Background: The gap in the understanding of the context of the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and risky behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) could lead to the development and implementation of inap...Background: The gap in the understanding of the context of the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and risky behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) could lead to the development and implementation of inappropriate interventions, which could exacerbate the rapid spread of STIs, especially HIV, among MSM. The aim of the study was to qualitatively assess the understanding of the STIs and the risky sexual behaviours of men who have sex with men in the North-West region of Tshwane. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design was employed to assess the STIs and the risky sexual behaviour of the MSM population. The study participants were enrolled in an HPV clinical trial at MECRU, which is a clinical research unit at the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University. Data collection occurred from September 2016 to May 2017. A convenience sampling method was used and n = 30 participants were selected. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted on MSM 18 years and older, using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis, using NVivo version 10 software. Results: The mean age of the sample was 26 years, and the age range was 18 to 44 years. All were unmarried, and all of them came from townships, rural villages and informal settlements in the vicinity of the clinical research unit. The high-risk behaviours noted among the majority of the MSM in this study were having multiple sexual partners and exchanging partners, alcohol abuse, inconsistent condom-use, having unprotected anal sex, and having transactional sex. There was a high level of knowledge of STIs in the heterosexual population with poor understanding of STIs affecting MSM through anal sex. Most of the MSM played a female or bottom role, which made them vulnerable because they could not successfully negotiate condom use, and they reported that they sometimes accepted gifts or money in exchange for anal sex. Conclusion: The study concludes that the MSM in this study had casual sex, and are involved in sex work without practising safe sex. There is a need for health promotion on STIs and risky behaviours among MSM in communities as well as in health facilities for MSM in the North-West region of Tshwane.展开更多
Background:Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)prevalence among student men who have sex with men(MSM)in college is more than 5.0%and keeps on increasing in China.This study aims to clarify the proportion of HIV recent i...Background:Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)prevalence among student men who have sex with men(MSM)in college is more than 5.0%and keeps on increasing in China.This study aims to clarify the proportion of HIV recent infection,its propeller and the source among college student MSM.Methods:We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study in seven major Chinese cities during 2012-2013.HIV recent infections(≤168 days)and incidence was measured and estimated by BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay(BED-CEIA)testing strategy.HIV-related behaviors and transmitted drug resistance(TDR)were investigated and compared between the college student MSM,<25-year-old non-student youth MSM(NSYM),and≥25-year-old non-student non-youth MSM(NSNYM),using structured survey,and analyses of drug resistance.Results:Overall,4496(4496/4526,99.3%)were eligible for enrollment,comprising 565 college student MSM,1094 NSYM,and 2837 NSNYM.The proportion of HIV recent infection