MAKO辅助全膝关节置换术对膝单间室骨关节炎术后疼痛、肢体肿胀及关节功能的影响

目的探讨MAKO辅助全膝关节置换术对膝单间室骨关节炎术后疼痛、肢体肿胀及关节功能的影响。方法将2020年4月至2023年4月于新疆医科大学第一附属医院行膝单间室骨关节炎全膝关节置换术治疗的患者作为研究对象,选择其中采用MAKO辅助下全膝关节置换术进行治疗259例患者为观察组;同期按照组间基线特征匹配的原则,选择采用全膝关节置换术治疗的241例为对照组。分别于术前1d及术后5d、10d,采用Lysholm膝关节评分及Berg平衡功能评分对患者膝关节功能进行评估;记录患者膝关节屈曲度,采用AIMS2-SF评分量表评估患者生活质量;检测超敏-C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、白细胞计数(WBC)水平;采用视觉模拟评分(VAS)评估患者自身疼痛程度。对比分析两组患者的临床效果。结果观察组患者术后5d、术后10d的Lysholm评分、Berg平衡功能评分、膝关节屈曲度、AIMS2-SF评分水平高于对照组(P<0.05);术后5d、10d的hs-CRP、WBC、ESR水平、VAS评分、肢体肿胀度低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的临床疗效高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论采用MAKO辅助全膝关节置换术能减轻术后患者疼痛及肢体肿胀程度,使患者膝关节功能及Berg平衡功能得到改善,升高膝关节屈曲度,抑制炎症反应。

Mako机器人辅助全膝关节置换术在膝骨性关节炎的早期应用

目的:探讨Mako机器人辅助人工全膝关节置换术(total knee arthroplasty,TKA)治疗膝骨性关节炎(knee osteoarthritis,KOA)早期疗效,总结初步应用经验。方法:回顾分析2021年6月至2021年12月,采用Mako机器人辅助TKA治疗73例KOA患者。男16例,女57例,年龄54~81(67.8±6.6)岁。记录分析患者术前术后髋膝踝角(hip-knee-ankle,HKA)、股骨远端外侧角(lateral distal femoral angle,LDFA)、胫骨近端内侧角(medial proximal tibial angle,MPTA),矢状位股骨角(lateral femoral component angle,LFCA)、矢状位胫骨角(lateral tibial component angle,LTCA)。采用Western Ontario McMater大学骨性关节炎指数(Western Ontario McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index,WOMAC)评分和美国膝关节协会评分(Knee Society scores,KSS),比较术前与术后3、6个月患者功能恢复情况。结果:73例患者均顺利完成手术,术中无血管、神经损伤等严重并发症,术后切口均Ⅰ期甲级愈合,无感染。随访时间4~11(7.0±2.7)个月,末次随访患者满意度为90.41%(66/73)。WOMAC评分术后3个月(23.1±5.4)分,6个月(14.8±4.1)分;KSS临床评分术后3个月(76.1±4.0)分,6个月(82.1±3.7)分;KSS功能评分术后3个月(74.3±3.1)分,6个月(78.6±2.1)分。术后影像检查显示假体位置良好,HKA为(178.5±2.1)°,LDFA为(91.2±1.8)°,MPTA为(89.9±1.5)°,LFCA为(7.6±3.1)°,LTCA为(88.2±1.1)°,术后机械轴在±3°范围内病例为60例(82.2%),所有病例机械轴在±6°范围内。结论:Mako机器人辅助TKA治疗膝骨性关节炎是一种安全有效的手术方法,在恢复下肢力线、平衡软组织、改善膝关节功能方面效果明显,远期疗效有待进一步随访观察。

