An integrated spatial planning of the mountainous landscapes for ski sports in a case area at the eastern Türkiye

Mountainous regions have disadvantages in economic development because of harsh physical and climatic conditions.However,winter tourism activities are one of the key components for supporting economic development in the highlands.Establishing a ski resort area supports direct and indirect employment in a region,and it stops immigration from mountainous regions to other places.This research aimed to assess the potential ski areas using a multi criteria evaluation technique in the Van region which is located in the eastern part of Türkiye.In this context,snow cover duration,sun effect,slope,slope length,elevation,population density,distance from main roads and lake visibility were used as input factors in the decision making process.Each factor was standardized using a fuzzy technique based on existing well-known ski centers in Türkiye.The weight of inputs was defined by applying a survey to the professional skiers.The most important factors were detected as transportation opportunities and snow covers whereas,the least important factors were elevation and population density.Additionally,lake visibility was very important to make a difference from other existing facilities in the region.Therefore,it was included as constraints and lake visible areas were extracted at the final stage of the research.Potential ski areas were mapped in three levels as professional,intermediate and beginner skiers.One of the suitable areas was selected as a sample projection and for the 3D simulation of the ski investment area.Potential costs and benefits were discussed.It was found that a ski tourism area investment can be amortized in 3 years in the region.

Design of Aided Decision-Making Program for Prioritizing Construction Projects in Urban Road Network Planning

The importance and complexity of prioritizing construction projects (PCP) in urban road network planning lead to the necessity to develop an aided decision making program (ADMP). Cost benefit ratio model and stage rolled method are chosen as the theoretical foundations of the program, and then benefit model is improved to accord with the actuality of urban traffic in China. Consequently, program flows, module functions and data structures are designed, and particularly an original data structure of road ...

Testing of Decision Making Tools for Village Land Use Planning and Natural Resources Management in Kilimanjaro Region

This paper focuses on participatory testing of decision making tools (DMTs) at village level to assist in development of land use plans (LUPs) for sustainable land management (SLM) in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania. Data were collected using conditional surveys through key informant interviews with the project’s district stakeholders in each district, focused group discussions with selected villagers and participatory mapping of natural resources. Soil health, land degradation, carbon stock, and hydrological conditions were assessed in the seven pilot villages in all seven districts using DMTs as part of testing and validation. Results indicated soils of poor to medium health, and land degradation as portrayed by gullies and wind erosion in lowlands and better in uplands. Carbon and forest disturbance status could not be assessed using one-year data but hydrological analysis revealed that water resources were relatively good in uplands and poor in the lowlands. Challenges with regard to land use include increased gully erosion, decreased stream flow, reduced vegetation cover due to shifting from coffee with tree sheds to annual crops farming, cultivation near water sources, and overgrazing. Empowering the community with decision making tools at village level is essential to ensure that village land uses are planned in a participatory manner for sustainable land and natural resources management in Kilimanjaro and other regions in Tanzania.

Power generation expansion planning approach considering carbon emission constraints

Decarbonization of the power sector in China is an essential aspect of the energy transition process to achieve carbon neutrality.The power sector accounts for approximately 40%of China’s total CO_(2) emissions.Accordingly,collaborative optimization in power generation expansion planning(GEP)simultaneously considering economic,environmental,and technological concerns as carbon emissions is necessary.This paper proposes a collaborative mixedinteger linear programming optimization approach for GEP.This minimizes the power system’s operating cost to resolve emission concerns considering energy development strategies,flexible generation,and resource limitations constraints.This research further analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of current GEP techniques.Results show that the main determinants of new investment decisions are carbon emissions,reserve margins,resource availability,fuel consumption,and fuel price.The proposed optimization method is simulated and validated based on China’s power system data.Finally,this study provides policy recommendations on the flexible management of traditional power sources,the market-oriented mechanism of new energy sources,and the integration of new technology to support the attainment of carbon-neutral targets in the current energy transition process.

Local communities' participation in decision-making processes through planning and budgeting in African countries

Community participation and community based management are topical themes in current policy and discussion revolving around decision-making processes especially those dealing with natural resources management.This review shows that while governments have accepted the need to either cede or devolve control and management of natural resources to the local communities,the communities are not part and parcel of the planning and budgeting which are crucial in decisionmaking.Communities were seen to be more involved in the implementation of natural resource management programs but lacked ownership of the projects.This causes lack of commitment to the programs and at times hostile reaction from the communities.The communities are always at the receiving end when it pertains to losses in the exchange.Community participation was shown to be effective when the local population is involved not as co-operating users but as natural resource managers or owner managers.

