Effect of Health Education on Knowledge Attitude Practice towards Malaria among Basic Schools Pupils in Taiz

Background: Malaria is one of the main health problems in Yemen. Health education is essential for the control of diseases such as malaria. School-age children represent 25% of Yemen’s population. Schools children can convey the knowledge and skills that they acquire at school to the community, thus increasing general community awareness about malaria. Aim to determine the impact of school-based malaria education intervention on knowledge, attitude and practice of school children towards malaria prevention and control. Methods: We conducted a community-based trial, intervention and non-intervention comparison (exposed & non-exposed), in four randomly selected districts (rural and urban) of Taiz governorate. This study was conducted in four districts of Taiz governorate. The study population was 2130 pupils of grade 6, 7, and 8 in primary schools, chosen from four randomly selected districts;two of them were rural and the others urban. Four schools and their pupils (1065 pupils) were chosen for the study and assigned as an intervention group and four schools with their pupils (1065) were chosen for the study and assigned as a non-intervention (1065 pupils). Data were collected using questioner in intervention and non-intervention schools (three months apart). The major intervention activities included lectures about malaria, distribution of educational materials. χ2 was used to analyze differences. Results: Health education activities in schools were associated with the increased knowledge of malaria symptoms and methods of prevention. The mean knowledge of malaria symptoms is higher in the intervention schools 4.4 ± 1.9, compared with 2.1 ± 1.4 in the non-intervention group. With statistically significant difference (P < 0.001), also the positive attitude and practice toward malaria was higher to be (48%) in the intervention group;compared with (35%) in the non-intervention group the difference was statistically significant. The knowledge of mode of malaria transmission was higher in the intervention schools to be (86.2%) compared with (59.1%) in the non-intervention group, with statistically significant deference (P value <0.001). The knowledge of fever as a main malaria symptom was higher to be (90.4%) in the intervention schools compared with (63.6%) in the non-intervention schools with statistically significant deference. Conclusions and Recommendation: This study concludes that the health education intervention in primary schools in Taize governorate had a positive impact on the knowledge, attitude and practice of pupils. We recommend to conduct similar methods of the health education activities in schools with suitable modifications to reach all schools level.

Review of AIDS Health Education and Behavioral Interventions in China

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is an infectious disease caused by HIV It has been epidemic formore than 20 years, but there is no cure of it. Health educationand behavioral interventions are some of the most effectiveapproaches in the control and prevention of AIDS. China isone of the countries with the fastest growing HIVseroprevalence rate, and is facing a widespread epidemic ofAIDS. Currently, high-risk populations such as individualswith multiple sexual partners and intravenous drug users arethe main foci of health education and behavioral interventionsin China. Encouraging results have been observed in manyforms of health education and behavioral intervention. Theapplication of health education and behavioral interventionsmust emerge from scientific evidence, follow a series ofstrategies, be carried out from various perspectives, andrequire the participation of all societal communities.

Integrating the health belief model into health education programs in a clinical setting

The article demonstrates that health belief model(HBM)-based health education in hypertensive patients effectively improves blood pressure control and medication adherence at 3 months and 6 months.The HBM addresses perceived barriers,benefits,susceptibility,severity,and self-efficacy,leading to better health behaviors.HBM-based education has been effective in various contexts,including managing chronic diseases,promoting cancer screenings,and preventing infectious diseases.However,the model has limitations,such as cultural applicability and addressing complex health behaviors influenced by environmental factors.Future research should integrate HBM with other theories and conduct longitudinal studies to assess long-term impacts.Despite these limitations,HBM-based education significantly improves patient outcomes,highlighting its potential in health education and promotion when appropriately adapted and implemented.This reinforces the model's value in designing effective health interventions and advancing public health.