were 70.3%(26/37),50.8%(65/128)and 35.1%(95/271),the HIV incidence rate were 10.0(95%CI:6.2-13.9)/100 person-year(PY),12.9(95%CI:9.8-16.1)/100PY,6.8(95%CI:5.4-8.2)/100 PY,and TDR prevalences were 7.4%(2/27),2.0%,(2/98)and 4.9%(11/226),among student MSM,NSYM,and NSNYM,respectively.Among HIV positive student MSM with age<21 years,the proportion of HIV recent infection is 90.9%(10/11).Factors independently associated with HIV recent infection in student MSM was usage of recreational drug in the past 6 months(adjusted odds ratio[aOR]:2.5;95%CI:1.0-5.8).Conclusions:College student MSM had higher proportion of HIV recent infection and TDR than the youth and older MSM in China during 2012-2013.The HIV infections were more likely to happen during the early year of college life among student MSM.展开更多
Background:Male sex workers are at high-risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections(STIs),including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).We quantified incidence rates of STIs and identified their time-varying...Background:Male sex workers are at high-risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections(STIs),including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).We quantified incidence rates of STIs and identified their time-varying predictors among male sex workers in Mexico City.Methods:From January 2012 to May 2014,male sex workers recruited from the largest HIV clinic and community sites in Mexico City were tested for chlamydia,gonorrhea,syphilis,hepatitis,and HIV at baseline,6-months,and 12-months.Incide nee rates with 95%bootstrapped confide nee limits were calculated.We examined potential timevarying predictors using generalized estimating equations for a population averaged model.Results:Among 227 male sex workers,median age was 24 and baseline HIV prevalence was 32%.Incidence rates(per 100 person-years)were as follows:HIV[5.23;95%confidence interval(CI):2.15-10.31],chlamydia(5.15;95%CI:2.58-9.34),gonorrhea(3.93;95%CI:1.88-7.83),syphilis(13.04;95%CI:8.24-19.94),hepatitis B(2.11;95%CI:0.53-4.89),hepatitis C(0.95;95%CI:0.00-3.16),any STI except HIV(30.99;95%CI:21.73-40.26),and any STI including HIV(50.08;95%CI:37.6062.55).In the multivariable-adjusted model,incident STI(excluding HIV)were lower among those who reported consistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse(odds ratio=0.03,95%CI:0.00-0.68)compared to those who reported inconsistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse.Conclusions:Incidence of STIs is high among male sex workers in Mexico City.Consistent condom use is an important protective factor for STIs,and should be an important comp on ent of interventions to prevent incide nt infect i ons.展开更多
目的了解长沙市男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)的艾滋病相关知识知晓率和高危行为特征,为当地制定控制艾滋病经男男性传播综合防控策略提供依据。方法采用网络招募和滚雪球的方式对长沙市MSM进行面对面问卷调查,问卷采用2...目的了解长沙市男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)的艾滋病相关知识知晓率和高危行为特征,为当地制定控制艾滋病经男男性传播综合防控策略提供依据。方法采用网络招募和滚雪球的方式对长沙市MSM进行面对面问卷调查,问卷采用2017年国家性艾中心下发的MSM人群哨点监测问卷,结果使用SPSS 17.0进行分析。结果共调查401人,以未婚、大专及以上文化程度为主。艾滋病相关知识知晓率为94.0%,最近6个月与同性发生肛交的比例有88.03%,坚持每次使用安全套的比例为44.2%,HIV抗体阳性率为9.5%,梅毒抗体阳性率为5.5%。结论长沙市区男男人群艾滋病知识知晓率虽高但普遍存在艾滋病感染的高危行为,MSM人群HIV感染率居高不下,应实施针对性的宣传和干预服务。展开更多
目的：探讨老年男性2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者并发骨质疏松的相关因素，为老年糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者的防治提供指导。方法采用双能 X 线骨密度仪测定67例老年男性糖尿病患者骨密度（BMD），将其分为骨质疏松组（OP 组）32例、非骨质疏松...目的：探讨老年男性2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者并发骨质疏松的相关因素，为老年糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者的防治提供指导。方法采用双能 X 线骨密度仪测定67例老年男性糖尿病患者骨密度（BMD），将其分为骨质疏松组（OP 组）32例、非骨质疏松组（NOP 组）35例，比较两组患者的年龄、体质量指数（BMI）、糖尿病病程、空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、尿白蛋白定量（ALb）、24 h 尿蛋白定量和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）等指标之间的差异，并进行相关性分析。结果与 NOP 组比较，OP 组患者年龄大，病程长，BMI 低，骨密度低，ALP 高， FINS 水平低，ISI 低，HbA1c 高，24 h 尿蛋白定量和 ALb 高，LDL-C 高，差异均有统计学意义（均 P ＜0．05）；老年男性 T2DM患者的骨密度与年龄、病程、HbA1c、24 h 尿蛋白定量、ALb、ALP、LDL-C 呈负相关，与 BMI、FINS、ISI 呈正相关。结论老年男性糖尿病患者发生骨质疏松与多因素有关，高龄、糖尿病病程长、体质量低、血糖控制不佳、胰岛功能差、胰岛素抵抗、血 ALP 偏高、LDL-C 高、糖尿病肾病等均是老年男性 T2DM合并骨质疏松的相关因素。展开更多
