利用对应分析方法从MAIS数据提取内蒙古哈达门沟含金矿化带

介绍了对应分析方法及其在成功提取哈达门沟金矿含金蚀变岩带信息的应用实例。该方法对变量和样品统一分析，将原始波段的大部分信息集中在几个互不相关的特征波段中，其中几类主要的地物在这些波段区别明显，从而可利用少数几个波段表征所要信息，有效地减少了数据的冗余，实现含金蚀变岩带信息的快速提取。

MAIS图像大气订正及其在岩矿制图中的应用

：针对１９９５年９月１３日在内蒙大青山地区的一次ＭＡＩＳ航空遥感飞行试验，给出了一种以地面大气同步测量为前提、基于计算机查找表的大气订正方法。该方法具有简单、实用等特点，特别适合于像航空成像光谱遥感这样大数据量的图像定量信息获取。在可见、近红外光谱区（０．４～１．２μｍ），该方法的订正精度约为８．５％（总误差），即反射率在３％～５０％范围内时，反射率获取精度约为０．００２～０．０５反射率单位。利用大气订正后的ＭＡＩＳ反射率图像，得到了中粒钾长花岗岩、绿泥化片麻岩和灰岩这三种岩矿在该试验区的空间分布。与地面勘查结果比较表明，大气订正后的高光谱分辨率航空成像遥感数据（如ＭＡＩＳ）可用于干旱、半干旱地区的岩矿分布研究与制图。

仪表自动检验系统MAIS

本文针对仪表检验,提出一种自适应二值化算法、启发式指针平滑算法及改进的Hough变换算法。在此基础上设计并实现了仪表自动检验系统MAIS。

互联网时代企业MAIS信息管理文献综述

在互联网技术的冲击下,管理会计信息系统(Management Accounting Information System,以下简称MAIS)的信息管理将成为企业管理的重要任务。回顾了国外专家学者对MAIS信息管理的研究,了解互联网技术的发展及其在企业MAIS信息管理中的应用,同时,企业MAIS信息管理将面对系统集成性、信息一致性、信息所有权等方面的严峻挑战,针对这些挑战,学者们预测了企业信息管理未来的发展趋势。

高产优质抗病玉米新品种达美5号的选育、特性分析及栽培技术

玉米(Zea mays L.)新品种达美5号是十堰市农业科学院和华中农业大学以HZ1711为母本、Q4-2为父本育成的杂交种,2020—2021年2年区域试验平均产量为9950.85 kg/hm^(2),比对照品种华玉11增产8.53%,具有突出的高产稳产、抗逆广适、品质优良、制种产量高的特性,于2022年8月通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。总结了达美5号的选育过程、特征特性、抗逆性、品质和产量表现,介绍了栽培和制种技术要点,为品种的应用推广提供参考。

子粒镉低积累型甜糯玉米材料的筛选

为筛选出在不同土壤镉(Cd)浓度胁迫下子粒Cd低积累型的甜糯玉米(Zea mays L.)材料,以45份甜糯玉米材料为对象,采用盆栽试验,设置2个土壤添加外源Cd处理,即C1(1.3 mg/kg)和C2(3.2 mg/kg),以不额外添加Cd为对照(CK),对甜糯玉米材料子粒Cd的积累差异进行研究。结果表明,甜糯玉米子粒Cd含量随土壤中Cd浓度的增加而增加,且在材料间存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。不同Cd浓度下,所有甜糯玉米材料子粒Cd的富集系数均小于1。聚类分析发现,有15份材料在不同Cd浓度下均表现出子粒低积累特性,其中S18、S29、S30、S36和S44这5份材料子粒的Cd含量在不同处理下均小于食品安全国家标准的0.1 mg/kg,说明这5份材料可作为子粒Cd低积累型亲本材料,为甜糯玉米Cd安全品种的培育提供种质资源。

