Recommendations for Construction and Management of Ecological Public Welfare Forest in Hainan Province

This paper firstly evaluated ecological service functions of ecological public welfare forest in Hainan Province. Then,it introduced value structure and existing problems of ecological service functions. Focusing on optimization and adjustment of scale and distribution of ecological public welfare forest,it came up with recommendations for construction and management of ecological public welfare forest in Hainan Province.

Indigenous People’s Contribution to the Mitigation of Climate Variation, Their Perception, and Organizing Strategy for Sustainable Community Based Forest Resources Management in <i>Caraballo</i>Mountain, Philippines

The focus of the study is to measure the level of awareness of Indigenous People on Climate Variation. It inquired into their observations and organizing strategy to cope with the early impacts of climate change on their socio-economic and cultural beliefs. The organization’s adaptation and mitigation practices to protect the environment are also discussed using as basis of analysis the multi-stakeholders framework of forest protection. The study documented and recognized the Indigenous Peoples contributions to the preservation and protection of forest resources in Caraballo mountain and a shift in paradigm to Indigenous People’s centered forest resources management is recommended.

Construction and Management of Public Welfare Forest in Hainan Province

Through investigating ecological service functions of public welfare forest in Hainan Province, this paper explored type constitution and problems of its ecological service functional value, optimization of its scale and layout, promoted effective protection and benign development, and proposed strategies for the construction and management of public welfare forest in Hainan Province.

Present situation and prospects of forest ecological network in Jilin Province, China

This paper makes a brief introduction of the ecological environment, forestry achievements, and the existing questions of Jilin Province. The task of forest ecological network and eight questions demanding prompt solution were discussed based on the present situation of forestry in Jilin Province. The author also made prospects for future application of bio-technique, infor-mation technology, new material technology and nuisance-free forest health technology in forest ecological network.

Investigating the causes of Lake Urmia shrinkage:climate change or anthropogenic factors?

In the current scenario,Lake Urmia,one of the vastest hyper saline lakes on the Earth,has been affected by serious environmental degradation.Using different satellite images and observational data,this study investigated the changes in the lake for the period 1970–2020 based on the effects of climate change and several human-induced processes on Lake Urmia,such as population growth,excessive dam construction,low irrigation water use efficiency,poor water resources management,increased sediment flow into the lake,and lack of political and legal frameworks.The results indicated that between 1970 and 1997,the process of change in Lake Urmia was slow;however;the shrinkage was faster between 1998 and 2018,with about 30.00%of the lake area disappearing.As per the findings,anthropogenic factors had a much greater impact on Lake Urmia than climate change and prolonged drought;the mismanagement of water consumption in the agricultural sector and surface and underground water withdrawals in the basin have resulted in a sharp decrease in the lake's surface.These challenges have serious implications for water resources management in Lake Urmia Basin.Therefore,we provided a comprehensive overview of anthropogenic factors on the changes in Lake Urmia along with existing opportunities for better water resources management in Lake Urmia Basin.This study serves as a guideline framework for climate scientists and hydrologists in order to assess the effects of different factors on lake water resources and for decision-makers to formulate strategies and plans according to the management task.

Utilisation and Management Changes in South Kyrgyzstan's Mountain Forests

Using political ecology as its conceptual framework,this paper focuses on the changes in forest utilisation and management of South Kyrgyzstan’s walnut-fruit forests over the last century. The aim of this study on human-environment interactions is to investigate the relationship between actors on the one side,their interests and demands,and the forests and forested lands on the other. Forest resource utilisation and management — and even the recognition of different forest products as resources — are connected with political and socio-economic conditions that change with time. The walnut-fruit forests of South Kyrgyzstan are unique,characterised by high biodiversity and a multiplicity of usable products;and they have been utilised for a long time. Centralised and formal management of the forests started with the Russian occupation and was strengthened under Soviet rule,when the region became a part of the USSR. During this era,a state forest administration that was structured from Moscow all the way down to the local level drew up detailed plans and developed procedures for utilising the different forest products. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union,the socio-political and economic frame conditions have changed significantly,which has brought not only the sweeping changes in the managing institutions,but also the access rights and interests in the forest resources. At present,the region is suffering from a high unemployment rate,which has resulted in the forests’ gaining considerable importance in the livelihood strategies of the local population. Political and economic liberalization,increased communication and trans-regional exchange relations have opened the door for international companies and agents interested in the valuable forest products. Today,walnut wood and burls,walnuts,wild apples and mushrooms are all exported to various countries in the world. Scientists and members of various international organisations stress the ecological value of the forests and are trying to establish nature conservation areas. Nevertheless,it is to fear that a multiplicity of interrelated factors — the present transformation and globalization processes,the appearance of new actors,the local population’s insecure economic situation and the erosion of managing institutions — are all leading to an intensified and unregulated exploitation of the forests,resulting in their degradation.