An Evaluation of STD/AIDS Health Education among Female Sex Workers in Entertainment Establishments in Jingjiang City

Objective: To explore effective ways of conducting STD/AIDS health education among female commercial sex workers in entertainment establishments and to promote implementation of an 100% condom use programme. Methods: In-depth interviews were carried out to collect qualitative information about demographic characteristics, STD/AIDS knowledge, attitude and risk behaviors of female sex workers. Female sex workers were selected by sampling and were given baseline survey and assessment after intervention. Based on the results of the interviews, a questionnaire was developed, and intervention measures were determined. These measures included face-to-face interviewing, counseling, and distribution of STD/AIDS information and condoms. Results: 196 and 182 female sex workers of the same population were interviewed separately before and after intervention. STDs/AIDS knowledge had significantly increased after one year's intervention (P <0.01). Knowledge increased in both the intervention group and the non-intervention group but the increase was more significant among sex workers who received the intervention. Risk behaviors remained at baseline levels in both groups. Conclusion: STD/AIDS health education among female sex workers in entertainment establishments was effective and may benefit society, but the strategies need to be adjusted to the female sex workers' lifestyles, particularly their high rates of mobility and high-risk behaviors.

Study on the Effect of Behavioral Interventions Based on the Theory of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”on Tuberculosis Cognitive Level of Close Contacts

Objective:Based on the theory of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice,”health education was carried out for close contact with tuberculosis(TB)at a university in Beijing,and its impact on the students’awareness of TB was studied.This study could provide a reference for effective health education interventions among close contacts of TB in undergraduates.Methods:102 undergraduates who had close contact with one confirmed case of pulmonary TB in April 2021 at a university were randomly divided into a control group and an intervention group.The intervention group was given the“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”health education intervention by professionally trained doctors,and were asked to complete a self-designed TB-related questionnaire before and after the intervention.Both groups performed the Tuberculin Skin Test(TST)and chest X-ray(CR)examination.Results:The rate of the TST test was 18.6%,and CR examination showed 0 cases of pulmonary TB.The survey results showed that the TB awareness rate(96.1%,49/51)in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group(51.0%,26/51),and the differences in awareness rate between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Regarding the attitude/skills toward TB,the prevalence rate of tuberculosis-related attitude/behavior in the intervention group(94.1%,47/51)was significantly higher than that of the control group(60.8%,31/51),and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Both self-controlled and parallel-controlled studies showed that the health education intervention of“Knowledge,Attitude,Practice”improved the awareness of TB among close contacts of TB in undergraduates.

STD/AIDS Education and Behavioral Intervention Among Shenzhen Female Barbers

Objective: To understand female barbers' current awareness of STD/AIDS and evaluate the effect of healtheducation and behavioral interventions. Methods: 53 barbershops in Shenzhen were selected bysampling, and their 382 female barbers were given abase-line survey and assessment of intervention followingthe intervention. Results: The survey showed that female barbersgenerally have little education and knew little aboutSTDs/AIDS. They also had some misunderstanding aboutSTDs/AIDS. Most of them knew the main transmission ofSTDs/AIDS' through sexual contact, but didn't knowwhether AIDS could be transmitted through casual contactin daily life. Their knowledge of STDs/AIDS was limited,but they had lower condom use rates and correct ideasabout when to see the doctor. Conclusion: Health education and behavioralintervention related to STD/AIDS on special populationwere effective and or good social consequence.

认知行为干预结合健康教育对急性酒精中毒患者心理应激的影响

目的探讨认知行为干预结合健康教育对急性酒精中毒患者心理应激的影响。方法选取2023年1~3月扬州大学附属医院西区分院急诊科收治的急性酒精中毒患者64例为研究对象,根据入院顺序进行分组,将2023年1月1~31日收治的32例急性酒精中毒患者作为对照组,将2023年3月1~31日收治的32例急性酒精中毒患者作为试验组。对照组实施急诊输液室常规干预,试验组在对照组基础上实施认知行为干预结合健康教育,对比2组间自我效能(GSES)评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)评分、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分、疾病不确定感量表(MUIS-A)以及随访1个月时、2个月时与3个月时的饮酒次数。结果试验组患者干预后的SAS、SDS评分较对照组均明显降低(P<0.05)。干预后,2组患者自我效能(GSES)评分较干预前明显升高,但试验组更高(P<0.05)。2组患者干预后疾病不确定感(MUIS-A)评分均降低,且试验组降低更明显(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组患者随访1个月、2个月与3个月时的饮酒次数明显减少(P<0.05)。结论对急性酒精中毒患者实施认知行为干预结合健康教育,可明显降低患者心理应激反应,提高患者自我效能感,减轻患者疾病不确定感,减少患者饮酒次数,对改善患者心理状态有正向影响,建议应用与推广。