MAKO机械臂辅助全髋关节置换术在不同类型髋关节疾病中的早期疗效分析

目的:探讨MAKO机械臂辅助全髋关节置换术在不同类型髋关节疾病中应用的早期疗效。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2021年12月因先天性髋关节发育不良(Developmental dysplasia of the hip, DDH)接受MAKO机械臂辅助全髋关节置换术的患者13例为DDH组,因股骨头缺血性坏死(Avascular necrosis, AVN)接受MAKO机械臂辅助全髋关节置换术的患者29例为AVN组。除DDH组女性患者比例偏高外,两组患者年龄、身高、体重、体质指数、术前Harris髋关节评分、西安大略和麦克马斯特大学(Western Ontario and McMaster Universities, WOMAC)骨关节炎指数、术前下肢长度差差异均无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。记录并比较两组患者手术时间、并发症发生率、术后影像学参数(外展角、前倾角、下肢长度差)、术后髋臼假体在Lewinnek安全区和Callanan安全区内的放置率、术后3个月和6个月的Harris评分、WOMAC指数和遗忘关节评分。结果:DDH组手术时间为(101.54 ± 11.79) min,与AVN组手术时间为(97.59 ± 16.88) min相比,手术时间差异无统计学意义(t = 0.762, P = 0.450)。DDH组下肢长度差为(3.95 ± 2.86) mm,与AVN组下肢长度差(3.71 ± 2.71) mm相比,差异无统计学意义(t = 0.263, P = 0.794)。两组患者术后髋臼假体外展角(43.62˚ ± 2.57˚, 41.62˚ ± 4.77˚)差异无统计学意义(t = 1.419, P = 0.164);术后髋臼假体前倾角(15.41˚ ± 4.67˚, 12.78˚ ± 4.75˚)差异无统计学意义(t = 1.671, P = 0.102);术后髋臼假体外展角度与术前计划的差值(3.85˚ ± 2.18˚, 3.67˚ ± 2.61˚)差异无统计学意义(t = 0.216, P = 0.830);术后髋臼假体前倾角度与术前计划的差值(3.17˚ ± 3.32˚, 3.82˚ ± 3.54˚)无统计学意义(t = 0.559, P = 0.579);术后偏心距差(4.82 ± 2.83, 4.98 ± 3.82) mm,无统计学差异(t = 0.133, P = 0.895)。DDH组髋臼假体在Lewinnek安全区的放置率为90.9%,AVN组为89.7%,组间差异无统计学意义(P = 0.906)。DDH组髋臼假体角度在Callanan安全区的比例为84.62%,AVN组比例为65.52%,差异无统计学意义(P = 0.205)。术后3个月和术后6个月两组患者Harris髋关节功能评分、WOMAC指数、遗忘关节评分的组间差异无统计学意义。DDH组和AVN组术后6个月Harris髋关节功能评分改善值分别为(36.23 ± 5.13)分和(37.14 ± 5.81)分,差异无统计学意义(t = 0.484, P = 0.616);WOMAC指数改善值分别为(48.62 ± 11.84)分和(45.72 ± 8.94)分,差异无统计学意义(t = 0.875, P = 0.387)。各组患者均无术中及术后并发症发生。结论:MAKO机械臂辅助全髋关节置换术在面对DDH和AVN两种疾病时其操作性、安全性、精准性等表现稳定,具有良好的早期疗效。

股骨颈骨折行Mako机器人系统辅助全髋关节置换术的护理配合

目的分析探讨Mako机器人系统辅助全髋关节置换术的有效护理配合方法,剖析循证护理在改善患者临床指标及手术安全性中的价值。方法选取北京某三甲医院收治的122例(2019年7月至2020年12月)全髋关节置换术患者作为研究对象,入选患者手术均在Mako机器人系统辅助下进行,患者分为对照组(常规护理)及研究组(循证护理),每组61例,比较2组临床指标及并发症发生情况。结果研究组下床活动时间[(8.69±2.17)d]及住院时间[(9.73±1.52)d]明显短于对照组[(14.38±3.56)d,(15.98±2.83)d](P<0.05),术后VAS评分比较,研究组[(2.69±1.23)分]与对照组[(5.74±2.11)分]比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);研究组并发症共4例(6.56%),对照组共12例(19.67%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);接受护理前组间Harris评分无明显差异(P>0.05),接受护理后观察组Harris评分[(92.89±2.92)分]明显高于护理前且高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论借助循证护理管理可显著改善Mako机器人系统辅助全髋关节置换术患者的临床指标,安全性及患者髋关节康复效果更佳,对提升医院的社会效应有积极价值,值得推广。