目的调查成都地区大学生男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)的艾滋病知识知晓率、高危性行为、商业性行为等行为特征,分析该人群HIV/AIDS的健康危险因素,为制定该人群艾滋病防控干预措施提供理论依据。方法2017—2018年采...目的调查成都地区大学生男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)的艾滋病知识知晓率、高危性行为、商业性行为等行为特征,分析该人群HIV/AIDS的健康危险因素,为制定该人群艾滋病防控干预措施提供理论依据。方法2017—2018年采用滚雪球抽样在成都地区大学和男同组织抽取521名大学生男男性行为者进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 21.0软件对相关健康危险因素进行χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归统计分析。结果2018年成都地区大学生男男性行为者艾滋病知晓率为74.80%,近6个月发生同性性行为时,仅7.50%的调查对象每次均使用了安全套;58.30%的调查对象发生首次同性插入式性行为时年龄小于20岁,寻找性伴方式呈现多样化;此外,3.70%(19/520)的调查对象购买过商业性性服务,4.40%(23/520)提供过同性商业性服务。HIV报告阳性率在首次发生同性插入式性行为年龄、与同性肛交次数、最近6个月安全套使用频率、是否购买同性性服务以及是否提供同性商业性服务等变量水平间的差异有统计学意义。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,最近6个月发生性行为时不使用安全套是感染HIV的危险因素(OR=51.174,95%CI:10.441~251.536,P=0.003),有多性伴行为(OR=8.409,95%CI:3.098~22.825,P<0.001)和提供(OR=32.970,95%CI:8.647~125.712)、购买商业性服务(OR=20.531,95%CI:3.956~106.498)是感染HIV的危险因素(P<0.001)。结论成都地区大学生MSM人群中艾滋病防治知识水平还需进一步提高,存在商业性行为等高危行为并且具有明显的知行分离现象,提示高校和相关机构应进一步优化艾滋病宣传教育的方式,积极动员大学生MSM进行HIV检测,并帮助其树立对艾滋病风险的正确认知。展开更多
文摘Background: The gap in the understanding of the context of the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and risky behaviours among men who have sex with men (MSM) could lead to the development and implementation of inappropriate interventions, which could exacerbate the rapid spread of STIs, especially HIV, among MSM. The aim of the study was to qualitatively assess the understanding of the STIs and the risky sexual behaviours of men who have sex with men in the North-West region of Tshwane. Methods: An exploratory qualitative design was employed to assess the STIs and the risky sexual behaviour of the MSM population. The study participants were enrolled in an HPV clinical trial at MECRU, which is a clinical research unit at the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University. Data collection occurred from September 2016 to May 2017. A convenience sampling method was used and n = 30 participants were selected. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted on MSM 18 years and older, using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic content analysis was used for data analysis, using NVivo version 10 software. Results: The mean age of the sample was 26 years, and the age range was 18 to 44 years. All were unmarried, and all of them came from townships, rural villages and informal settlements in the vicinity of the clinical research unit. The high-risk behaviours noted among the majority of the MSM in this study were having multiple sexual partners and exchanging partners, alcohol abuse, inconsistent condom-use, having unprotected anal sex, and having transactional sex. There was a high level of knowledge of STIs in the heterosexual population with poor understanding of STIs affecting MSM through anal sex. Most of the MSM played a female or bottom role, which made them vulnerable because they could not successfully negotiate condom use, and they reported that they sometimes accepted gifts or money in exchange for anal sex. Conclusion: The study concludes that the MSM in this study had casual sex, and are involved in sex work without practising safe sex. There is a need for health promotion on STIs and risky behaviours among MSM in communities as well as in health facilities for MSM in the North-West region of Tshwane.