时限性自我调节理论的教育干预对骨质疏松性骨折高风险人群疾病认知与健康促进行为的影响

目的:探讨基于时限性自我调节理论(TST)的教育干预在骨质疏松性骨折(OF)高风险人群中的应用效果,为开展骨折风险人群健康管理工作提供新方法。方法:选取2022年1月—6月在广西某三级甲等医院健康管理中心体检的80例OF高风险人群为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为观察组与对照组,每组40例。对照组实行常规教育干预,观察组实施基于TST的教育干预,比较两组干预效果。结果:在干预6个月及干预12个月后,观察组疾病认知水平、健康促进行为的执行情况优于对照组,且两组时间效应、组间效应与交互效应均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预12个月,观察组骨折发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:基于TST的教育干预可以加深OF高风险人群对疾病的认知程度,促使其建立健康行为,对预防骨折发生具有积极作用。

基于计划行为理论的生活方式干预结合同伴教育对妊娠期糖尿病患者健康行为及血糖变异性的影响

目的分析基于计划行为理论的生活方式干预结合同伴教育对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者健康行为及血糖变异性的影响。方法选择2019年3月至2022年4月收治的70例GDM患者为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各35例。对照组接受常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上加施基于计划行为理论的生活方式干预结合同伴教育。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的健康意识、健康态度及健康行为评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的血糖变异系数(CV)、空腹血糖变异系数(CV-FBG)低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的不良妊娠结局总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于计划行为理论的生活方式干预结合同伴教育可提高GDM患者健康行为,改善血糖变异性,降低不良妊娠结局发生率。

内在行为驱动力激发干预联合赋权理论健康教育在血液透析患者中的应用

目的:探讨血液透析(HD)患者采用内在行为驱动力激发干预联合赋权理论健康教育的效果。方法:选取2022年3月—2023年5月厦门大学第一附属医院收治的105例HD患者,以随机数字表法分成干预组(n=53)与对照组(n=52)。对照组采用常规干预,干预组采用内在行为驱动力激发干预联合赋权理论健康教育。比较两组疾病知识掌握程度、自我管理能力、心理状态[心境状态量表(POMS)]。结果:干预后,干预组肾衰竭、血液透析、预后康复护理评分均较对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组慢性病自我管理研究测量表(CDSMS)评分均较干预前升高,干预组均较对照组高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后,两组积极情绪领域评分均升高,消极情绪领域评分、POMS总分均下降,干预组积极情绪领域评分较对照组高,消极情绪领域评分、POMS总分均较对照组低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:内在行为驱动力激发干预联合赋权理论健康教育应用于HD患者中,能够提高疾病知识掌握程度及自我管理能力,改善心理状态。

多元化健康教育对急性心肌梗死PCI术后患者的作用效果

目的探讨多元化健康教育对急性心肌梗死经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后认知行为和康复效果的影响。方法选取2021年3月至2022年9月在河南省胸科医院接受PCI手术的124例急性心肌梗死患者作为研究对象,按照住院时间分为观察组和对照组,2021年3—12月住院患者为对照组,2022年1—9月住院患者为观察组,均为62例。对照组于PCI术后接受常规健康教育方式,观察组接受多元化健康教育方式,干预时间为3个月。采用冠心病自我管理行为量表对认知行为进行评价,采用6分钟步行试验和日常生活能力(ADL)量表对康复效果进行评价,并进行健康教育满意度评价。结果健康教育后两组患者冠心病自我管理行为量表中疾病认知、症状监测、不良习惯、日常生活、依从性、急救处理和情绪认知7个维度评分均有改善,并且观察组各维度评分高于对照组(P<0.05);健康教育后两组患者6分钟步行试验和ADL评分均有改善,并且观察组康复效果指标均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者健康教育满意度优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论多元化健康教育能够有效改善急性心肌梗死患者PCI术后认知行为能力,促进康复效果的提高,满意度较高。