Contribution of Sumalindo Company:In Managing Forest Resources with Local Communities:Mahakam Ulu-East Kalimantan

The role of HPH(Forest Logging Concession)in developing rural communities is very significant.SLJ(Sumalindo Lestari Jaya)as HPH company has an important contribution in empowering local communities,especially in opening land transportation in the interior and helping to build agriculture and gardens.The existence of Sumalindo company participates in developing forest resource management with local communities,among others,increasing livelihoods,maintaining and developing biodiversity conservation and maintaining climate change.These efforts are in accordance with the regulations of the KLHK(Ministry of Environment and Forestry),that every HPH holder is required(mandatory)to obtain a certificate of“PHAPL”(Sustainable Production Natural Forest Management)and an“eco label”from the Indonesian Eco Label Institute.Besides,it is recommended that the holders of HPH concessions and HTI(Industrial Timber Plantations)have an FSC(Forest Stewardship Council)certificate from the EU(European Union),and must meet three indicator elements,namely economic,social and ecological in SFM(Sustainable Forest Management).This article examines three critical questions that show the role of Sumalindo Company in economic,ecological and social development and managing forest resources with the community as follows:(1)The role of Sumalindo company contributes to the development of road infrastructure in the interior;(2)The role of Sumalindo in improving livelihoods and economic and social empowerment of local communities;(3)The role of Sumalindo with local communities in managing forest resources,including maintaining and developing biodiversity conservation and maintaining climate change.

Changes and development plans in the mountain villages of South Korea:Comparison of the first and second national surveys

Owing to the geographic disadvantages of mountain villages, the social, cultural, and economic conditions of mountain villagers are inferior to those of urban dwellers in South Korea. Thus, in 1995, the The government of South Korea launched a mountain village development support program to promote agriculture and forestry, balance national land development, and preserve cultural heritage. The program was effectively implemented, improving the income, population size, and living conditions of villagers in addition to setting up a system for stable project implementation. However, concerns were raised about long-term development planning, the creation and marketing of specialty brands, facility management/operation, and follow-up support. The government conducted surveys of mountain villagers in 2003 and 2014, obtaining basic data to address these issues. This study evaluates the outcomes of these two surveys, suggesting areas requiring focusedaction, concentrating on village development projects, forest resource distribution and use, demographic trends, the economy, exchange with urban areas, green tourism, and master planning. We find that despite growth in the forest labor force, forest ownership is diminishing in terms of the number and scale of holdings. Consequently, it is necessary to commercialize forest resources, establish favorable settlement conditions, and expand government support for village-run projects. In addition, systematic forest management for older tree age classes would benefit the public and provide assets for future mountain village development. Our results are expected to provide baseline information for the establishment and efficient implementation of mountain village development policy.

Fungal diversity and community composition responses to the reintroduction of fire in a non-managed Mediterranean shrubland ecosystem

Background:More than a decade of fire suppression has changed the structure of fire-adapted shrubland ecosystems in Spain’s National Parks,which are now at extreme risk of uncontrolled wildfires.Prescribed burning can mitigate the risk of wildfires by reducing the fuel load but prescribed burning may also alter the soil properties and reduce microbial and fungal activity,causing changes in the availability of nutrients deep in the soil layer.Although fungal communities are a vital part of post-fire restoration,some fire effects remain unclear.To examine the short-term effects of prescribed burning on soil fungal communities in Doñana Biological Reserve(SW Spain),we collected soil samples pre-burn and 1 day,6 and 12 months post-burn from burned plots to perform physicochemical and metabarcode DNA analyses.Results:Prescribed burning had no significant effect on the total fungal operational taxonomic unit richness and abundance.However,changes in soil pH,nitrogen and potassium content post-burn affected fungal community composition.Small non-significant changes in pH and phosphorous affected the composition of ectomycorrhizal fungi.Conclusions:The ectomycorrhizal fungal community appears to be resilient to the effects of low-to moderate-intensity fires and saprotrophic taxa may benefit from this kind of fire.This finding revealed that prescribed burning is a potentially valuable management tool for reducing fire hazards in shrublands that has little effect on the total richness and abundance of fungal communities.

