Effects of Different Herbicides on the Control of Malachium aquaticum L. and Poa annua L.

In this experiment,the effects of 13 kinds of herbicides( or mixtures) on the control of two kinds of weeds were studied by pot cultivation with the broadleaf weed Malachium aquaticum L. and Gramineae weed Poa annua L. as the materials. The results showed that the herbicide MCPA-Na had the best and fastest control effect on M. aquaticum L.,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 7 d after treatment;it was followed by the other four herbicides including MCPA-Na + clethodim,MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl,bentazon and nicosulfuron·atrazine,and all the M. aquaticum L. died 14 d after treatment. Atrazine was the best herbicide to control Gramineae weeds,followed by nicosulfuron·atrazine,and mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine. The study on the application of field herbicide found that four herbicides including atrazine,mesotrione·nicosulfuron·atrazine,nicosulfuron·atrazine and bentazon had better control effect on weeds. The best herbicide for flax field was MCPA-Na + clethodim,followed by MCPA-Na and MCPA-Na + quizalofop-p-ethyl. The optimized herbicides and combinations had no harmful effects on the growth of corn and flax.

牛繁缕的化学成分研究

目的研究牛繁缕Malachium aquaticum(L.)Fries的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱、SephadexLH-20柱、RP-C18反相柱色谱分离纯化,通过理化常数测定和光谱分析鉴定化合物的结构。结果从牛繁缕中分得5个化合物。根据波谱分析和理化数据,鉴定这5个化合物分别为β-谷甾醇(-βsitosterol,MA1)、芹菜素(apigenin,MA2)、胡萝卜苷(daucosterol,MA3)、牡荆苷(vitexin,MA4)和6-C-β-D-葡萄糖-8-C-β-D-半乳糖芹菜素(6-C--βD-glu-8-C--βD-gal-apigenin,MA5)。结论化合物MA5为首次从该植物中分离得到。

三种保健野菜的营养成分测定

以牛繁缕、苣荬菜、猪毛菜为试材,测定了3种野菜中的Ca、Mg、Cu、Zn、Fe、Mn 6种微量元素和氨基酸含量。结果表明:3种野菜中含有丰富的人体必需微量元素和至少17种氨基酸,除色氨酸外,必需氨基种类齐全,是药食兼用的"绿色保健食品"。