基于家属赋权的健康教育结合产后模块化营养干预对初产妇母乳喂养认知行为及母亲角色适应能力的影响

目的 探究基于家属赋权的健康教育结合产后模块化营养干预对初产妇母乳喂养认知行为及母亲角色适应能力的影响。方法 选择2020年4月至2022年5月我院收治的80例初产妇作为研究对象,以随机数字表法将其分为对照组和观察组,每组40例。对照组接受常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上加施基于家属赋权的健康教育结合产后模块化营养干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果 干预后,观察组的母乳喂养认知掌握程度和母乳喂养自信心量表(BSES)评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的角色适应问卷(RAQ)各维度评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的家庭照顾者照顾能力量表(FCTI)评分低于对照组,泌乳量评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组产后42 d、3个月的纯母乳喂养率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 基于家属赋权的健康教育结合产后模块化营养干预用于初产妇产后护理中可改善初产妇的母乳喂养认知行为、泌乳情况及母亲角色适应能力,提高家属赋权者的照护能力。

认知行为干预结合医护合作健康教育对行放射治疗肺癌患者癌因性疲乏的影响

目的 分析认知行为干预结合医护合作健康教育对行放射治疗(简称“放疗”)肺癌患者癌因性疲乏的影响。方法 纳入华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院于2021年1月至2022年12月收治的86例肺癌患者,使用简单随机法分别划入观察组(43例)与对照组(43例)。2组患者均接受放疗,对照组在治疗期间采用常规护理及医护合作健康教育,观察组加用认知行为干预。对比2组患者干预前后的癌因性疲乏、心理状态及自我护理能力变化。结果 干预3个月后,2组的癌因性疲乏自评量表(PFS)各维度评分、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分均较干预前降低,自我护理能力测量量表(ESCA)各维度评分均较干预前升高(P均<0.05);观察组的PFS各维度评分、SAS和SDS评分均较对照组更低,ESCA各维度评分均较对照组更高(P均<0.05)。结论 在医护合作健康教育的基础上结合认知行为干预,对于减轻肺癌患者在行放疗期间的癌因性疲乏、改善其心理状态、提高其自我护理能力均具有积极意义。

基于健康行为改变整合理论的健康教育结合积极心理干预对结直肠癌根治术后患者希望水平及健康素养的影响

目的探讨基于健康行为改变整合理论的健康教育结合积极心理干预对结直肠癌根治术后患者希望水平及健康素养的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月收治的100例结直肠癌根治术后患者为研究对象,随机将其分为对照组和观察组,各50例。对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上加基于健康行为改变整合理论的健康教育结合积极心理干预。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的积极行为、目前与未来态度及保持与他人密切关系评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的健康生活方式与行为、健康素养知识理念及健康技能评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的生理、心理、社会关系及环境评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于健康行为改变整合理论的健康教育结合积极心理干预不仅能够增强结直肠癌根治术后患者希望水平,还能提升健康素养,改善生活质量。

健康教育联合行为干预在体检异常患者中的应用效果观察

目的:分析对体检异常患者实施健康教育联合行为干预产生的临床效果。方法:选取2022年1—2023年5月德州市第七人民医院的体检异常患者130例作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为常规组和研究组,各65例。常规组采用常规健康指导,研究组采用健康教育联合行为干预。比较两组干预效果。结果:干预后,两组健康知识、自我护理技能、健康饮食、合理用药、坚持运动评分均升高,研究组高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平升高,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、总胆固醇水平降低,研究组优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖、糖化血红蛋白水平降低,研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,两组同型半胱氨酸、尿酸水平降低,研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:针对体检异常患者,对其充分落实健康教育与行为干预可以有效改善患者血脂、血糖、同型半胱氨酸、尿酸异常指标,提高其健康认知水平。

采用加强传染源防治结合健康教育的新对策控制海南山区疟疾的试点研究

目的：探索与当前的流行病学条件相适应，并符合现代医学模式以及费用－效益原则的新的疟疾防治对策。方法：新的防治对策以高危村和高危人群为重点，结合健康教育和行为干预的综合性措施，包括：在高危村进行健康教育，对高危村和曾在山上住宿的高危人群进行集体药物治疗，对疟疾病例进行追踪治疗，但不采用传统的杀虫剂喷洒或浸泡蚊帐。结果：采取新的防治对策措施后群众的疟疾知识、蚊帐使用率和治疗依从性有所提高，各项疟疾指数迅速下降至较低水平。全乡的年疟疾带虫发病率从１９９４年的３．５％下降至１９９６年的１．１％和１９９７年的０．８％；恶性疟带虫发病率从１．０％分别下降至０．３％和０．３％；疟原虫率从１９９５年５月的７．２％下降至１９９６年１１月的２．１％和１９９７年１０月的１．２％，其中恶性疟原虫率则从１．２％下降至０．１％；没有疟疾病例的村比例从１８．６％上升到５４．２％，发病率大于５％的高危村从１４个减少至２个；费用－效益比率１９９５～１９９６年为１∶２．４，１９９７年为１∶４．４。结论：试点研究达到了预期效果。