森林可持续经营和生态文明建设

2007年,党的十七大报告第一次明确提出了建设生态文明。习近平总书记继承发展了国内外已经积累的认识和经验,形成了习近平生态文明思想,比国际上有共识的可持续发展理念提高了一步,在认识上更深刻,在范畴上更全面,也更有利于贯彻落实。生态保护建设是生态文明建设的基础性工作,对生态保护和建设的关系必须要实事求是地、辩证地分析,既不能不重视自然保护,过多人为干扰,也不能以自然封禁作为绝对手段,不重视对自然生态系统兼用人为保育修复和建设的措施。“山水林田湖草沙是生命共同体”和“绿水青山就是金山银山”是习近平生态文明思想中的两个突出的理念亮点,山水林田湖草是区域层次生态系统的主要组分,习近平总书记“两山”理论中的“绿水青山”就是指良好的山水林田湖草自然综合体,需要处理好“绿水青山”和“金山银山”之间的关系。搞好自然生态系统的可持续经营是从“绿水青山”转变为“金山银山”的应有之义,这也是把可持续发展理念纳入到生态文明建设中来的关键。以森林生态系统为例,可持续经营就是在维持其可持续性的同时综合发挥其服务功能,在优先发挥其生态功能的同时还能取得一定的物质产品和文化产品,产生足够的经济效益和社会文化效益,只有这样,才能使“绿水青山”真正变为“金山银山”。

18世纪中叶以来天山北麓水利制度变革与生态环境变迁——以宽沟小流域为中心的考察

生态环境问题不仅制约着经济发展也危及人类生存安全,对生态环境变迁原因的探讨是解决生态环境恶化问题进而实现生态文明建设的前提。本文以18世纪中叶以来天山北麓宽沟小流域水利开发的过程为例,结合史料文献、档案资料和田野调查材料,从制度视角讨论资源利用与生态环境变迁之间的关系,以此回应政治生态学的相关研究,深化对生态环境变迁的认识。通过对宽沟个案的分析发现,水利制度变革与生态环境变迁是一对互构的关系,即水利制度通过作用于水资源开发进而影响生态环境,每一次的环境变化又会引起相应的制度反思,从而产生新的制度,而此过程中制度实践者的抉择是关键。因此,应将地方群体的抉择纳入历时与共时的双重维度下探讨制度与环境变迁的相互过程。

生态银行大数据平台赋能森林资源信息管理研究

本研究聚焦森林资源领域,通过分析福建顺昌、江西资溪、北京门头沟三地搭建的生态银行大数据平台中的森林资源管理利用模式,阐述顺昌县森林资源统计、资溪县林业金融创新、门头沟区林业碳汇交易案例。通过探索基于生态资源管理大数据平台建设推动森林资源管理的积极意义,为建设生态资源管理大数据体系提供参考。

曲靖市森林资源统一管护体系建设思考

文章通过分析曲靖市森林资源管护现状以及当前管护工作中存在的问题,提出整合各类管护项目的管护任务、资金及人员,建立森林资源统一管护体系,合理划定管护责任区,优化管护模式,加强管护基础设施及现代信息化建设等建议,旨在为提高森林资源管护效果提供参考。