基金This work was supported by the grants from the Mega-Projects of National Science Research(No.2017ZX10201101-002-007)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81872674)the Mega-Projects of National Science Research(No.2018ZX10101001-001-003)。
文摘Background:Human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)prevalence among student men who have sex with men(MSM)in college is more than 5.0%and keeps on increasing in China.This study aims to clarify the proportion of HIV recent infection,its propeller and the source among college student MSM.Methods:We conducted a multicenter cross-sectional study in seven major Chinese cities during 2012-2013.HIV recent infections(≤168 days)and incidence was measured and estimated by BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay(BED-CEIA)testing strategy.HIV-related behaviors and transmitted drug resistance(TDR)were investigated and compared between the college student MSM,<25-year-old non-student youth MSM(NSYM),and≥25-year-old non-student non-youth MSM(NSNYM),using structured survey,and analyses of drug resistance.Results:Overall,4496(4496/4526,99.3%)were eligible for enrollment,comprising 565 college student MSM,1094 NSYM,and 2837 NSNYM.The proportion of HIV recent infection were 70.3%(26/37),50.8%(65/128)and 35.1%(95/271),the HIV incidence rate were 10.0(95%CI:6.2-13.9)/100 person-year(PY),12.9(95%CI:9.8-16.1)/100PY,6.8(95%CI:5.4-8.2)/100 PY,and TDR prevalences were 7.4%(2/27),2.0%,(2/98)and 4.9%(11/226),among student MSM,NSYM,and NSNYM,respectively.Among HIV positive student MSM with age<21 years,the proportion of HIV recent infection is 90.9%(10/11).Factors independently associated with HIV recent infection in student MSM was usage of recreational drug in the past 6 months(adjusted odds ratio[aOR]:2.5;95%CI:1.0-5.8).Conclusions:College student MSM had higher proportion of HIV recent infection and TDR than the youth and older MSM in China during 2012-2013.The HIV infections were more likely to happen during the early year of college life among student MSM.
基金US National Institutes of Health(R21-HD065525"Conditional economic incentives to reduce HIV risk:A pilot in Mexico"and R34-MH114664"PrEP Seguro:Antiretrovial-Based HIV Prevention Among Men at High Risk in Mexico",PI:Galarraga)Additional support was provided to A.Zullo by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(K12-HS022998)+4 种基金B.Marshall is supported by the National Institute on Drug Abuse(DP2-DA040236)by a Henry Merrit Wriston Fellowship from Brown UniversityM.Lurie is supported in part by US NIH National Institute of Child Health and Development grant(R24-HD077976)1R01 MH 106600-01 from the National Institute of Mental Health.This research was facilitated by the Providence/Boston Center for AIDS Research(P30AI042853)it also benefited from support to the Population Studies and Training Center(PSTC)at Brown University,which receives core support from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development(P2C-HD041020).
文摘Background:Male sex workers are at high-risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections(STIs),including human immunodeficiency virus(HIV).We quantified incidence rates of STIs and identified their time-varying predictors among male sex workers in Mexico City.Methods:From January 2012 to May 2014,male sex workers recruited from the largest HIV clinic and community sites in Mexico City were tested for chlamydia,gonorrhea,syphilis,hepatitis,and HIV at baseline,6-months,and 12-months.Incide nee rates with 95%bootstrapped confide nee limits were calculated.We examined potential timevarying predictors using generalized estimating equations for a population averaged model.Results:Among 227 male sex workers,median age was 24 and baseline HIV prevalence was 32%.Incidence rates(per 100 person-years)were as follows:HIV[5.23;95%confidence interval(CI):2.15-10.31],chlamydia(5.15;95%CI:2.58-9.34),gonorrhea(3.93;95%CI:1.88-7.83),syphilis(13.04;95%CI:8.24-19.94),hepatitis B(2.11;95%CI:0.53-4.89),hepatitis C(0.95;95%CI:0.00-3.16),any STI except HIV(30.99;95%CI:21.73-40.26),and any STI including HIV(50.08;95%CI:37.6062.55).In the multivariable-adjusted model,incident STI(excluding HIV)were lower among those who reported consistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse(odds ratio=0.03,95%CI:0.00-0.68)compared to those who reported inconsistently using condoms during anal and vaginal intercourse.Conclusions:Incidence of STIs is high among male sex workers in Mexico City.Consistent condom use is an important protective factor for STIs,and should be an important comp on ent of interventions to prevent incide nt infect i ons.
