Groundwater is of fundamental significance for human society,especially in semi-arid areas in China.However,due to the fast social and economic development,China has been suffering from the shortage of water resource....Groundwater is of fundamental significance for human society,especially in semi-arid areas in China.However,due to the fast social and economic development,China has been suffering from the shortage of water resource.In this situation,managed aquifer recharge(MAR)was considered to be an effective measure for the sustainable management of groundwater resources.Since 1960 s,China successfully implemented many MAR schemes for different purposes such as restoration of groundwater tables,prevention of seawater intrusion,increasing urban water supplies and controlling land subsidence.From those successful experiences China developed a scientific and applicable system to implement MAR project.However,there were still many challenges in this field,for example,treated waste water had been barely used for recharge.The present review summarized the achievements in MAR applications in China as well as the associated challenges within the past 55 years before the year 2016.展开更多
Until the early 1990s the Azraq basin in Jordan was covered by a huge wetland in the central parts representing a source of fresh water for all purposes. The presence of such wetland in the desert created a natural pa...Until the early 1990s the Azraq basin in Jordan was covered by a huge wetland in the central parts representing a source of fresh water for all purposes. The presence of such wetland in the desert created a natural pathway for migratory birds. Man made and natural impacts caused severe depletion of this basin and the oasis disappeared in the early 1990s. Under a GIS environment MAR layers were prepared for the Azraq basin. MAR mapping showed a very high and high potentials over 20.55% and 61.63% of the total basin area respectively;while the low potential areas represent only 4.03% of the total area.展开更多
This study explored the hydrological and economic feasibility of managed aquifer recharge(MAR) using tertiary treated wastewater(TWW) to mitigate salinity in the coastal aquifer of Jamma, Oman. A steady-state groundwa...This study explored the hydrological and economic feasibility of managed aquifer recharge(MAR) using tertiary treated wastewater(TWW) to mitigate salinity in the coastal aquifer of Jamma, Oman. A steady-state groundwater flow and transport model, using MODFLOW software, was developed and calibrated. Different managerial scenarios were simulated and the results reveal that the Jamma aquifer will be further deteriorated in the next 20 a if it remains unmanaged. The groundwater table will decline further by more than 3 m on average; and the iso-concentration salinity line of 1500 mg/L will advance 2.7 km inland, which will severely affect the farming activities in the area. However, MAR using TWW when integrated with the management of groundwater abstraction(e.g., using modern irrigation systems to reduce the abstraction rate) becomes hydrologically feasible to augment the aquifer storage and control seawater intrusion, and hence improves the farming activities. The results indicate that:(1) injecting TWW in the vicinity of irrigation wells(Scenario A2);(2) investing in smart water meters and online control of pumping from the wells to reduce the abstraction rate by 25%(Scenario B); and(3) a combination of both(Scenario B2) are feasible scenarios with positive net present values. Recharge in upstream areas is found not economically feasible because of the very high investment cost of the installation of pipes to transport the TWW over a distance of 12.5 km. Because of securing funds are challenging, Scenario B would be the best option and the second-best option is Scenario A2. Scenario B2 has the lowest net benefit investment ratio and is very attractive because it entails integrated demand and supply management of groundwater. It is required to reduce pumping and to invest in injecting TWW to improve groundwater quality in the vicinity of irrigation wells and to form a hydrological barrier to control seawater intrusion in the long run.展开更多
The article deals with the feasibility of using the recent geological formations in the eastern Jordan Valley for water storage through artificial recharge due to water scarcity and water needs in this area. Water sto...The article deals with the feasibility of using the recent geological formations in the eastern Jordan Valley for water storage through artificial recharge due to water scarcity and water needs in this area. Water storage in surface reservoirs in arid and semi-arid areas is afflicted with a variety of issues such as high evaporation, eutrophication processes and exposure to contamination and accidents. Dams to capture all rare-event floods are, generally, big and expensive structures. Artificially recharging aquifers and storing the water in the underground offer a competing alternative. In this study, hydrogeological, geological, geophysical and hydrochemical investigations were carried out to study the potentials of the eastern side of the Lower Jordan Valley for artificial recharge. The results reveal that relatively extended areas on the eastern side of the Lower Jordan Valley have the potential to accommodate large amounts of recharge water and that the impacts of artificially storing the water in aquifers are to be judged very positive compared to surface storage, especially when the amounts of available recharge water can quantitatively be accommodated in recharge facilities. In addition, the study shows, the advantages of underground water storage compared to surface storage in dams. The potential storage capacities in the different parts of the Lower Jordan Valley are quantified based on rechargeable aquifer volumes and porosities. The potential uses of the recharged water are also elaborated on depending on recharge and aquifer water qualities.展开更多