MAKO机器人辅助下全膝关节置换的手术室标准护理流程探讨

目的:总结MAKO机器人辅助下全膝关节置换术的护理配合经验,为制定相关的手术室标准化护理流程提供参考。方法:回顾性总结中日友好医院2021年7月—2022年3月行MAKO机器人辅助下全膝关节置换术30例患者的临床资料及手术护理配合过程,包括术前机器人手术系统的准备、术前手术间和手术用物的准备及术中的手术配合。结果:30例MAKO机器人辅助下全膝关节置换术的手术护理配合过程顺利,术中出血少,术后24h可下床活动,术后随访效果较好,无并发症发生。结论:MAKO机器人手术系统可以提高手术精确度、改善临床结果。

MAKO机器人辅助后外侧入路全髋关节置换的学习曲线及临床早期效果

背景:随着全髋关节置换技术的不断成熟,对手术的精准程度要求越来越高,以期望患者得到更良好的置换结果:MAKO机器人辅助下的关节置换技术使手术的精准程度实现了可能,但该项技术有一定的学习曲线,早期的置换结果及并发症应是关注重点。目的:分析MAKO机器人辅助下后外侧入路人工髋关节置换的学习曲线及临床早期效果。方法:回顾性分析2017年3月至2018年3月中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院西院(海口骨科与糖尿病医院)采用MAKO机器人辅助下后外侧入路行人工髋关节置换26例患者的病例资料,其中男12例,女14例。关注学习曲线早期的髋关节置换中易发生的问题及早期临床结果。结果与结论:手术时间56-155 min,平均(87.0±16.1)min:显性出血220-850 mL,平均(336±246)mL。髋臼外展角(41.3±2.7)°,髋臼前倾角(16.4±3.4)°,下肢长度差值为(1.0±2.0)mm,股骨偏心距差值为(1.6±0.6)mm.术中股骨距骨折1例,无感染、坐骨神经损伤及伤口相关并发症。置换后弃拐行走时间3-6周,平均(3.8±2.1)周。置换后3个月Harris评分(92.1±4.7)分。提示MAKO机器人辅助下后外侧入路全髋关节置换学习曲线的病例短期内显示疼痛改善,功能康复快,临床结果良好,手术时间随着熟练度而缩短,假体位置均在安全范围内,失血量亦在可接受范围。

MAKO骨科机器人辅助全髋关节置换术的围术期护理

目的探讨MAKO骨科机器人辅助全髋关节置换术围术期的护理方法及特点。方法回顾性分析2018年4月—2019年3月期间,我科进行的19例MAKO骨科机器人辅助全髋关节置换术的患者术前基本资料、手术信息及术后康复情况,分析总结MAKO骨科机器人辅助全髋关节置换术患者围术期的护理要点。结果17位患者共行19例MAKO骨科机器人辅助全髋关节置换,其中2例男性患者均先行右全髋关节置换,术后1月再次入院行左全髋关节置换。患者平均年龄(44.76±11.59)岁,住院天数为6~15天,平均(10.05±2.86)天。其中术前2~7天,平均(3.95±1.68)天,术后为3~8天,平均(5.21±1.69)天。术后无神经或大血管损伤、髋关节僵硬、感染、脱位、假体松动、血栓栓塞等并发症,预后良好。结论MAKO骨科机器人辅助全髋关节置换术具有精准、微创的优势,是实现精准医疗的重要手段。运用加速康复外科护理方法可以充分发挥MAKO特点,促进患者快速康复。

Mako机器人系统辅助全髋关节置换术与传统全髋关节置换术护理配合比较

目的:探讨Mako机器人系统辅助全髋关节置换术与传统全髋关节置换术护理配合的不同,为临床骨科机器人手术护理配合提供参考。方法:以2018年4月~2019年4月行Mako机器人辅助全髋关节置换术治疗的20例手术护理配合为基础,以文献资料为辅,比较两种手术护理配合的不同。结果:Mako机器人手术系统与传统髋关节置换术相比,在护士培训方式、术前准备工作、手术间布局、无菌屏障的建立、三维立体空间思维、无菌器械台的管理、仪器设备器械的使用与术后管理方面对护士提出了更高的要求。结论:Mako机器人系统的应用改变了传统全髋关节置换术的护理配合方法,手术室护士应不断学习新知识,以适应医疗技术的需要。

Structural Evolution of a Precambrian Segment: Example of the Paleoproterozoic Formations of the Mako Belt (Eastern Senegal, West Africa)