文摘目的了解长沙市男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)的艾滋病相关知识知晓率和高危行为特征,为当地制定控制艾滋病经男男性传播综合防控策略提供依据。方法采用网络招募和滚雪球的方式对长沙市MSM进行面对面问卷调查,问卷采用2017年国家性艾中心下发的MSM人群哨点监测问卷,结果使用SPSS 17.0进行分析。结果共调查401人,以未婚、大专及以上文化程度为主。艾滋病相关知识知晓率为94.0%,最近6个月与同性发生肛交的比例有88.03%,坚持每次使用安全套的比例为44.2%,HIV抗体阳性率为9.5%,梅毒抗体阳性率为5.5%。结论长沙市区男男人群艾滋病知识知晓率虽高但普遍存在艾滋病感染的高危行为,MSM人群HIV感染率居高不下,应实施针对性的宣传和干预服务。
文摘目的：探讨老年男性2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者并发骨质疏松的相关因素，为老年糖尿病合并骨质疏松患者的防治提供指导。方法采用双能 X 线骨密度仪测定67例老年男性糖尿病患者骨密度（BMD），将其分为骨质疏松组（OP 组）32例、非骨质疏松组（NOP 组）35例，比较两组患者的年龄、体质量指数（BMI）、糖尿病病程、空腹血糖（FPG）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）、胰岛素敏感指数（ISI）、尿白蛋白定量（ALb）、24 h 尿蛋白定量和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）等指标之间的差异，并进行相关性分析。结果与 NOP 组比较，OP 组患者年龄大，病程长，BMI 低，骨密度低，ALP 高， FINS 水平低，ISI 低，HbA1c 高，24 h 尿蛋白定量和 ALb 高，LDL-C 高，差异均有统计学意义（均 P ＜0．05）；老年男性 T2DM患者的骨密度与年龄、病程、HbA1c、24 h 尿蛋白定量、ALb、ALP、LDL-C 呈负相关，与 BMI、FINS、ISI 呈正相关。结论老年男性糖尿病患者发生骨质疏松与多因素有关，高龄、糖尿病病程长、体质量低、血糖控制不佳、胰岛功能差、胰岛素抵抗、血 ALP 偏高、LDL-C 高、糖尿病肾病等均是老年男性 T2DM合并骨质疏松的相关因素。
文摘目的调查成都地区大学生男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)的艾滋病知识知晓率、高危性行为、商业性行为等行为特征,分析该人群HIV/AIDS的健康危险因素,为制定该人群艾滋病防控干预措施提供理论依据。方法2017—2018年采用滚雪球抽样在成都地区大学和男同组织抽取521名大学生男男性行为者进行问卷调查,使用SPSS 21.0软件对相关健康危险因素进行χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归统计分析。结果2018年成都地区大学生男男性行为者艾滋病知晓率为74.80%,近6个月发生同性性行为时,仅7.50%的调查对象每次均使用了安全套;58.30%的调查对象发生首次同性插入式性行为时年龄小于20岁,寻找性伴方式呈现多样化;此外,3.70%(19/520)的调查对象购买过商业性性服务,4.40%(23/520)提供过同性商业性服务。HIV报告阳性率在首次发生同性插入式性行为年龄、与同性肛交次数、最近6个月安全套使用频率、是否购买同性性服务以及是否提供同性商业性服务等变量水平间的差异有统计学意义。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,最近6个月发生性行为时不使用安全套是感染HIV的危险因素(OR=51.174,95%CI:10.441~251.536,P=0.003),有多性伴行为(OR=8.409,95%CI:3.098~22.825,P<0.001)和提供(OR=32.970,95%CI:8.647~125.712)、购买商业性服务(OR=20.531,95%CI:3.956~106.498)是感染HIV的危险因素(P<0.001)。结论成都地区大学生MSM人群中艾滋病防治知识水平还需进一步提高,存在商业性行为等高危行为并且具有明显的知行分离现象,提示高校和相关机构应进一步优化艾滋病宣传教育的方式,积极动员大学生MSM进行HIV检测,并帮助其树立对艾滋病风险的正确认知。