The Upper Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand, has been facing continuous groundwater level decreases due to over-extraction for irrigation. MAR （managed aquifer recharge） using infiltration pond was investigated and ...The Upper Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand, has been facing continuous groundwater level decreases due to over-extraction for irrigation. MAR （managed aquifer recharge） using infiltration pond was investigated and constructed. A recharge experiment at the pilot site at Ban Nong Na, Phitsanulok Province, was conducted during 2009 to 2011 to mitigate the declining shallow groundwater level. The HELP3 and MODFLOW models were applied to explore the current groundwater recharge. The MODFLOW was used to simulate the recharge mechanism of the experiment in the 1,260 m2 infiltration pond during July to November, 2010. The simulated results showed the groundwater influx and outflux for the year 2010 were 1.34 Mm3 1.57 Mm3, respectively. The annual shallow groundwater extraction was 1.40 Mm3 resulting in the groundwater system deficit of 0.23 Mm3 and causing groundwater level decline at the rate of 0.25 m/yr. The critical zone with groundwater level deeper than 8 m from the ground surface covers 19% of the study area of 4.12 km2 and it would be increased up to 85% within the next 10 years （2020）. To achieve the groundwater system balance, the deficit amount of 0.23 Mm3 is needed and six infiltration ponds are required.展开更多
The large concentration of human population,industry and services in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona has to confront scarce water resources,serious seasonal and inter-annual variations and quality deficiencies in t...The large concentration of human population,industry and services in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona has to confront scarce water resources,serious seasonal and inter-annual variations and quality deficiencies in the sources.A large fraction of these water resources are in the medium-size Llobregat River basin and the remaining ones correspond to a surface water transfer,seawater desalination and wastewater reclamation.Groundwater dominated water resources availability before 1950.Afterwards,water supply has evolved progressively to integrated water resources management,which includes serious water quality concerns to deal with population density,river pollution,seawater intrusion in the main aquifer,and brine generation in the mid Llobregat basin due to old mining of saline minerals.The role of the alluvial aquifers has progressively evolved from being the main water source to reserve storage to cope with seasonal and drought water resources availability.River-enhanced recharge and artificial recharge are needed to assure enough groundwater storage before surface water becomes scarce and/or suffers a serious temporal loss of quality.Enhanced river recharge started in 1950.Treated river water injection in dual-purpose wells was put into operation in the early 1970s.Basin and pond recharge was added later,as well as a deep well injection barrier along the coast to reduce seawater intrusion and to allow increased groundwater abstraction in moments of water scarcity.There is a progressive evolution from solving water quantity problems to consideration of water quality improvement during recharge,with attention to emergent concern pollutants in river water and in reclaimed water to be considered for artificial recharge.Improvement of artificial recharge operation activities has been introduced and research is being carried out on the difficult behavior to degrade organic pollutants during infiltration and in the terrain.This paper presents the different activities carried out and presents the research activities,and comments on the economic,social and administrative issues involved as well.展开更多
An intensively irrigated area in southern part of Punjab Province,Pakistan,has been selected by the Punjab Irrigation Department(PID)to implement a Managed Aquifer Recharge(MAR)project.This project involves diverting ...An intensively irrigated area in southern part of Punjab Province,Pakistan,has been selected by the Punjab Irrigation Department(PID)to implement a Managed Aquifer Recharge(MAR)project.This project involves diverting floodwater from the Islam Headwork on Sutlej River into the abandoned Mailsi Canal.Utilizing various structures such as depressions,abandoned canals,flood channels,open fields,and deserts for MAR can reduce the flood intensity while recharging aquifer and wetlands.The study area,known for its fertile lands and serving as a food basket for the Punjab Province,is experiencing groundwa-ter depletion at the rate of 0.30 m to 0.70 m per year,significantly increasing pumping costs.This study aims to evaluate the suitability of the sites for the MAR project and assess the storage capacity of the aquifer for floodwater retention.Historical groundwater level data from 25 observation wells across an area of 1,522 km^(2)were analysed,with the study area divided in to 25 polygons using ArcMap10.6 software.Specific yield method was employed to assess the available storage capacity of the aquifer.Results indicate that the site is suitable for MAR and has the potential to store approximately 1.88 km3 of floodwater as of 2020,thereby reducing flood intensity and enhancing eco-hydrogeological conditions.MAR is identified as a Nature-Based Solution(NBS)for both flood mitigation and groundwater sustainability.展开更多
基金supported by German Federal Ministry of Education and Research(BMBF),project number 01LN1311A。
文摘Groundwater is of fundamental significance for human society,especially in semi-arid areas in China.However,due to the fast social and economic development,China has been suffering from the shortage of water resource.In this situation,managed aquifer recharge(MAR)was considered to be an effective measure for the sustainable management of groundwater resources.Since 1960 s,China successfully implemented many MAR schemes for different purposes such as restoration of groundwater tables,prevention of seawater intrusion,increasing urban water supplies and controlling land subsidence.From those successful experiences China developed a scientific and applicable system to implement MAR project.However,there were still many challenges in this field,for example,treated waste water had been barely used for recharge.The present review summarized the achievements in MAR applications in China as well as the associated challenges within the past 55 years before the year 2016.