基于随机森林分类模型填补森林资源连续清查缺失因子

森林资源连续清查是评估林业生态建设成效和制定发展战略的重要依据。然而,由于监测体系和不同时期需求的升级,清查数据存在调查因子不连贯的问题。基于华东地区六省一市第六期至第九期清查数据,根据五个林分结构缺失因子和不同因子之间的相关性选取特征因子,采用随机森林分类模型填补缺失因子并分析特征因子的重要性。结果显示:(1)缺失因子和当期因子之间的相关系数普遍高于后期因子,其中植被类型、树种结构和其他相关因子的平均相关系数为0.868和0.733,显著高于其他三个缺失因子;(2)所有随机森林分类模型的准确度均达到0.770以上,并且在省级和县级尺度都具有出色的外部有效性,其中相关性系数高的缺失因子对应的模型准确度也相对更高;(3)特征因子重要性结果与相关性分析的结果基本吻合,显示特征因子组合中当期因子的占比高有助于提高模型填补性能,此外缺失因子本身对应的后一期数值对提高模型填补性能的贡献较大。研究可用于完善森林资源动态监测数据库,为科学评估我国生态保护建设成效以及完善森林分类经营管理制度提供支撑。在未来的研究中,基于国家森林高质量发展的基本策略,通过严密的实验设计评估我国森林分类经营制度的建设成效,对于完善我国森林生态效益补偿制度,建立稳定、健康、优质、高效的森林生态系统具有至关重要的作用。

危机情境下领导意义给赋对下属变革担当行为的影响研究——基于意义建构理论视角

员工变革担当行为在提高员工工作绩效,提升其工作满意度和情感承诺,激励员工工作投入,促进其职业发展等方面具有积极作用。危机情境中下属变革担当行为可能是通过“领导意义给赋→下属意义重构→下属变革担当”的机制产生的。领导角色榜样是领导意义给赋对下属变革担当行为作用机制的边界条件。文章以有调节的双中介模型为基础,通过对288份领导—下属配对问卷的统计分析发现,领导意义给赋对下属变革担当行为具有促进作用;下属的建设性责任知觉及组织贡献期望感知在二者关系中起中介作用;领导角色榜样对领导意义给赋与建设性责任知觉的关系具有调节作用,同时调节了建设性责任知觉的中介效应。具体而言,领导展现的角色榜样越强,领导意义给赋行动就越能激发下属的建设性责任知觉,让他们更愿意进行主动变革担当。

西北地区森林管护面临的困境及对策

介绍了西北地区森林资源现状,阐述了森林资源在西北地区的作用,包括改善生态环境和增加社会效益,分析了森林资源管护中面临的人才、投资力度、管护制度和管护意识等方面的困境,从人才专业队伍建设,资金投入,管护制度,宣传与防护技术等方面,提出了加强森林资源管护措施。

隧道施工扰动下排水水质及环境影响初探

从环境科学的角度对中国安能集团第三工程局有限公司成都分公司在进行类似西气东输工程的隧道施工排水过程中水质变化及其环境影响进行了初步探讨。研究指出,隧道施工排水活动显著改变了排水区域的水质参数,包括但不限于pH值的变化、悬浮物的增加以及重金属的潜在释放。此外,排水对地下水流动模式造成的改变可能对周边生态系统和地下水资源产生长远影响。针对上述问题,提出了一系列施工排水管理措施,包括水质处理、水量控制、生态保护和监测预警系统的建立,以及预防和应急响应机制的制定,旨在减少环境影响并促进施工活动与环境保护的协调发展。通过综合性的管理措施,可有效缓解施工排水对环境的不良影响,保护水资源和生态环境,同时确保工程建设的顺利进行。

林草生态保护工作现状与对策

生态保护是国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容,也是实现人与自然和谐相处的重要举措。近年来,我国坚持以生态优先、绿色发展为导向,加强生态保护和修复,林草资源不断增长,森林覆盖率明显提升,草原综合植被盖度持续增加,水土流失面积逐年减少,生态系统质量明显改善。但同时也要看到,林草生态保护工作还存在一些问题和不足,需要不断改进和完善。

绿美广东生态建设背景下高质量森林经营路径

加强森林经营,提高森林质量是现代林业建设的永恒主题。通过回顾广东省森林经营的发展历程,分析新时代森林经营面临的变革,剖析森林经营的发展短板,探讨高质量森林经营的实现路径。

郎川河流域水文特性及气候变化影响研究

文章深入分折了郎川河流域的水文特性及其对气候变化的响应。通过综合分析宣城市2021年和2022年的月平均气温和地表水资源量数据,揭示了气温升高与地表水资源量之间的显著关联。Pearson相关系数分析结果表明,2021年和2022年地表水资源量与月平均气温之间存在强正相关关系(2021年r=0.915,p=3.10e-05;2022年r=0.918,p=2.57e-05)。结果气候变化对地表水资源的直接影响,特别是温度升高对水资源量和分配的显著影响。研究结果为宣城市及类似区域的水资源管理和气候变化适应策略提供了科学依据。