[Objective] This study aimed to meet the demand of farmers for highyielding, high-quality, wide-adaptability and multi-resistant new maize cultivars, and to make food production grow continuously. [Method] Comparative...[Objective] This study aimed to meet the demand of farmers for highyielding, high-quality, wide-adaptability and multi-resistant new maize cultivars, and to make food production grow continuously. [Method] Comparative test of new maize cultivars was conducted at different altitudes in 2015, and the yield, main economic characters, agronomic traits, growth period and resistance of maize cultivars were analyzed. [Result] Ruidan 26 and Yongrui 16 can be cultivated in the areas below the altitude of 2 200 m; Huaxingdan 88 can be cultivated in the areas below the altitude of 1 750 m; the other new maize cultivars still need to be tested further. [Cenclusion] The research results can be applied in this area and other similar areas, which will effectively promote the upgrading of maize cultivars and improve the yield per unit area.展开更多
The morphology of the plant and ear is a preliminary selection characteristic in breeding new varieties of maize.As new maize cultivars were developed from the 1950s through the 2010s in China,most had changes in both...The morphology of the plant and ear is a preliminary selection characteristic in breeding new varieties of maize.As new maize cultivars were developed from the 1950s through the 2010s in China,most had changes in both plant and ear morphological characteristics that contributed substantially to maize yield gains.Over the seven decades,plant and ear height fluctuated with a small increase from the 1950s to 2000s,and then a decrease in the 2010s,while the ear ratio and internodes length below the ear decreased significantly.Leaf angles became significantly more upright,especially for the leaves above the ear,and the leaf area per plant improved markedly.Leaf orientation increased from the 1950s to the 2000s then decreased in the 2010s.Tassel size and the anthesis-silking interval were both reduced substantially.Ear diameter,kernel number,and kernel weight increased from the 1950 to the 2000s,then decreased in the 2010s under the same cultivation conditions.We found that modern maize hybrids have a lower plant height,ear height and ear ratio which increased lodging resistance,a more erect leaf which increased high-density planting tolerance,and smaller ears and kernels which facilitated rapid dehydration during late grain filling.These morphological selection criteria,which are suitable for mechanized operations,are proposed as the focus for future maize breeding.展开更多
基金Supported by Modern Agriculture(Maize)Industrial Technology System of Yunnan Province[YNKZ(2009)53,YCN(2009)171]~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to meet the demand of farmers for highyielding, high-quality, wide-adaptability and multi-resistant new maize cultivars, and to make food production grow continuously. [Method] Comparative test of new maize cultivars was conducted at different altitudes in 2015, and the yield, main economic characters, agronomic traits, growth period and resistance of maize cultivars were analyzed. [Result] Ruidan 26 and Yongrui 16 can be cultivated in the areas below the altitude of 2 200 m; Huaxingdan 88 can be cultivated in the areas below the altitude of 1 750 m; the other new maize cultivars still need to be tested further. [Cenclusion] The research results can be applied in this area and other similar areas, which will effectively promote the upgrading of maize cultivars and improve the yield per unit area.
基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFD0300302 and 2017YFD0300804)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-02-63)the Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia,China(2020MS03053)。
文摘The morphology of the plant and ear is a preliminary selection characteristic in breeding new varieties of maize.As new maize cultivars were developed from the 1950s through the 2010s in China,most had changes in both plant and ear morphological characteristics that contributed substantially to maize yield gains.Over the seven decades,plant and ear height fluctuated with a small increase from the 1950s to 2000s,and then a decrease in the 2010s,while the ear ratio and internodes length below the ear decreased significantly.Leaf angles became significantly more upright,especially for the leaves above the ear,and the leaf area per plant improved markedly.Leaf orientation increased from the 1950s to the 2000s then decreased in the 2010s.Tassel size and the anthesis-silking interval were both reduced substantially.Ear diameter,kernel number,and kernel weight increased from the 1950 to the 2000s,then decreased in the 2010s under the same cultivation conditions.We found that modern maize hybrids have a lower plant height,ear height and ear ratio which increased lodging resistance,a more erect leaf which increased high-density planting tolerance,and smaller ears and kernels which facilitated rapid dehydration during late grain filling.These morphological selection criteria,which are suitable for mechanized operations,are proposed as the focus for future maize breeding.