干旱条件下玉米转座子插入关联的表观调控分析

【目的】干旱是全球范围影响玉米生产的最主要胁迫因素之一。解析抗旱性的遗传基础与分子机制为玉米的抗旱改良提供依据。【方法】利用代表性玉米自交系,以叶片相对含水量和散粉-吐丝间隔为指标开展田间抗旱性精准鉴定。筛选2个抗旱性极端差异的自交系,开展基因组重测序分析和转座子插入鉴定;利用全基因组重亚硫酸盐测序(WGBS)方法分析不同水分处理下叶片和根系组织的DNA甲基化水平;同时利用转录组测序方法对相同样品的基因表达进行分析;通过比较分析获得2个材料间的转座子插入缺失变异、差异甲基化区域和差异表达基因,并综合分析这三者间的相关关系。针对前期克隆的玉米抗旱基因ZCN7,分析该基因区域转座子插入缺失变异介导的DNA甲基化和基因表达变化情况。【结果】在田间干旱处理下,自交系H082183的叶片相对含水量和散粉-吐丝间隔均与正常处理没有显著差异,而旅28在所有试验材料中表现最低的叶片相对含水量和最大的散粉-吐丝间隔。利用H082183和旅28这两个抗旱性极端差异的玉米自交系开展基因组重测序和转座子插入分析,分别检测到333754和333296个转座子插入,其中,有89954个转座子插入在2个自交系间具有多态性。基因组DNA甲基化分析表明,转座子、内含子和启动子区域较外显子和非编码区呈现较高的CG和CHG甲基化水平,经差异甲基化分析,在2个自交系间共检测到41352个差异甲基化区域,其中60%的差异甲基化区域位于转座子插入缺失变异的上下游5 kb范围内。基因表达水平与基因的CG和CHG甲基化水平负相关,在2个自交系干旱下的叶片和根系中分别鉴定到4196和3500个差异表达基因,其中19.5%和19.7%与差异甲基化区域关联。通过对抗旱相关基因ZCN7的研究,发现该基因34 kb区间内的3个LTR类转座子插入,造成自交系旅28在干旱和正常处理下的CG和CHG甲基化显著高于抗旱自交系H082183,并且H082183中ZCN7表达量也显著高于旅28。【结论】揭示了转座子介导的表观遗传调控在玉米响应干旱胁迫中的重要作用,进一步扩展了转座子变异和DNA甲基化调控抗旱基因ZCN7表达的分子机制。

玉米籽粒发育突变体emp35的表型分析与基因定位

为解析玉米籽粒形成的遗传基础,探究Emp35基因在玉米籽粒发育中的作用,对籽粒缺陷突变体empty pericarp35(emp35)进行表型鉴定、胚乳细胞显微观察、胚乳贮藏物质含量测定及图位克隆。结果显示:突变体籽粒发育缓慢,明显小于同期发育的正常籽粒,成熟籽粒干瘪呈空皮状;胚乳细胞显微观察发现emp35的胚和胚乳发育严重滞后,胚乳细胞中线粒体结构异常;淀粉和蛋白质积累减少;F_(2)代分离果穗上正常籽粒与发育缺陷籽粒呈3∶1分离,表明籽粒缺陷表型由单个隐性核基因突变所致。采用集团分离分析法(bulked segregant analysis,BSA)将Emp35定位于第8染色体127.90~163.36 Mb区间,在该区间内开发了4个InDel标记,连锁作图将Emp35精细定位于139571117~146176858区间。

Mais Fitness健身俱乐部

MAIS健身俱乐部位于葡萄牙西部的一个中型城市Torres Vedras,设计的主要任务是为该品牌设计一个空间形象。一个部落通过符号和颜色进行交流,因此设计师提出用同样的方式来确定MAIS健身品牌的身份。在考虑功能设置方面,任务很简单。MAIS健身的魅力就是人们的正能量,以及与最多的运动爱好者在课堂上分享这种正能量。因此,一个超大尺寸的工作室就成为了必需。