The western part of the Kedougou Kenieba Inlier is located in the West African Craton. It consists of paleoproterozoic NE-trending elongate belts (subprovinces) of metavolcanic and granitic rocks that alternate with metasedimentary belts. Major linear fault such as the MTZ which also approximate a north-easterly trend form the eastern boundaries. The field observations and geophysics analyses were completed by a microscopic study. Based on these data we define across this region four lithostructural domains from east to west. The western domain is structurally complex. The rocks of this domain have been subjected to a complex history of polyphase deformation and metamorphism. The structural analyse allow us to distinguished three deformation events. The deformation results in the formation of D1 thrust tectonic and D2 and D3 transcurrent tectonic. The structural evolution of the Mako Belt is characterized by deformation dominated by the intrusion of large TTG batholiths (D1) followed by basins formation and transpression accommodating oblique convergence and collision (D2 and D3). The change from thrusting (D1 deformation to transcurrent motion (D2 and D3) is recorded in the marginal basin of the central domain and in Tinkoto pull apart basin. The timing of these basins indicates a diachronous evolution. Deformation styles within the basin are compatible with a dextral transpression which terminated at ca 2090 Ma. Small extensional basins formed over the rocks of the Mako Belt are filled with continental detrital sedimentary rocks that show weak foliation and active felsic volcanism. We suggest that the sinistral transpressive tectonic associated with oblique subduction may have generated the pull-apart basin and subaqueous volcanism. In part these features are now related to terrain accretion, thrusting and strike slip movement during oblique convergence. The inversion of the large scale structural evolution from thrusting to strike slip is common to modern orogenies.

MAKO机器人辅助单髁置换手术的护理配合

机器人技术在微创领域的作用越来越突出,而高质量护理工作的配合可以保障机器人手术的安全、有效进行,且有利于患者术后稳定情绪和更好的恢复。为提升护理工作者对MAKO机器人辅助单髁置换手术的全面认识,优化护理工作的模式和流程,提高手术效率并改善患者术后恢复效果,本文在现有的相关文献资料基础上,结合北京大学人民医院11例行机器人单髁置换手术的实际工作体会,用理论联系实际,对术中的护理配合工作进行系统地分析。本团队认为,在机器人辅助单髁置换手术中,护理工作应在传统经验积累的基础上,进一步提高护理配合熟练程度。随着科技的进步,MAKO机器人辅助单髁置换手术的医护模式也将进一步的智能化和数字化。

Instabilities Susceptibility Assessment of Fractured Rock Masses Using Geographic Information System: Application on the Sector of Mako (South-Eastern Senegal)

The Mako area located in the region of Kedougou is characterized by very hilly terrains with hardly accessible zones. This situation makes it difficult to map these terrains and exposes the populations to the permanent risk of a rock slide. The issue of this paper is to evaluate the instabilities susceptibility at the Mako zone located at the hilliest zone of Senegal. It is done using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The predisposing factors that are slope, lithology, hydrography, fracturing, land use are defined by the GIS and field data then are confirmed by field observations. According to field observations, more possible scenarios are SC1 and SC4 at the dry season and rainy season respectively. The instabilities susceptibility maps are taken from weighted overlay of these factors and they show that hilly areas are the most susceptible to rockslide or landslide when fractures are present with percent of moderate to high susceptibility between 13% and 22%. These percentages increase and can reach more than 40% with an intense water flow during the rainy season. Hazard can reach up to two hundred meters of foothill according to maps.

Contribution to the Study of Paleoproterozoic Materials for the Improvement of Social Housing in the Kedougou Region: Case of Mako Andesitic Meta-Tuffs

The objective of this project is the valorization of Mako andesitic volcanic tuffs for use in social housing in the Kedougou region. To achieve these objectives, a geotechnical characterization of the tuff samples was carried out and the geopolymerization stabilization was adopted for the manufacture of bricks. These bricks stabilized by an alkaline activation offer compressive strengths that exceed the threshold value (2.9 MPa) set by the standard (NF P14-304). The best compressive strengths (12.14 MPa) and flexural tensile strengths (5.43 MPa) are obtained in the series of bricks made with 35% of the mass of a solution of caustic soda at 12 molars concentration with a curing temperature cooking of 185°C and an average absorbance of 13.21%.