健康教育干预疟疾流行的研究

目的 探索江苏省疟疾高发地区健康教育干预疟疾流行的效果。方法 实验点实行健康教育为主的干预措施 ,与对照点同时实施相同的防治措施 ,在不同人群中进行KAP调查和疫情监测 ,以掌握居民的疟防知识水平、自我保护和参与意识、疫情控制程度等变化情况。结果 当地居民的防疟知识掌握率、防疟态度正确率和防疟行为良好率分别从干预前的 2 7.5 1%、43.96%和 5 0 .39%提高到干预后的 83.48%、92 .95 %和 93.83% ;对防治疟疾是社区的大家的共同责任及发热接受血检率等指标分别从干预前的 2 0 .2 2 %和 49.2 6%提高至干预后的 75 .37%和 80 .42 % ;露宿习惯从干预前的经常露宿率占 39.5 5 %下降至干预后的 7.85 % ;疟疾发病率从干预前的 5 7.5 4/万下降至干预后的 2 3.81/万。结论 应用健康教育干预疟疾的流行 ,其效果确实 。

绵阳市男男性行为人群艾滋病性病健康教育及行为干预效果研究

目的探索针对男男性行为者(MSM)人群特征的有效干预方法。方法2007-01/06在绵阳城区采用以核心同伴教育宣传员(POL)干预方法为主,结合网络宣传进行MSM宣传教育和行为干预,2006-12、2007-07采用应答者驱动招募法(RDS)对MSM人群进行基线和终期评估招募调查,对调查结果进行比较分析。结果基线调查201人,终期评估调查200人,人口学特征一至性检验差异均无统计学意义。基线与终期评估调查比较:艾滋病性病基本知识总知晓率分别为68.6%、76.6%,不同情况下安全套使用的主观态度分别为有信心49.1%、62.3%,没有信心20.3%、14.8%,不确定30.7%、22.9%;不同性伴性行为安全套坚持使用率分别为近6个月31.4%、43.4%,近3次38.1%、38.1%,近1次56.2%、72.8%;艾滋病咨询、检测分别为12.9%、36.0%,差异均有统计学意义;近6个月不同类别性伴数,除男男肛交,差异均无统计学意义;近6个月患性病后通知所有性伴进行检查或接受治疗、自认艾滋病感染风险差异无统计学意义。结论以POL为主,结合网络宣传的干预方法,在场所不发达的二级城市能在较短时间有效提高目标人群的艾滋病性病知识知晓率和安全套使用率,是适合MSM人群特点的一种有效干预手段。

深圳市妇女教养人员STD/AIDS知识 态度 信念 行为调查分析

目的 了解深圳市妇女教养人员关于性传播疾病艾滋病 (STD/AIDS)的知识、态度、信念和行为现状 ,探索行之有效的健康教育和行为干预的方法。方法 对 5 5 4名妇女教养人员进行基线调查和干预后调查 ,收集并分析所获取的各项数据资料。结果 妇女教养人员以青年、初中文化、未婚为主 ,对STD/AIDS知识有一定的了解 ,大多使用安全套 ,但获取安全套不方便。

北京市低年龄女性性工作者预防性病艾滋病的行为干预研究

[目的]评价对低年龄女性性工作者实施预防性病艾滋病行为干预的效果。[方法]对北京市中低档娱乐场所的低年龄女性性工作者进行艾滋病预防知识的宣传教育,采取自制问卷,比较干预前后调查对象性病艾滋病的知晓率、性病艾滋病的传播途径、预防方法等知识。[结果]培训前性病艾滋病知识的平均得分是8.7分,培训后平均得分是11.4分,最近1次性行为培训前安全套使用率为70.2%,培训后安全套使用率为86.0%,差异均有统计学意义。[结论]在低年龄女性性工作者中开展性病艾滋病的健康教育是十分必要的。