“Exploring petroleum inside source kitchen”: Connotation and prospects of source rock oil and gas

Based on the transitional background of the global energy structure, exploration and development of unconventional oil and gas, and investigation of key basins, the unconventional oil and gas resources are divided into three types: source rock oil and gas, tight oil and gas, and retention and accumulated oil and gas. Source rock oil and gas resources are the global strategic supplies of oil and gas, the key resource components in the second 150-year life cycle of the future petroleum industry, and the primary targets for "exploring petroleum inside source kitchen". The geological connotation of source rock oil and gas was proposed, and the models of source rock oil and gas generation, expulsion and accumulation were built, and five source rock oil and gas generation sections were identified, which may determine the actual resource potential under available technical conditions. The formation mechanism of the "sweet sections" was investigated, that is, shale oil is mainly accumulated in the shale section that is close to the oil generation section and has higher porosity and permeability, while the "sweet sections" of coal-bed methane(CBM) and shale gas have self-contained source and reservoir and they are absorbed in coal seams or retained in the organic-rich black shale section, so evaluation and selection of good "sweet areas(sections)" is the key to "exploring petroleum inside source kitchen". Source rock oil and gas resources have a great potential and will experience a substantial growth for over ten world-class large "coexistence basins" of conventional-unconventional oil and gas in the future following North America, and also will be the primary contributor to oil stable development and the growth point of natural gas production in China, with expected contribution of 15% and 30% to oil and gas, respectively, in 2030. Challenges in source rock oil and gas development should be paid more attention to, theoretical innovation is strongly recommended, and a development pilot zone can be established to strengthen technology and promote national support. The source rock oil and gas geology is the latest progress of the "source control theory" at the stage of unconventional oil and gas. It will provide a new theoretical basis for the new journey of the upstream business in the post-industry age.

卡波应用之光稳定性能研究

光的存在对于卡波中和后的产品在粘度上都会有不同程度破坏。本实验研究通过避光储存、国际标准人工日光D65光源、太阳光为实验条件,对比A方案、B方案、C方案、D方案中的应用;经过90天的测试,计算出每个方案平均粘度损耗率情况。结果表明,避光储存可以有效保持卡波的粘度稳定性;在光照条件下,无法避光时D方案损耗率最低,粘度稳定性最好;这充分表明防晒剂可以有效降低太阳光和D65光源对卡波粘度的破坏力度,是一种有效改善卡波光稳定性的可行性方案。

人工太阳光源预防儿童佝偻病的生物学效应

目的 :研究人工太阳光源预防儿童佝偻病的效果。方法 :幼儿园 2～ 4岁儿童每天接受 3h人工太阳光源照射。结果 :预防组血清 Ca、 2 5 (OH) D3 及唾液 SIg A明显高于对照组 ,BAL P(骨碱性磷酸酶 )阳性率明显低于对照组 ;预防组血清 Ca实验后较实验前明显升高。结论 :儿童冬季每天接受人工太阳光源照射 ,可以提高体内维生素 D水平 ,改善钙磷代谢 。

Fe^(3+)/N-TiO_2填料日光催化处理微污染源水

采用溶胶凝胶法制备了铁、氮共掺杂二氧化钛(Fe3+/N-TiO2)粉末,通过浸渍涂膜法将其负载到聚丙烯(PP)生物填料上,并考察了日光激发改性TiO2对微污染源水的处理效果。结果表明,铁、氮的掺杂大大提高了TiO2对太阳光的利用效率,当流量为0.12 m3/h时,负载型Fe3+/N-TiO2填料对CODMn和NH4+-N的去除率分别达到59%和75%。采用扫描电镜观察运行前后填料的表面状况,发现Fe3+/N-TiO2膜的保持程度较好,运行3个月后未发生明显脱落;膜表面生长了类似微生物的物质,可以推测在PP填料表面微生物与二氧化钛形成了功能分区,可以同时进行光化学氧化和生物降解作用。

太阳光波转换与传输

简述地球表面及其周围空间的太阳能资源．根据雷达的有关原理，提出了太阳光波转换与传输系统（简称太阳塔），它将太阳光波经量子交叉场混频器转换为微波，再由天线形成窄波束辐射，实现了高效率、远距离、全天候传输太阳光能，供给用户微波能量，或转换为其他形式的电能；同时探索了以太阳塔为基础的全球能源网的组成及其工作原理，从而使常规能源过渡到新能源的构成中。

世博地下空间环境生态化与可再生能源利用

结合世博地下空间环境生态化工程,指出可再生自然能源的利用是实现地下空间环境生态化的有效途径,介绍了可再生能源利用技术的发展,研究了可再生能源利用新技术的集成,从而更好地实现环境友好型的地下空间环境生态化。

日光激发无机UVC上转换发光材料的研究

可见光光源,特别是低激发密度的可见光光源,如半导体LED、荧光灯及太阳光,激发的紫外光C段(UVC)上转换材料在无感标识与防伪、光催化、生物和城市环境领域的抗菌等方面具有巨大的应用潜力。可见光激发UVC上转换材料要求:发光中心第一激发态具有较长的能级寿命,且能有效吸收可见光光子;基质材料能有效透过可见光和UVC。由于外层电子的屏蔽作用,稀土离子具有丰富的、寿命较长的能级;高带隙无机材料可以有效透过UVC,因此稀土离子掺杂的无机发光材料是可见光激发UVC上转换荧光体的理想选择。然而可见光激发UVC上转换荧光体较低的发射效率限制了应用,如何提高低激发密度下的UVC上转换功率是当前面临的最大难题。着重介绍可见光激发的UVC上转换材料发展过程,当前的可见光激发UVC上转换的研究现状,低激发密度研究领域面临的挑战、解决途径和方法。