From Tetrahymena thermophila （strain BF5）, the coding region of Cd-MT gene was cloned and sequenced. and identified as MTT1 isoform. A serial duplicate structure is discovered in its amino acid sequence, which separ...From Tetrahymena thermophila （strain BF5）, the coding region of Cd-MT gene was cloned and sequenced. and identified as MTT1 isoform. A serial duplicate structure is discovered in its amino acid sequence, which separates the coding region into three parts （Part 1：7-61; Part 2：64-118; Part 3：122-162）. The alignments among them and comparison with the corresponding parts of MT1 isoform suggest that MT1 and MTT1 isoforms both come from the same ancient gene that is homologous to Part 1, and Cd-MTs of Tetrahymena are aroused by such ancient gene duplication. The prediction of secondary structures and the analysis of the disulfide-bonding state of cysteine show that there are a lot of differences between MT1 and MTT1 isoforms, which maybe relate to their function mechanism.展开更多
Prediction of mode I fracture toughness(KIC) of rock is of significant importance in rock engineering analyses. In this study, linear multiple regression(LMR) and gene expression programming(GEP)methods were used to p...Prediction of mode I fracture toughness(KIC) of rock is of significant importance in rock engineering analyses. In this study, linear multiple regression(LMR) and gene expression programming(GEP)methods were used to provide a reliable relationship to determine mode I fracture toughness of rock. The presented model was developed based on 60 datasets taken from the previous literature. To predict fracture parameters, three mechanical parameters of rock mass including uniaxial compressive strength(UCS), Brazilian tensile strength(BTS), and elastic modulus(E) have been selected as the input parameters. A cluster of data was collected and divided into two random groups of training and testing datasets.Then, different statistical linear and artificial intelligence based nonlinear analyses were conducted on the training data to provide a reliable prediction model of KIC. These two predictive methods were then evaluated based on the testing data. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed models for predicting the mode I fracture toughness of rock, various statistical indices including coefficient of determination(R2),root mean square error(RMSE), and mean absolute error(MAE) were utilized herein. In the case of testing datasets, the values of R2, RMSE, and MAE for the GEP model were 0.87, 0.188, and 0.156,respectively, while they were 0.74, 0.473, and 0.223, respectively, for the LMR model. The results indicated that the selected GEP model delivered superior performance with a higher R2value and lower errors.展开更多
In order to explore the heredity of leaf veins of Cyclamen Hederifolium and to breed excellent varieties, selling measurement for six types of different leaf veins were carried out and the genetie constitutions of lea...In order to explore the heredity of leaf veins of Cyclamen Hederifolium and to breed excellent varieties, selling measurement for six types of different leaf veins were carried out and the genetie constitutions of leaf veins were studied according to the separation conditions of their progenies. The results showed that the inbred progenies of B or M types were B or M types with a percentage of 100% while the progenies of F, H, X and L types had character segregations. The separa- tion law illustrated that leaf veins of Cyclamen Hederifolium were eontrolled by minor multiple genes and each locus was consisted of a pair of alleles, RL of Rn. RL was responsible for the green phenotype of leaves and RB was responsible for the silvery white phenotype of leaves, leaves were deep green when the genotype of the locus was RLRL ; leaves were green when the genotype was RLRB ; leaves were silvery white when the genotype was RBRB. The aggregafive pattern of each locus formed different leaf vein types. The gene control modes of leaf vein variations were the basis for the breeding of excellent varieties of Cyclamen Hederifolium.展开更多
Different genes are expressed in different tissues, depending on functional objectives and selection pressures. Based on complete knowledge of the structure of the metabolic network and all the reactions taking place ...Different genes are expressed in different tissues, depending on functional objectives and selection pressures. Based on complete knowledge of the structure of the metabolic network and all the reactions taking place in the cell, elementary modes (EMs) and minimal cut sets (MCSs) can relate compounds observed in a tissue, to the genes being expressed by respectively providing the full set of non-decomposable routes of reactions and compounds that lead to the synthesis of external products, and the full set of possible target genes for blocking the synthesis of external products. So, for a particular tissue, only the EMs containing the reactions that are related to the genes being expressed in those tissues, are active for the production of the corresponding compounds. This concept is used to develop an algorithm for determining a matrix of reactions (which can be related to corresponding genes) taking place in a tissue, using experimental observations of compounds in a tissue. The program is applied to the Arabidopsis flower and identified 20 core reactions occurring in all the viable EMs. They originate from the trans-cinnamate compound and lead to the formation of kaempferol and quercetin compounds and their derivatives, as well as anthocyanin compounds. Analyses of the patterns in the matrix identify reaction sets related to certain functions such as the formation of derivatives of the two anthocyanin compounds present, as well as the reactions leading from the network’s external substrate erythrose-4P to L-Phenylalanine, cinnamyl-alc to trans-cinnamate and so on. The program can be used to successfully determine genes taking place in a tissue, and the patterns in the resulting matrix can be analysed to determine gene sets and the state of the tissue.展开更多
文摘From Tetrahymena thermophila （strain BF5）, the coding region of Cd-MT gene was cloned and sequenced. and identified as MTT1 isoform. A serial duplicate structure is discovered in its amino acid sequence, which separates the coding region into three parts （Part 1：7-61; Part 2：64-118; Part 3：122-162）. The alignments among them and comparison with the corresponding parts of MT1 isoform suggest that MT1 and MTT1 isoforms both come from the same ancient gene that is homologous to Part 1, and Cd-MTs of Tetrahymena are aroused by such ancient gene duplication. The prediction of secondary structures and the analysis of the disulfide-bonding state of cysteine show that there are a lot of differences between MT1 and MTT1 isoforms, which maybe relate to their function mechanism.
