Regeneration Potential of Woody Species at the Side of Secondary Roads Post-Logging of Loundoungou-Toukoulaka Forest Management Unit, Republic of the Congo

Natural regeneration is the basis of a dynamic and demographic balance of plant populations. The objective of this study was to assess the natural regeneration potential of woody species along secondary roads post-logging abandoned since 2008 and 2018. In the two Annual Allowable Cuts (AAC 2008 and AAC 2018), 24 regenerating sub-plots (i.e. 12 sub-plots for AAC 2008 and 12 sub-plots for AAC 2018) with a unit area of 5 m × 5 m were delimited with a total area of 0.06 ha (i.e. 0.03 ha for each AAC). The abundance and diversity of woody species were respectively inventoried and estimated. Two estimators of the specific richness were used to estimate the floristic diversity of each Annual Allowable Cuts (AAC). The results reveal globally 88 woody species in the AAC 2008 and 241 woody species in the AAC 2018, with respective average densities of 2933 stem/ha and 8033 stem/ha. There was a very highly significant difference between the mean densities of the two AAC (Kruskal-Wallis test;H = 2.36, p-value < 0.000). The results also highlight a great diversity and a relatively high abundance of woody species in the 2018 AAC compared to the 2008 AAC. Also, the spatial structuring of the sub-plots on the basis of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrates that the floristic composition of the two AAC is globally different. The study suggests silvicultural interventions and the long-term assessment of regenerating woody species along abandoned secondary roads in order to guarantee the sustainable management of their population.

Power management unit chip design for automobile active-matrix organic light-emitting diode display module

A power management unit （PMU） chip supplying dual panel supply voltage, which has a low electro-magnetic interference （EMI） characteristic and is favorable for miniaturization, is designed. A two-phase charge pump circuit using external pumping capacitor increases its pumping current and works out the charge-loss problem by using bulk-potential biasing circuit. A low-power start-up circuit is also proposed to reduce the power consumption of the band-gap reference voltage generator. And the ring oscillator used in the ELVSS power circuit is designed with logic devices by supplying the logic power supply to reduce the layout area. The PMU chip is designed with MagnaChip＇s 0.25 μ high-voltage process. The driving currents of ELVDD and ELVSS are more than 50 mA when a SPICE simulation is done.

Mapping regional forest management units:a road-based framework in Southeastern Coastal Plain and Piedmont

Management practices are one of the most important factors affecting forest structure and function.Landowners in southern United States manage forests using appropriately sized areas,to meet management objectives that include economic return,sustainability,and esthetic enjoyment.Road networks spatially designate the socioenvironmental elements for the forests,which represented and aggregated as forest management units.Road networks are widely used for managing forests by setting logging roads and firebreaks.We propose that common types of forest management are practiced in road-delineated units that can be determined by remote sensing satellite imagery coupled with crowd-sourced road network datasets.Satellite sensors do not always capture roadcaused canopy openings,so it is difficult to delineate ecologically relevant units based only on satellite data.By integrating citizen-based road networks with the National Land Cover Database,we mapped road-delineated management units across the regional landscape and analyzed the size frequency distribution of management units.We found the road-delineated units smaller than 0.5 ha comprised 64%of the number of units,but only0.98%of the total forest area.We also applied a statistical similarity test(Warren's Index)to access the equivalency of road-delineated units with forest disturbances by simulating a serious of neutral landscapes.The outputs showed that the whole southeastern U.S.has the probability of road-delineated unit of 0.44 and production forests overlapped significantly with disturbance areas with an average probability of 0.50.

The Poorly Known Northeast Atlantic Regional Management Unit for Loggerhead (Caretta caretta)

Loggerheads are distributed by ten Regional Management Units (RMUs) worldwide. The Atlantic Ocean houses three of these: the Northwest, Southwest and Northeast RMUs. The most studied is, so far, the Northwest RMU, but the other two have focused attention of researchers. In contrast, marine turtles from the African Atlantic region (Southeast) belong to a complex but little-known region. What is their role in the Atlantic? Are these RMUs connected? To understand these questions, research was made of reports and publications concerning the Northeast Atlantic (NEA) RMU. The asymmetry in information and available knowledge about NEA is high when compared to other RMUs. This demonstrates that there is still a lack of conservation programs besides Cape Verde, and that there is difficulty in transforming data (nesting ecology, molecular, telemetry, etc.) into publications. However, this issue is evident for other marine turtle species of East African Atlantic. There is a need for better scientific support, to enable local conservation programs to deliver data in reports, and even scientific publications. There are so many aspects of loggerhead’s life cycle that will only be unravelled by more and better supported studies. This is a paper that, by analysing the available information of the NEA loggerhead RMU, reflects the following steps to address in loggerhead conservation for the African Atlantic coast.

An Integrated Power Management Unit for a Battery-Operated Wireless Endoscopic System

This paper presents an integrated power management unit （PMU） for a battery-operated wireless endoscopic system. This PMU is integrated with a baseband chip in standard 0.18μm CMOS technology,promising low cost, ease in PCB design, and a minimum in system size. The optimized power supply architecture is derived from comparison. Circuits of sub blocks are presented in detail. As a result, only five small off-chip capacitances are required by PMU with an overall quiet current consumption of less than 100μA. Moreover,a digital calibration method is adopted to alleviate the effect of process variation. The achieved performance is also demonstrated with corresponding measurement results.

Responding to fire in an intensive care unit: Management and lessons learned

Healthcare institutions are vulnerable to disruptionfrom events such as earthquakes, fires, and floods, andthe damage incurred can endanger the lives of patientsin the hospital.[1] In this type of scenario hospital staffhave primary responsibility for the hospitalized patients＇safety, since patients are neither fit to respond to sucha disaster, nor do they know how to respond.[2,3] Thesituation becomes more difficult and challenging if thedisaster occurs in critical care areas such as intensivecare units （ICUs） and operating rooms.