文摘Until the early 1990s the Azraq basin in Jordan was covered by a huge wetland in the central parts representing a source of fresh water for all purposes. The presence of such wetland in the desert created a natural pathway for migratory birds. Man made and natural impacts caused severe depletion of this basin and the oasis disappeared in the early 1990s. Under a GIS environment MAR layers were prepared for the Azraq basin. MAR mapping showed a very high and high potentials over 20.55% and 61.63% of the total basin area respectively;while the low potential areas represent only 4.03% of the total area.
基金supported by the USAID (United States Agency for International Development)-FABRI (Further Advancing the Blue Revolution Initiative) and the MENA NWC (Middle East and North Africa Network of Water Centers of Excellence) (1001626-104)the support of Sultan Qaboos University+1 种基金the Ministry of Regional MunicipalitiesWater Resources in Oman
文摘This study explored the hydrological and economic feasibility of managed aquifer recharge(MAR) using tertiary treated wastewater(TWW) to mitigate salinity in the coastal aquifer of Jamma, Oman. A steady-state groundwater flow and transport model, using MODFLOW software, was developed and calibrated. Different managerial scenarios were simulated and the results reveal that the Jamma aquifer will be further deteriorated in the next 20 a if it remains unmanaged. The groundwater table will decline further by more than 3 m on average; and the iso-concentration salinity line of 1500 mg/L will advance 2.7 km inland, which will severely affect the farming activities in the area. However, MAR using TWW when integrated with the management of groundwater abstraction(e.g., using modern irrigation systems to reduce the abstraction rate) becomes hydrologically feasible to augment the aquifer storage and control seawater intrusion, and hence improves the farming activities. The results indicate that:(1) injecting TWW in the vicinity of irrigation wells(Scenario A2);(2) investing in smart water meters and online control of pumping from the wells to reduce the abstraction rate by 25%(Scenario B); and(3) a combination of both(Scenario B2) are feasible scenarios with positive net present values. Recharge in upstream areas is found not economically feasible because of the very high investment cost of the installation of pipes to transport the TWW over a distance of 12.5 km. Because of securing funds are challenging, Scenario B would be the best option and the second-best option is Scenario A2. Scenario B2 has the lowest net benefit investment ratio and is very attractive because it entails integrated demand and supply management of groundwater. It is required to reduce pumping and to invest in injecting TWW to improve groundwater quality in the vicinity of irrigation wells and to form a hydrological barrier to control seawater intrusion in the long run.
文摘The article deals with the feasibility of using the recent geological formations in the eastern Jordan Valley for water storage through artificial recharge due to water scarcity and water needs in this area. Water storage in surface reservoirs in arid and semi-arid areas is afflicted with a variety of issues such as high evaporation, eutrophication processes and exposure to contamination and accidents. Dams to capture all rare-event floods are, generally, big and expensive structures. Artificially recharging aquifers and storing the water in the underground offer a competing alternative. In this study, hydrogeological, geological, geophysical and hydrochemical investigations were carried out to study the potentials of the eastern side of the Lower Jordan Valley for artificial recharge. The results reveal that relatively extended areas on the eastern side of the Lower Jordan Valley have the potential to accommodate large amounts of recharge water and that the impacts of artificially storing the water in aquifers are to be judged very positive compared to surface storage, especially when the amounts of available recharge water can quantitatively be accommodated in recharge facilities. In addition, the study shows, the advantages of underground water storage compared to surface storage in dams. The potential storage capacities in the different parts of the Lower Jordan Valley are quantified based on rechargeable aquifer volumes and porosities. The potential uses of the recharged water are also elaborated on depending on recharge and aquifer water qualities.