Analysis on decision-making model of plan evaluation based on grey relation projection and combination weight algorithm

In military service joint operations, when there are more operational forces, more multifarious materials are consumed, the support is more complex and fuzzy, the deployment of personnel is more rapid, and the support provided by wartime military material support powers can be more effective. When the principles,requirements, influencing factors and goals of military material support forces are deployed in wartime, an evaluation indicator system is established. Thus, a new combined empowerment method based on an analytic hierarchy process（AHP） is developed to calculate the subjective weights, and the rough entropy method is used to calculate the objective weights. Combination weights can be obtained by calculating the weight preference coefficient error, which is determined by combining the cooperative game method and the minimum deviation into objectives. This approach can determine the grey relation projection coefficient and synthesize the measure scheme superiority to finally optimize the deployment plan using the grey relation projection decision-making method. The results show that the method is feasible and effective;it can provide a more scientific and practical decision-making basis for the military material support power deployment in wartime.

Westinghouse Electric Corp.plans long-term investment in China

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THE NINTH FIVE-YEAR PLAN AND LONG-TERM TARGET BY 2010 FOR CHINA'S FOOD INDUSTRY

The"Ninth Five-Year Plan for theNational Economy and SocialDevelopment and the Long-TermTarget by the Year 2010" adopted at theFourth Session of the Eighth National People’sCongress have opened up a vast new worldfor the development of China’s food industry.The food industry should seize the opportunityto strengthen itself and speed up itsdevelopment for meeting the needs ofimproving the people’s living standards andperform well in modernized socialistconstruction.

The Development of the Generation Expansion Planning System Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making Rule

The power expansion planning is large and capital intensive capacity planning. In the past, the expansion planning was established with the proper supply reliability in order to minimize social cost. However, such planning cannot be used in the power markets with many market participants. This paper proposed the power expansion planning process in the power markets. This system is composed of Regulator and Generation Company （GENCO）＇s model. Multi-criteria decision making rule is used for regulator model and several scenarios for GENCO model are applied.

Improved Fuzzification Method for Multi-Objective Decision-Making and Its Application in Evaluation of Highway Planning

A new fuzzification method for multi-objective decision-making and selective sorting is proposed on the basis of the fuzzy consistent relation, and the specific algorithm is presented. The method is applied to the evaluation of highway planning of Zhanjiang city. To decrease the subjectivity in the process of decision-making, the LOWA operator is introduced, and a discussion on how to select appropriate weights involved in multi-objective sorting is made. It is concluded that it is feasible to apply the fuzzy consistent relation to multi-objective decision-making analysis, and the improved fuzzication method is workable.

基于可逆固体氧化物电池的电氢耦合微电网全生命周期规划-运营研究

为促进实现“双碳”目标,新能源将成为未来能源供应的主体。考虑到高比例新能源对电力系统容量规划和调度运营带来的巨大挑战以及电氢能源需求量的持续增长对电力系统的影响,以微电网为研究对象,设计基于可逆固体氧化物电池的考虑源荷不确定性的电氢耦合微电网全生命周期规划-运营优化模型及其求解算法。首先,针对风光产电、电氢负荷等多种不确定因素,设计包含微电网全生命周期内各年份不同典型日的数据,以构成随机场景。其次,对电氢耦合微电网容量规划成本、全生命周期调度运营成本以及新能源年均渗透率等多个优化目标进行数学表达,并对各发电机组、可逆固体氧化物电池以及储氢库的规划-运营约束进行线性描述。然后,设计一种改进的增广ε约束算法求解模型的Pareto解集,并提出一种平衡决策方法从解集中获取最佳规划-调度方案。最后,仿真结果表明,所提方法能均衡各优化目标,在保证新能源高渗透率的同时提升电氢耦合微电网的可靠性以及规划-运营经济性。

智能播种机器人控制系统设计

为进一步提高作物播种自动化水平和生产效率,该文详细阐述了智能播种机器人硬件系统、软件系统的设计,以及关键部件的选型,通过构建智能播种机器人路径规划算法,实现农田环境感知和作物信息处理,达到精准的播种路径规划和种子分配。通过田间试验,验证了所设计控制系统的可行性和有效性。结果表明,通过划分区域、设定优先级和避障策略,实现了高效的播种路径规划。

面向智能航行避碰决策与规划的虚拟仿真测试技术研究

研究了面向智能航行避碰决策与规划的虚拟仿真测试技术。介绍了智能航行在货运船舶中的应用需求,分析了当下避碰决策策略、路径规划算法以及避碰决策与规划测试技术的研究现状。面向货运船舶智能航行避碰决策与规划能力,基于避碰规则中的会遇态势划分,结合四元船舶领域和贝塞尔曲线插值理论,提出了一种智能航行避碰决策与规划算法。构建了一种基于虚拟仿真环境的避碰决策与规划算法仿真测试方法,通过AIS(automatic identification system)模拟器模拟目标船的状态数据,结合船载综合导航系统(integrated navigation system,INS)实现了避碰决策与规划算法的测试。通过复杂水域仿真测试验证了所提算法的有效性和可行性,为货运船舶智能航行功能的开发与实践提供了参考。