文摘Prediction of mode I fracture toughness(KIC) of rock is of significant importance in rock engineering analyses. In this study, linear multiple regression(LMR) and gene expression programming(GEP)methods were used to provide a reliable relationship to determine mode I fracture toughness of rock. The presented model was developed based on 60 datasets taken from the previous literature. To predict fracture parameters, three mechanical parameters of rock mass including uniaxial compressive strength(UCS), Brazilian tensile strength(BTS), and elastic modulus(E) have been selected as the input parameters. A cluster of data was collected and divided into two random groups of training and testing datasets.Then, different statistical linear and artificial intelligence based nonlinear analyses were conducted on the training data to provide a reliable prediction model of KIC. These two predictive methods were then evaluated based on the testing data. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed models for predicting the mode I fracture toughness of rock, various statistical indices including coefficient of determination(R2),root mean square error(RMSE), and mean absolute error(MAE) were utilized herein. In the case of testing datasets, the values of R2, RMSE, and MAE for the GEP model were 0.87, 0.188, and 0.156,respectively, while they were 0.74, 0.473, and 0.223, respectively, for the LMR model. The results indicated that the selected GEP model delivered superior performance with a higher R2value and lower errors.
基金Supported by"Introduction of Germplasm Resources and the Distant Hybridization Techniques of Cyclamen Hederifolium"of"948"Introduced Project of State Forestry Bureau(2013-4-42)
文摘In order to explore the heredity of leaf veins of Cyclamen Hederifolium and to breed excellent varieties, selling measurement for six types of different leaf veins were carried out and the genetie constitutions of leaf veins were studied according to the separation conditions of their progenies. The results showed that the inbred progenies of B or M types were B or M types with a percentage of 100% while the progenies of F, H, X and L types had character segregations. The separa- tion law illustrated that leaf veins of Cyclamen Hederifolium were eontrolled by minor multiple genes and each locus was consisted of a pair of alleles, RL of Rn. RL was responsible for the green phenotype of leaves and RB was responsible for the silvery white phenotype of leaves, leaves were deep green when the genotype of the locus was RLRL ; leaves were green when the genotype was RLRB ; leaves were silvery white when the genotype was RBRB. The aggregafive pattern of each locus formed different leaf vein types. The gene control modes of leaf vein variations were the basis for the breeding of excellent varieties of Cyclamen Hederifolium.
文摘Different genes are expressed in different tissues, depending on functional objectives and selection pressures. Based on complete knowledge of the structure of the metabolic network and all the reactions taking place in the cell, elementary modes (EMs) and minimal cut sets (MCSs) can relate compounds observed in a tissue, to the genes being expressed by respectively providing the full set of non-decomposable routes of reactions and compounds that lead to the synthesis of external products, and the full set of possible target genes for blocking the synthesis of external products. So, for a particular tissue, only the EMs containing the reactions that are related to the genes being expressed in those tissues, are active for the production of the corresponding compounds. This concept is used to develop an algorithm for determining a matrix of reactions (which can be related to corresponding genes) taking place in a tissue, using experimental observations of compounds in a tissue. The program is applied to the Arabidopsis flower and identified 20 core reactions occurring in all the viable EMs. They originate from the trans-cinnamate compound and lead to the formation of kaempferol and quercetin compounds and their derivatives, as well as anthocyanin compounds. Analyses of the patterns in the matrix identify reaction sets related to certain functions such as the formation of derivatives of the two anthocyanin compounds present, as well as the reactions leading from the network’s external substrate erythrose-4P to L-Phenylalanine, cinnamyl-alc to trans-cinnamate and so on. The program can be used to successfully determine genes taking place in a tissue, and the patterns in the resulting matrix can be analysed to determine gene sets and the state of the tissue.