Meaning of Rocks Basic Enclaves in the Eburnean Granitoids of Mako Area (Kédougou-Kéniéba Inlier, Senegal): Petrogenetic Implications

The Mako area, located in eastern Sénégal, constitutes a segment of Paleoproterozoic (Birimian) formations of the Kédougou-Kéniéba Inliers (KKI) in the western part of the West African craton. The basic volcanism of the Birimian formations of the KKI has long been considered to be related to a single magmatic event associated with a Mid Oceanic Ridge Basalts (MORB) setting. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate on the basis of the architectural characteristics of the granitoids dark enclaves, the occurrence of at least two distinct phases of basic Magamtism in the Birimian of the KKI. The methodology consists of a cartography, a petrographic and architectural characterization of the dark enclaves within the Mako granitoids, in order to constrain their spatial and temporal relationships with the granitic magma. The results obtained are compared with those of the bibliography. We have pinpointed two types of enclaves depending on their shapes and the characteristics of their edge with the enclosing rocks: angular enclaves with straight edges (ante-granitoids) and the soft enclaves with uneven edges (syn-granitoids). The enclaves with straight and well-defined rectilinear edges (ante-granitoids) would be linked to a basic magma which is already consolidated before being fragmented, torn and carried away as enclaves in the granitoids. These enclaves would come from enclosing outcrops of metabasalts and metagabbros which are locally cross-cut by the granitoids. The soft enclaves with uneven edges (syn-granitoids) were co-magmatic and not solid during their incorporation into the granitoids. They come from a basic magma which is contemporaneous to the granitic one. Thus, the occurrence of two generations of dark enclaves is related to, at last, two different phases of basic magmatism in the Birimian formations of the KKI.

Comparative Analysis of the Hard Hillsides Stability by Empirical Methods and Limit Equilibrium: Case of Ultra Basic and Andesites of Mako and Marbles of Bandafassi (Senegal)

The purpose of this paper is to characterize rock mass stability using basic rock mass method and to compare them. Rock mass quality and strength are determined using rock mass classification and numerical methods. The Factors of safety are calculated with the results of stereographic projection. Results show that quality of ultrabasite and marble are better than quality of andesite. The Slope Mass Ratings (SMR) show that rocks with the best quality are stable and andesite partially stable. The calculation of the factors of Safety by limit equilibrium assigns a stable state for ultrabasite and marble and instable for andesite. Calculation of Safety factor using stereographic parameters in one hand and finite element code in another shows more possibility of planar sliding along discontinuities than rock matrix failure. At last, quality of endogeneous rock mass is correlated with its stability state. The better rock mass is, the more stable the rock it is.

ECRM以新款Mako4进军CTP市场

Mako数码制版是一个全面的CTP解决方案,它没有任何多余的设计却拥有极佳表现.ECRM公司副总裁Wim Plaggenburg先生这样描述到,"它价格合理,可靠耐用,先进的技术使其具备了用户最为关注的四大要素:商品质成像,极高速度,性能可靠以及最优性价比.并且,Mako4像操作晒版机一样容易;像安装和调试一台电脑一样简单."

MAKO机器人辅助髋关节翻修术的注册分析

目的报道MAKO机器人辅助髋关节翻修术注册成功率的情况,影响成功率的因素,以及不同注册方法的效果。方法收集2019年10月至2023年10月首都医科大学附属北京积水潭医院行MAKO机器人辅助髋关节翻修术的病例113例,回顾性分析其术侧、髋白侧骨缺损、粗配准位置(依粗配准位点与髋白的相对位置关系分为白内粗配准与白外粗配准)、注册界面(依注册是否有假体参与分为骨界面注册与假体界面注册)以及手术年份对注册首次通过率及整体精准度的影响,并总结提出首次注册未通过时的解决办法。结果113例手术中76例数据齐全纳入研究,包含首次通过组62例,非首次通过组14例。注册界面中骨界面注册使用频率较高(82.9%),粗配准位置以白外粗配准选取次数较多(57.9%)。比较首次通过组与非首次通过组的数据,发现髋白侧Paprosky骨缺损分型与首次注册能否通过显著相关(P<0.05),而在术者依假体松动情况及骨缺损情况进行选择的前提下,注册位置、注册界面及是否为早期实践均与首次注册能否通过无显著性关联。76例手术的平均整体精准度为(0.36+0.10)mm;在术者评估选择下,注册位置与注册界面均与整体精准度无显著联系。结论患者骨盆侧骨缺损情况是影响注册成功率的重要因素。术者评估选择下的注册位置与注册界面对MAKO机器人辅助髋关节翻修术能否首次注册通过及整体精准度无显著影响。建立保留髋白假体与否的两种髋骨模型并由术者根据术中情况选择注册界面与位置是切实可行的髋关节翻修注册方案。