United Nations International Conference on Space-based Technologies for Disaster Management Held in Beijing

The United Nations International Conference on Space-based Technologies for Disaster Management, "Risk Assessment in the Context of Global Climate Change", was held in Beijing during November 7-9, 2012. The conference was co-organized by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs (UNOOSA) and the Ministry of Civil affairs (MCA) of the People's Republic of China, in collaboration with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of PRC, China National Space Administration (CNSA),

Improved Approaches to Calculating Dilution and Attenuation Factor in Contaminant Hydrogeology

Dilution and attenuation factor (DAF) has a major influence on soil-to-groundwater screening level calculation for protection of contaminant migration from soil into groundwater at solid waste management units (SWMUs). Risk assessment guidance prepared by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency for site investigation and remediation suggests a default DAF of 20. If the base assumptions included in the default DAF are recognized to be not representative of site conditions at a SWMU, calculation of site-specific DAF is recommended when sufficient data are collected to justify using a different DAF value for development of soil screening levels. Commonly used methods of calculating DAF include analytical and numerical simulations that often require too many parameters to be obtained in practice. This paper proposes a probability method to develop site-specific DAF. The approach uses data that are readily available through field reconnaissance and site-specific investigation. A case study is presented in which the probability method was applied to an actual SWMU, and the calculated DAF is compared with that calculated from a dilution method. The probability-based DAF is 67 at 90% probability percentile, which is comparable to the dilution-based DAF of 76. Based on the calculated site-specific DAFs, SSLs could be developed for the contaminants of potential concern and used for evaluation of migration pathways from a contamination source through soil to groundwater. .

Measures to strengthen engineering quality supervision in construction management

With the continuous advancement of China's urbanization process,the demand for construction projects is increasing,which is both an opportunity and a challenge for construction companies.If the enterprises themselves can grasp the background and policy conditions to maintain a high level of construction engineering,then its enterprise benefits and future development prospects will be excellent.However,there are also many companies whose own reputation and actual benefits have been affected for poor engineering quality caused by poor construction management.This is exactly what we must pay attention to.This article will analyse and explore the relevant work to improve the engineering quality of different phases of engineering construction and to guide the management of the construction unit in the future from the perspective of the construction unit to strengthen the project quality supervision.

Genetic diversity and differentiation of the Dybowski's frog(Rana dybowskii) in Northeast China

The genetic diversity and population structure of the Dybowski＇s frog（Rana dybowskii） were investigated by using 11 polymorphic microsatellite loci.Total 75 individuals were sampled from six populations in Lesser Khingan Mountains and Changbai Mountains,China.Results showed that allele number of the 11 microsatellite loci was in the range of 2-10 in all populations,with the mean of 5.6.The average expected heterozygosity（HE） was 0.572,indicating a moderate polymorphism.The results of genetic differentiation coefficient（FST） showed that population genetic differentiation was significant between Changbai and Lesser Khingan Mountains（p〈0.001）.This result was verified further by Nei＇s genetic distance（DA） based on UPGMA phy-logenetic trees and by AMOVA analysis.In conclusion,the populations distributed in Lesser Khingan Mountains and Changbai Mountain are proposed to be two distinct management units（MUs） for their protection and management.

The research of controller area network on hybrid electrical vehicle

It is of increasing importance to design and implement vehicle networks for transferring information between electrical control units on Hybrid Electrical Vehicle （HEV）. This paper presents a scheme of using Controller Area Network （CAN） technology to realize communication and datasharing between the electrical units on the HEV. The principle and communication protocol of Electrical Control Units （ECU） CAN node are introduced. By considering different sensitivity of the devices to the latency of data transportation, a new design procedure is proposed for the purpose of simplifying network codes and wiring harness, reducing assembly space and weight, improving assembly efficiency, and enhancing fault-diagnose in auto networks.

International Processes on Criteria and Indicators for Sustainable Forest Management and their Influences on China

Currently more attention has been paid to sustainable forest management (SFM) all over the world. The paper gives the presentation of criteria and indicators (C & I) for SFM at international, national, regional and management unit levels. Under the international framework, the paper summarizes the developing situation of C & I for SFM in China and gives the suggestion on how to promote its development.

Delirium in Intensive Care Unit Patients： Ten Important Points of Understanding

INTRODUCTION Delirium is a significant independent indicator of poor prognoses for critically ill patients （including in-hospital mortality, prolonged hospitalization, increased medical costs, and long-term cognitive impairment）. Intensive care medicine experts have been paying attention to and carried out research on delirium for better prediction, prevention, management, and treatment, and even better prognosis of patients in critical condition. Based on the latest findings of theoretical research and in combination with clinical experience, literature on delirium has been reviewed and ten points of basic understanding of delirium in critically ill patients have been identified.

A low power bandgap reference with buffer working in the sub-threshold region for energy harvesting systems

We propose a bandgap reference, which works in sub-threshold regions to the reduce power consumption in applications such as those in energy harvesting systems that stimulate the development of power management for low power consumption applications.Measurements shows that the supply current of the proposed bandgap reference is only 6.87 μA, including a voltage buffer consuming 3.6 μA of supply current, when the supply voltage is 5 V.The supply voltage can vary from 3 to 11 V and the line regulation of the proposed bandgap reference output voltage is 0.875 mV/V at room temperature.The temperature coefficiency is 88.9 ppm from 10 to 100° C when the supply voltage is 5 V.