文摘The Upper Chao Phraya River Basin, Thailand, has been facing continuous groundwater level decreases due to over-extraction for irrigation. MAR （managed aquifer recharge） using infiltration pond was investigated and constructed. A recharge experiment at the pilot site at Ban Nong Na, Phitsanulok Province, was conducted during 2009 to 2011 to mitigate the declining shallow groundwater level. The HELP3 and MODFLOW models were applied to explore the current groundwater recharge. The MODFLOW was used to simulate the recharge mechanism of the experiment in the 1,260 m2 infiltration pond during July to November, 2010. The simulated results showed the groundwater influx and outflux for the year 2010 were 1.34 Mm3 1.57 Mm3, respectively. The annual shallow groundwater extraction was 1.40 Mm3 resulting in the groundwater system deficit of 0.23 Mm3 and causing groundwater level decline at the rate of 0.25 m/yr. The critical zone with groundwater level deeper than 8 m from the ground surface covers 19% of the study area of 4.12 km2 and it would be increased up to 85% within the next 10 years （2020）. To achieve the groundwater system balance, the deficit amount of 0.23 Mm3 is needed and six infiltration ponds are required.
文摘The large concentration of human population,industry and services in the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona has to confront scarce water resources,serious seasonal and inter-annual variations and quality deficiencies in the sources.A large fraction of these water resources are in the medium-size Llobregat River basin and the remaining ones correspond to a surface water transfer,seawater desalination and wastewater reclamation.Groundwater dominated water resources availability before 1950.Afterwards,water supply has evolved progressively to integrated water resources management,which includes serious water quality concerns to deal with population density,river pollution,seawater intrusion in the main aquifer,and brine generation in the mid Llobregat basin due to old mining of saline minerals.The role of the alluvial aquifers has progressively evolved from being the main water source to reserve storage to cope with seasonal and drought water resources availability.River-enhanced recharge and artificial recharge are needed to assure enough groundwater storage before surface water becomes scarce and/or suffers a serious temporal loss of quality.Enhanced river recharge started in 1950.Treated river water injection in dual-purpose wells was put into operation in the early 1970s.Basin and pond recharge was added later,as well as a deep well injection barrier along the coast to reduce seawater intrusion and to allow increased groundwater abstraction in moments of water scarcity.There is a progressive evolution from solving water quantity problems to consideration of water quality improvement during recharge,with attention to emergent concern pollutants in river water and in reclaimed water to be considered for artificial recharge.Improvement of artificial recharge operation activities has been introduced and research is being carried out on the difficult behavior to degrade organic pollutants during infiltration and in the terrain.This paper presents the different activities carried out and presents the research activities,and comments on the economic,social and administrative issues involved as well.
文摘An intensively irrigated area in southern part of Punjab Province,Pakistan,has been selected by the Punjab Irrigation Department(PID)to implement a Managed Aquifer Recharge(MAR)project.This project involves diverting floodwater from the Islam Headwork on Sutlej River into the abandoned Mailsi Canal.Utilizing various structures such as depressions,abandoned canals,flood channels,open fields,and deserts for MAR can reduce the flood intensity while recharging aquifer and wetlands.The study area,known for its fertile lands and serving as a food basket for the Punjab Province,is experiencing groundwa-ter depletion at the rate of 0.30 m to 0.70 m per year,significantly increasing pumping costs.This study aims to evaluate the suitability of the sites for the MAR project and assess the storage capacity of the aquifer for floodwater retention.Historical groundwater level data from 25 observation wells across an area of 1,522 km^(2)were analysed,with the study area divided in to 25 polygons using ArcMap10.6 software.Specific yield method was employed to assess the available storage capacity of the aquifer.Results indicate that the site is suitable for MAR and has the potential to store approximately 1.88 km3 of floodwater as of 2020,thereby reducing flood intensity and enhancing eco-hydrogeological conditions.MAR is identified as a Nature-Based Solution(NBS)for both flood mitigation and groundwater sustainability.