玉米ECT家族成员的全基因组分析及非生物胁迫下的响应表达

ECT结构域蛋白家族作为一种重要的转录后调控因子,在调控m6A修饰中发挥重要功能,在植物正常生长发育和响应逆境胁迫时的基因表达调控中具有重要作用。为了研究ECT结构域蛋白家族在玉米(Zea mays L.)非生物胁迫下的生长发育与胁迫响应中的功能,本研究采用生物信息学方法鉴定到玉米ECT家族成员22个,并分析其序列和结构特征、染色体分布、启动子顺式作用元件、GO富集、蛋白质互作网络和系统发育进化关系,通过实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)分析了玉米ZmECTs在冷胁迫以及不同激素处理下的表达模式。结果表明,玉米ECT家族成员分布在10条染色体上,编码的蛋白质所含氨基酸残基数目为119~748 aa,相对分子量(MW)范围为13412.17~81823.70 Da,等电点(pI)范围为5.43~8.82,大部分蛋白定位在细胞核。在ZmECT家族中共鉴定到10个motif。顺式作用元件分析结果表明,ZmECT家族成员启动子包含多个与胁迫、激素和生长发育相关的响应元件。GO富集分析结果显示,ZmECT家族成员可能参与mRNA的剪接和维持RNA稳定性。蛋白质互作网络预测,ZmECT6是该家族蛋白的核心成员。系统进化树显示,ZmECT家族成员分为4组。qRT-PCR结果显示,经不同激素处理后,ZmECT家族成员表现出复杂的响应模式,部分ZmECT家族成员响应冷胁迫。本研究结果为玉米ECT基因后续的生物学功能解析及分子机制研究提供了参考。

Elite,transformable haploid inducers in maize

The introduction of alleles into commercial crop breeding pipelines is both time consuming and costly.Two technologies that are disrupting traditional breeding processes are doubled haploid(DH)breeding and genome editing(GE).Recently,these techniques were combined into a GE trait delivery system called HI-Edit(Haploid Inducer-Edit).In HI-Edit,the pollen of a haploid inducer line is reprogrammed to deliver GE traits to any variety,obviating recurrent selection.For HI-Edit to operate at scale,an efficient transformable HI line is needed,but most maize varieties are recalcitrant to transformation,and haploid inducers are especially difficult to transform given their aberrant reproductive behaviors.Leveraging marker assisted selection and a three-tiered testing scheme,we report the development of new Iodent and Stiff Stalk maize germplasm that are transformable,have high haploid induction rates,and exhibit a robust,genetically-dominant anthocyanin native trait that may be used for rapid haploid identification.We show that transformation of these elite‘‘HI-Edit”lines is enhanced using the BABYBOOM and WUSCHEL morphogenetic factors.Finally,we evaluate the HI-Edit performance of one of the lines against both Stiff Stalk and non-Stiff Stalk testers.The strategy and results of this study should facilitate the development of commercially scalable HI-Edit systems in diverse crops.

Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate Can Enhance Salt Stress Tolerance in Maize

Salinity is a major abiotic stress that hinders plant development and productivity and influences agricultural yield.Seed priming is a technique used to boost germination and seedling growth under abiotic stress.A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of seed priming with potassium nitrate(KNO_(3))at various levels(0%,0.50%,1.00%and 1.50%)under salt stress(0,75,100 mM NaCl)on two maize verities(MNH360 and 30T60)for the growth,development and metabolic attributes results revealed that in maize variety MNH360,KNO_(3)priming’s significantly enhanced growth parameters than in maize variety 30T60 under control and salt-stressed conditions.Priming with KNO_(3)enhanced carotenoids and total chlorophyll in the 30T60 variety that protected the maize plants from salt stress.Nevertheless,it was shown that priming with 1.00%KNO_(3)acts as safeguarded to protect them from oxidative damage by salt stress minimizing reactive oxygen species(ROS)formation through increased levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),ascorbate peroxidase(APX),and total soluble protein.The findings of the present study confirm that the use of the KNO_(3)seed priming technique is a lowcost,environmentally friendly technique for mitigating adverse impacts of salt stress in maize crops by activating the antioxidant defense system and improving chlorophyll and osmolyte contents.

Cloning, Characterization and Transformation of Methyltransferase 2a Gene (Zmet2a) in Maize (Zea mays L.)

DNA methylation is an important epigenetic regulatory mechanism,it regulates gene expression by recruiting proteins involved in gene repression or by inhibiting the binding of transcription factor(s)to DNA.In this study,a novel methyltransferase 2a gene(Zmet2a)was cloned in maize and identified by polymerase chain reaction-base(PCR-base)using a bioinformatics strategy.The Zmet2a cDNA sequence is 2739 bp long and translates to 912 amino acid peptides.The Zmet2a protein revealed that it contains BAH and CHROMO structural domains,is a non-transmembrane protein that is hydrophilically unstable,and has no signal peptide structure.Meanwhile,we verified the biological roles of Zmet2a using transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing Zmet2a and Zmet2a-knockout maize.Transgenic Zmet2a Arabidopsis thaliana showed highly significant advancement inflowering time,and Zmet2a-knockout maize showed advancement inflowering time,with significant changes in several traits.Altogether,these report the role of Zmet2a in the regulation offlowering time,which will lay a foundation for revealing the biological function and epigenetic regulation mechanism of Zmet2a in the growth,development andflowering of maize.

