Effects of Garcinia kola “Bitter Kola” Powder on Sex Reversal, Survival and Growth Performance of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.)

This study was carried out in 2022 at the Itato agriculture community estate of fish hatchery in eastern Senegal with the aim of finding an alternative method to 17-α-methyl testosterone (MT) by using Garcinia kola “Bitter kola” powder to obtain Oreochromis niloticus male sex populations. 1800 fry of average size between 0.01 and 0.02 g were distributed in 12 aboveground tanks of 1 m3 each at a rate of 150 individuals/tank, following 6 duplicate treatments. The negative (B1 and B2) and positive (B3 and B4) control diets, to which between 0 and 60 mg/kg of 17alpha-methyl testosterone had been added respectively, were mixed with industrial feed containing 40% protein;the tank diets (B5 and B6), (B7 and B8), (B9 and B10) and (B11 and B12) contained 10 g, 20 g, 30 g and 40 g of Garcinia kola powder respectively for 1 kg of industrial feed con-taining 40% protein. These different treatments resulted in high proportions of males in the order of 97.03%;98.09% for the hormone and proportions of 94.03%;93.26% for 20 g of Garcinia kola extracts. In terms of weight growth, the best average weights for the hormone and Garcinia kola were 0.896 g and 0.980 g respectively. With regard to fish survival, the following results were recorded: 95.53% and 94.56% respectively for additions of 20 g and 30 g of Garcinia kola extracts to the feed supplied to the fish. On the other hand, a significant difference in the mortality rate of 35% and 5% respectively for the conventional hormone and 20 g of Garcinia kola extracts was observed. To conclude the study, it is recommended that further studies be carried out to determine the quality of the flesh, their life stages and the profile of the amino acids present in their proteins.

不同干燥方式对杜仲雄花成分含量的影响

[目的]研究不同干燥方式对杜仲雄花总黄酮、绿原酸、京尼平苷等含量的影响,提高杜仲雄花有效成分的利用率。[方法]分别采用炒制、热风、真空、冷冻、晒干、阴干的方式对杜仲雄花鲜叶进行干燥,通过感官评价、高效液相色谱法和紫外分光光度计法对杜仲雄花成分含量进行评价。[结果]真空干燥处理的杜仲雄花总黄酮含量和绿原酸含量最高,冷冻干燥处理的杜仲雄花桃叶珊瑚苷和京尼平苷含量最高,炒制干燥处理的杜仲雄花总黄酮、绿原酸和京尼平苷含量均高于热风干燥处理,但热风干燥处理的杜仲雄花桃叶珊瑚苷含量高于炒制干燥处理。[结论]真空干燥和冷冻干燥处理的杜仲雄花无论外观还是成分含量效果均最佳,晒干和阴干效果最差,但冷冻干燥成本高、耗时长,因此建议采用真空干燥方式。

不同群体尼罗罗非鱼×奥利亚罗非鱼组合的杂交效果比较

为评估不同群体尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus,♀)×奥利亚罗非鱼(O.aureus,♂)组合的杂交效果,分别选择了尼罗罗非鱼新吉富、苏丹群体和奥利亚罗非鱼茂名、以色列群体为亲本,在小土池中开展二元组合杂交试验,并以新吉富群体自繁作为对照组,统计各杂交组合出苗量和后代雄性率差异。结果表明,尼罗罗非鱼种内配组的出苗量显著高于尼奥杂交组合,杂交组合内以新吉富♀×以色列♂组合的尾日均出苗量最高;尼奥杂交组合后代的雄性率显著高于尼罗罗非鱼种内配组,杂交组合内以新吉富♀×茂名♂组合杂交后代的雄性率最高。