双侧同期Mako机器人辅助与传统全膝关节置换术治疗膝骨关节炎的疗效比较

目的对比双侧同期Mako机器人辅助全膝关节置换术(TKA)与传统TKA治疗膝骨关节炎的临床疗效。方法前瞻性对照研究。纳入2021年8月—2022年8月在徐州仁慈医院关节科接受双侧TKA的膝骨关节炎患者25例(50膝),其中男11例、女14例,年龄51~82(64.7±14.8)岁。采用信封法将患者的左右两侧膝关节随机分为2组:采用Mako机器人辅助TKA为MA-TKA组;采用传统人工TKA为CM-TKA组。观察指标:(1)比较2组膝关节切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量,以及术中膝关节屈曲间隙差(FGD)、膝关节伸直间隙差(EGD)的差异。(2)比较2组膝关节术前和术后第3天髋-膝-踝(HKA)角差异。(3)比较2组膝关节术前和术后不同时间点的疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分、膝关节协会临床评分系统(KSS)功能评分、膝关节主动活动度(ROM)差异。(4)术后12个月比较2组膝关节的患者满意度。结果25例患者均成功完成同期双侧TKA手术。术后患者均获随访12个月。(1)MA-TKA组手术时间(105.8±16.7)min较CM-TKA组(86.3±14.5)min长,术中FGD和EGD在MA-TKA组均小于CM-TKA组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);切口长度、术中出血量、并发症比较,差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。(2)术前2组间HKA角差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后第3天均较术前减小,差异均有统计学差异(P值均<0.05);MA-TKA组术后第3天的HKA角(2.3°±1.3°)较CM-TKA组(3.5°±2.2°)更小,差异有统计学意义(t=2.93,P=0.007)。(3)2组患者术前膝关节疼痛VAS评分、KSS功能评分、ROM差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。组内比较:术后不同时间点膝关节疼痛VAS评分、KSS功能评分、ROM均较术前明显改善,组内两两比较除术后6个月与12个月的VAS评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)外,其余指标差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。组间比较:MA-TKA组术后不同时间点VAS评分、KSS功能评分、ROM均优于CM-TKA组,其中术后第1、7天VAS评分和术后1个月时KSS功能评分、ROM的2组间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。(4)2组术后12个月患者满意度调查差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.63,P=0.652)。结论Mako机器人辅助TKA治疗膝骨关节炎,术后膝关节活动度、早期疼痛、早期膝关节功能等较传统TKA改善更佳,患者能获得更满意的临床疗效。

ERAS理念下优化禁食、禁饮时间对Mako机器人辅助全膝关节置换术患者的影响

目的 观察加速康复外科(ERAS)理念下优化禁食、禁饮时间对Mako机器人辅助全膝关节置换术患者的影响。方法 选取该院2021年4月至2022年3月在全身麻醉下行Mako机器人辅助全膝关节置换术的患者109例,分为对照组51例和观察组58例。对照组采用常规禁食、禁饮方法;观察组根据患者手术台次安排给予不同时间段口服碳水化合物饮料(每次200 mL),手术前一天晚上统一口服强化营养液200 mL。记录患者术前饥饿口渴程度、术中反流误吸情况、术后24 h内恶心呕吐发生率、术前术后血糖变化情况及术前术后的红细胞比容(HCT)。结果 2组患者性别、年龄、BMI等一般资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。2组患者术前禁食、禁饮时间及口渴饥饿程度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者围术期均未发生反流误吸,对照组术后24 h内恶心呕吐发生率[17例(33.3%)]高于观察组[3例(5.2%)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组术后血糖、术后24 h HCT高于观察组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 优化Mako机器人辅助全膝关节置换术患者术前禁食、禁饮时间,可有效减轻患者术前口渴、饥饿,术后恶心呕吐的发生,有利于血液得到稀释,且术前术后血糖波动范围小,对于合并糖尿病的患者更有益处,加速了患者术后康复进程。