Exploring the therapeutic potential of Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe in ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment

Background:This study aims to explore the therapeutic effects of the Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe on ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment through its potential to modulate cellular autophagy,with a focus on identifying its active ingredients and their target proteins.Methods:The study began with the identification of active ingredients in the Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe.It proceeded to screen the gene expression omnibus database for ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment-associated differentially expressed mRNAs and to identify cellular autophagy-related proteins via the Human Autophagy Database.These proteins were annotated with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes functions and subjected to molecular docking with the recipe’s core active ingredients.In vitro cell experiments were conducted on hypoxic HT22 cells,involving CCK8 assay,lentiviral transfection to silence autophagy related 9B(ATG9B),immunofluorescence staining,and qPCR validation to investigate the effects of the recipe on autophagy.Results:The analysis identified 104 active ingredients targeting 408 proteins and forming a complex ingredient-target network.Intersecting 55 ischemic stroke-related and 909 vascular cognitive impairment-related differentially expressed mRNAs revealed 14 co-expressed mRNAs.Molecular docking showed quercetin,kaempferol,myrcene,and conferone as key ingredients targeting autophagy-related proteins.Cellular experiments indicated that the recipe significantly enhanced cell viability under hypoxic conditions,reduced apoptosis,and modulated the expression of autophagy-related factors,thereby decreasing apoptosis rates in HT22 cells.Conclusion:The Qi Teng Mai Ning recipe offers protective effects against ischemic stroke and vascular cognitive impairment by modulating autophagy-related proteins.Its efficacy highlights the potential of traditional Chinese medicine in treating these conditions,though further research is needed to fully understand its mechanisms and clinical applications.

Genetic and Agronomic Parameter Estimates of Growth, Yield and Related Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Different Rates of Nitrogen Fertilization

This study evaluated the genetic and agronomic parameter estimates of maize under different nitrogen rates. The trial was established at the Njala Agricultural Research Centre experimental site during 2021 and 2022 in a split block design with three maize varieties (IWCD2, 2009EVDT, and DMR-ESR-Yellow) and seven nitrogen (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 kg∙N∙ha−1) rates. Findings showed that cob diameter and anthesis silking time (ASI) had intermediate heritability, ASI had high genetic advance, ASI and grain yield had high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), while traits with high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were plant height, ASI, grain yield, number of kernel per cob, number of kernel rows, ear length, and ear height. The PCV values were higher than GCV, indicating the influence of the environment in the studied traits. Nitrogen rates and variety significantly (p < 0.05) influenced grain yield production. Mean grain yields and economic parameter estimates increased with increasing nitrogen rates, with the 30 and 180 kg∙N∙ha−1 plots exhibiting the lowest and highest grain yields of 1238 kg∙ha−1 and 2098 kg∙ha−1, respectively. Variety and nitrogen effects on partial factor productivity (PFPN), agronomic efficiency (AEN), net returns (NR), value cost ratio (VCR) and marginal return (MR) indicated that these parameters were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by these factors. The highest PFPN (41.3 kg grain kg−1∙N) and AEN (29.4 kg grain kg−1∙N) were obtained in the 30 kg∙N∙ha−1 plots, while the highest VCR (2.8) and MR (SLL 1.8 SLL−1 spent on N) were obtained in the 180 kg∙N∙ha−1. The significant influence of variety and nitrogen on traits suggests that increasing yields and maximizing profits require use of appropriate nitrogen fertilization and improved farming practices that could be exploited for increased productivity of maize.