晚期癌症患者基于共享决策理论的预立医疗照护计划干预

目的探讨基于共享决策理论的预立医疗照护计划干预对晚期癌症患者的实施效果。方法将107例晚期癌症患者按入院时间分为两组,2023年5-7月收治的54例患者为对照组,2023年8-10月收治的53例患者为干预组。对照组实施常规护理干预,干预组在对照组基础上实施基于共享决策理论的预立医疗照护计划干预。干预4周后,比较两组预立医疗照护计划接受度、决策参与满意度及尊严得分。结果干预后干预组预立医疗照护计划接受度总分及各维度得分、决策参与满意度总分显著高于对照组,而尊严总分显著低于对照组(均P<0.05)。结论对晚期癌症患者实施基于共享决策理论的预立医疗照护计划干预,能提高其预立医疗照护计划接受度,改善决策参与满意度,维护临终患者尊严。

计及功能性衰减的独立运营模式下电化学储能容量配置研究

电化学储能(electrochemical energy storage,EES)内部的多种功能性老化行为是影响EES规划决策以及经济性评估的重要因素。针对独立运营模式下EES同时参与电能量和调频市场的容量配置问题,首先提出计及功能性衰减的EES两阶段容量优化配置决策模型。第一阶段模型以EES期望寿命周期内收益最大化为目标进行EES容量优化配置;第二阶段模型考虑EES寿命和功能性老化行为约束,以日运行利润最大化为目标优化各运行年内EES运营决策。然后采用多参数规划理论方法对两阶段模型进行联合优化求解,以获得独立运营模式下EES的配置容量及其期望寿命。最后通过算例仿真分析了EES的功能性老化行为对其经济寿命及容量配置的影响,验证了所提模型和方法的有效性。

临床护士批判性思维评估量表的汉化与信效度检验

目的汉化临床护士批判性思维评估量表,并检验其信效度,为临床护士批判性思维能力测评提供工具。方法遵循Brislin翻译模型,对临床护士批判性思维评估量表进行翻译、回译及文化调适,形成中文版量表。便利抽取临床护士242人进行调查,评价量表信效度。结果中文版量表包括问题识别、护理决策、护理优先次序、护理计划、护理计划实施与改进5个维度共16个条目。探索因子分析结果显示,5个公因子的累计方差贡献率为86.472%。总量表Cronbach′sα系数为0.969,折半系数为0.925,重测信度为0.835。结论中文版临床护士批判性思维评估量表具有良好的信效度,可用于评估临床护士批判性思维能力。

基于多准则决策方法的避难场所选址模型研究

针对避难场所规划选址中的现实问题与需求,从方法易操作和可实施角度出发,构建了面向城市规划业务流程与工作实践的防灾避难场所选址模型。该模型基于多准则决策方法(MCDM),以避难场所选址的安全性和均好性为主要目标。模型综合考虑了人口密度、建筑质量、交通系统和避难场所设施配置四项选址影响因素,并采用AHP-熵权法确定影响要素权重。以江阴市为实证案例,套用模型经过两轮评估及编码者测试,最终明确了备选避难场所资源的优先建设排序,验证了模型的可行性与实用性。研究提出的影响要素和量化指标易于取得,打分方法便于操作,适用于城市规划阶段的避难场所规划选址与建设时序决策。

食品安全风险监测计划何以高效决策?——基于组织规范构造的视角

食品安全风险监测计划决策的时效性、科学性乃至执行效率,往往受制于相关政府职能部门的组织机构建制水平。有必要基于组织规范构造的视角,围绕所涉政府职能部门的权责配置与职权行使事项,来系统性约束和保障其机构能力。一方面,应针对专有权责与共有权责来设定其权责配置规范,以彰显相应职能部门在该类决策过程中的差异性决策设计与多元化决策考量。另一方面,应针对监测计划设置与监测信息传递来设定其职权行使规范,以厘清相应职能部门在该类决策过程中的内部决策定位与外部决策整合。最终尝试依托复合决策维度中、决策要素驱动下的协同履职,来明晰实现高效决策的可行规范进路。

低排放区下新能源车购买使用意向形成过程分析

随着燃油车数量日益增多,空气污染也日益加剧,因此近年来管理部门开始设置对燃油车设置排放污染物限值,促进人们选择新能源汽车等绿色交通方式出行的区域,即低排放区。为了解低排放区下人们对于新能源汽车的购买使用意向,以燃油车通勤者为调查对象,基于自调整行为变化阶段模型将人们购买使用新能源汽车分为目标意向、行为意向、实施意向和意向形成4个阶段,并且基于各意向阶段提供促进购买使用意向提升的辅助干预措施。最终得到不同意向阶段的辅助干预措施需求度,建立了辅助措施干预前后两个低排放区下新能源汽车购买使用意向形成过程模型,得出提供辅助干预措施后,能够更好地解释低排放区下人们购买使用新能源汽车意向形成过程,同时分析了提供辅助干预措施前后影响人们各阶段意向的重要性因素变化。研究结果可为管理部门设置低排放区提供参考和建议。