminpu Group in the Mazongshan area, making it an important area to study the origin and early evolution of duck-billed dinosaurs.
文摘An almost complete juvenile dinosaur skull with lower jaw was discovered fromthe Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation in Beipiao, Liaoning Province, China. Here, the specimen isdescribed and a cladistic analysis is performed in order to find its phylogenetic relationships. Theresult shows that this specimen represents a new genus of Psittacosauridae, Hongshanosaurus houi,gen. et sp. nov., and confirms the monophyletic status for Ceratopsia and Marginocephalia. However,Heterodontosaurus is found to be the sister taxon to Marginocephalia, rather than a basalOrnithopoda.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 41406188,41406216 and 41506217the Grant of China Ministry of Science and Technology under contract No.2013BAD13B06+3 种基金the Grant of Guangdong Province Ministry of Science and Technology under contract No.2014A020217011the Ministry of Agriculture Major Funding Projects under contract No.NFZX2013the Global Climate Change and Ocean Atmosphere Interaction Research under contract No.GASI-01-02-04the Project Sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation of Third Institute of Oceanography,SOA under contract No.2017009
文摘Planktonic ostracods are small crustaceans abundant in marine ecosystem worldwide as appreciable part of marine zooplankton. Family Halocyprididae is a large group of halocyprid ostracods, and the tribe Conchoeciini has contained 21 genera previously. We described a further genus with a species Polyconchoecia commixtus gen. et sp. nov. from the middle of South China Sea in this study. The new species can be distinguished from related genera and species in having a unique combination of these characteristics： a lateral gland placed over right asymmetric gland and open near posterior margin; dense edge glands placed along ventral margin of carapace in line; shape of frontal organ; e-seta of first antenna is bare; endopod of second antenna has one small oval hump with central concave on mid-ventral margin, instead of processus mamillaris, exopod 1 has a small disto-dorsal spine, exopod 1 and 2 are fused, exopod 3 and 4 are bare; endopod 1 of mandible has one long ventral seta, endopod 2 has one ventral seta; maxillary endopod 1 has two basal setae; endopod 1 of fifth limb has only one ventral seta; endopod 1 of sixth limb and endopod 2 have no ventral seta. The definite distinctions in locations of major glands are the key characteristics of the new genus.
基金a contribution to the ANR project: AMBRACE(BLAN 07-1-184190)the scientific project‘The Study of the Fossil Insects in Lebanon and their Outcrops: Geology of the Outcrops - Historical and Biodiversity Evolution' financed by the Lebanese University to DA.JFP thanks the National Research Council of Argentina(CONICET) for the funds provided for this research:grant PIP 6393,PIP 11420090100377 and BEJI
文摘A new genus and species of Rhachiberothidae, Raptorapax terribilissima gen. et sp. nov. from the Cretaceous amber of Lebanon is described. The new genus is assigned to the subfamily Paraberothinae. The new material confirms the great diversity of the group in the Cretaceous age and its decrease in diversity in recent times.