Phenotypic Characterization and QTL/Gene Identification for Internode Number and Length Related Traits in Maize

Internode number and length are the foundation to constitute plant height, ear height and the above-ground spatial structure of maize plant. In this study, segregating populations were constructed between EHel with extremely low ear height and B73. Through the SNP-based genotyping and phenotypic characterization, 13 QTL distributed on the chromosomes (Chrs) of Chr1, Chr2, Chr5-Chr8 were detected for four traits of internode no. above ear (INa), average internode length above ear (ILaa), internode no. below ear (INb), and average internode length below ear (ILab). Phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by a single QTL ranged from 6.82% (qILab2-2) to 12.99% (qILaa5). Zm00001d016823 within the physical region of qILaa5, the major QTL for ILaa with the largest PVE was determined as the candidate through the genomic annotation and sequence alignment between EHel and B73. Product of Zm00001d016823 was annotated as a WEB family protein homogenous to At1g75720. qRT-PCR assay showed that Zm00001d016823 highly expressed within the tissue of internode, exhibiting statistically higher expression levels among internodes of IN4 to IN7 in EHel than those in B73 (P Zm00001d016823 might provide novel insight into molecular mechanism beyond phytohormones controlling internode development in maize.

Seasonal Dynamic of the Fall Armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Maize Crop in the Sub-Sudanese Zone of Côte d’Ivoire

In Côte d’Ivoire, maize (Zea mays L) is the second most cultivated cereal after rice. Since the first report of Spodoptera frugiperda in Côte d’Ivoire, maize production in the northern regions has been affected resulting in maize production losses. This study aims to study the seasonal dynamic of Spodoptera frugiperda in maize fields in the sub-Sudanese zone, main zone of maize cultivation in Côte d’Ivoire. The study was done using pheromone trap lures. The results revealed a variation in the moth population at various growth stages during rainy and dry seasons. Notably, the highest numbers of moths were consistently trapped during the whorl stage with counts ranging from 131 ± 35.7 during the rainy season to 70.6 ± 15.01 in the dry season. The lowest numbers of moths were observed during pod maturation, with counts ranging from 30.3 ± 13.05 during the rainy season to 11.7 ± 3.05 in the dry season. Between the 7th and 21st days after sowing, the count of moths displayed a consistent upward trajectory, reaching 188 moths during the rainy season. The damages were particularly observed at whorl stage. The relationship between the numbers of moths and some climatic variables revealed a negative correlation between moths numbers and rainfall (r= −0.44) and relative humidity (r= −0.684). In contrast, there were positive relationships with temperature (r = 0.16), highlighting the significant impact of temperature changes on moth population dynamics. The research highlights the need for integrated pest management strategies that consider climatic factors and growth stages of maize to mitigate the impact of this insect pest on maize.

汉川市带状复合种植模式下不同品种大豆玉米产量及效益分析

为了探索汉川市带状复合种植模式下不同品种大豆[Glycine max(L.)Merr.]、玉米(Zea mays L.)的产量及效益表现,分析了多个品种大豆、玉米在该模式下的产量、经济效益、社会效益。结果表明,大豆品种中豆63和玉米品种汉玉919在经济效益上表现优异。

玉米新品种靖玉2号的选育

玉米(Zea mays L.)新品种靖玉2号是曲靖市农业科学院以RP128为母本,J40602为父本杂交组配选育而成的优质玉米单交种。2018—2019年参加热带亚热带玉米组联合体品种区域试验,2019年参加热带亚热带玉米组品种生产试验。2020年11月通过国家主要农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号为国审玉20200469。对靖玉2号的亲本来源、选育过程、产量表现、特征特性、栽培技术与制种要点进行了介绍,以期为品种推广提供参考。

玉米新品种桂单0838的选育及栽培技术

桂单0838是广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所选育而成的玉米新品种,母本为自交系桂39711,父本为桂42132,2022年通过广西壮族自治区农作物品种审定委员会审定(审定编号:桂审玉2022071号)。桂单0838生育期适宜;出苗整齐,苗势好;植株整齐,穗位一致;果穗长、均匀,结实性好;籽粒黄色硬粒型,外观品质好。2020参加广西科研联合体品种区域试验,春秋两季平均产量达7575.8 kg/hm^(2),比对照桂单162增产8.3%,2021年入选广西科研联合体品种生产试验,春秋两季平均产量为7088.3 kg/hm^(2),比对照桂单162增产1.2%,桂单0838抗病性强、适应性广、商品性好,适宜广西全区春季、秋季种植。对桂单0838的选育过程、综合性状、产量表现以及栽培技术要点进行介绍,为新品种的推广应用提供科学依据和技术支撑。