OBJECTIVE Dysfunction of the dopaminergic(DA)neurons is implicated in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder(BPD).Hista⁃mine receptor 2(Hrh2)is highly expressed in DA neurons,and its antagonists have been reported to in...OBJECTIVE Dysfunction of the dopaminergic(DA)neurons is implicated in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder(BPD).Hista⁃mine receptor 2(Hrh2)is highly expressed in DA neurons,and its antagonists have been reported to induce mania phase of BPD.However,whether Hrh2 on DA neurons contributes to BPD patho⁃genesis is unclear.The present study aims to explore the role of hrh2 on DA neurons in the pathology of BPD.METHODS AAV-FLEX-shHrh2 was injected into a targeted brain area of DAT-Cre mice,leading to a selective brain-regional loss of Hrh2 on DA neurons.A series of behavior tests were used to measure the sponta⁃neous activity,anxiety and depression level of Hrh2-deficient mice.RESULTS①In the open field test and home-cage activity test,Hrh2-defi⁃cient mice displayed increased spontaneous activity.②Hrh2-deficient mice showed reduced depression level in the tail suspension test,forced swimming test and sucrose preference test.③The anxiety level of Hrh2-deficient mice was decreased in the open field test.CONCLU⁃SION Hrh2 on DA neurons is closely related with mania-like behavior.展开更多
<strong>Background:</strong> Ictal psychosis without remarkable cognitive impairment is uncommon occurrence, presents diagnostic challenges to clinicians, often misdiagnosed as functional psychosis. <st...<strong>Background:</strong> Ictal psychosis without remarkable cognitive impairment is uncommon occurrence, presents diagnostic challenges to clinicians, often misdiagnosed as functional psychosis. <strong>Case Presentation:</strong> We present 3 cases of young adult men admitted to psychiatric ward as functional psychosis. They presented with irritability, physical aggression and mild cognitive impairment with intense emotional symptoms, and persecutory ideas and delusions. Two were wrongly diagnose as mania while the third was mimicking schizophrenia in its presentation. They received antipsychotic treatment and misdiagnosed as functional psychosis. They did not respond well to such treatment, until, series electroencephalograms were taken which revealed evidence of ictal psychosis. All, thence, responded well to addition of antiepileptic treatment. This, not only, proves to be effective, but also determined future management and prognosis. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>These cases shine light onto the role of the frontal cortex in the genesis of quasi-manic episodes and highlight the importance of EEG investigations in first episode of acute psychosis.展开更多
Bipolar disorder is associated with high rates of general medical conditions, but few cases of overlap between bipolar disorder and chronic lymphocytic infammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to s...Bipolar disorder is associated with high rates of general medical conditions, but few cases of overlap between bipolar disorder and chronic lymphocytic infammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids （CLIPPERS） have been reported in the current literature. The following is a case of a 29-year-old patient with a previous major depressive episode comorbid with CLIPPERS. Following glucocorticosteroid therapy, the patient switched to mania-like presentation and was diagnosed with bipolar disorder due to another medical condition. So it is strongly suggested that high-dose corticosteroid pulse therapy could easily induce psychiatric disturbances for patients with previous psychiatric symptoms, and there may be potential links between bipolar disorder and CLIPPERS in the area of infammation.展开更多
Bipolar disorder presents significant challenges in clinical management, characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania often accompanied by impairment in functioning. This study investigates the efficacy...Bipolar disorder presents significant challenges in clinical management, characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania often accompanied by impairment in functioning. This study investigates the efficacy of pharmacological interventions and rehabilitation strategies to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Utilizing a randomized controlled trial with multiple treatment arms, participants will receive pharmacotherapy, polypharmacotherapy, rehabilitation interventions, or combination treatments. Outcome measures will be assessed using standardized scales, including the Hamilton Depression Scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), and Mania Scale. Preliminary data suggest improvements in symptom severity and functional outcomes with combination treatments. This research aims to inform clinical practice, guide treatment decisions, and ultimately enhance the quality of care for individuals living with bipolar disorder. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences to advance knowledge in this field.展开更多
文摘OBJECTIVE Dysfunction of the dopaminergic(DA)neurons is implicated in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder(BPD).Hista⁃mine receptor 2(Hrh2)is highly expressed in DA neurons,and its antagonists have been reported to induce mania phase of BPD.However,whether Hrh2 on DA neurons contributes to BPD patho⁃genesis is unclear.The present study aims to explore the role of hrh2 on DA neurons in the pathology of BPD.METHODS AAV-FLEX-shHrh2 was injected into a targeted brain area of DAT-Cre mice,leading to a selective brain-regional loss of Hrh2 on DA neurons.A series of behavior tests were used to measure the sponta⁃neous activity,anxiety and depression level of Hrh2-deficient mice.RESULTS①In the open field test and home-cage activity test,Hrh2-defi⁃cient mice displayed increased spontaneous activity.②Hrh2-deficient mice showed reduced depression level in the tail suspension test,forced swimming test and sucrose preference test.③The anxiety level of Hrh2-deficient mice was decreased in the open field test.CONCLU⁃SION Hrh2 on DA neurons is closely related with mania-like behavior.
文摘<strong>Background:</strong> Ictal psychosis without remarkable cognitive impairment is uncommon occurrence, presents diagnostic challenges to clinicians, often misdiagnosed as functional psychosis. <strong>Case Presentation:</strong> We present 3 cases of young adult men admitted to psychiatric ward as functional psychosis. They presented with irritability, physical aggression and mild cognitive impairment with intense emotional symptoms, and persecutory ideas and delusions. Two were wrongly diagnose as mania while the third was mimicking schizophrenia in its presentation. They received antipsychotic treatment and misdiagnosed as functional psychosis. They did not respond well to such treatment, until, series electroencephalograms were taken which revealed evidence of ictal psychosis. All, thence, responded well to addition of antiepileptic treatment. This, not only, proves to be effective, but also determined future management and prognosis. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>These cases shine light onto the role of the frontal cortex in the genesis of quasi-manic episodes and highlight the importance of EEG investigations in first episode of acute psychosis.
文摘Bipolar disorder is associated with high rates of general medical conditions, but few cases of overlap between bipolar disorder and chronic lymphocytic infammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids （CLIPPERS） have been reported in the current literature. The following is a case of a 29-year-old patient with a previous major depressive episode comorbid with CLIPPERS. Following glucocorticosteroid therapy, the patient switched to mania-like presentation and was diagnosed with bipolar disorder due to another medical condition. So it is strongly suggested that high-dose corticosteroid pulse therapy could easily induce psychiatric disturbances for patients with previous psychiatric symptoms, and there may be potential links between bipolar disorder and CLIPPERS in the area of infammation.
文摘Bipolar disorder presents significant challenges in clinical management, characterized by recurrent episodes of depression and mania often accompanied by impairment in functioning. This study investigates the efficacy of pharmacological interventions and rehabilitation strategies to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. Utilizing a randomized controlled trial with multiple treatment arms, participants will receive pharmacotherapy, polypharmacotherapy, rehabilitation interventions, or combination treatments. Outcome measures will be assessed using standardized scales, including the Hamilton Depression Scale, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), and Mania Scale. Preliminary data suggest improvements in symptom severity and functional outcomes with combination treatments. This research aims to inform clinical practice, guide treatment decisions, and ultimately enhance the quality of care for individuals living with bipolar disorder. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and scientific conferences to advance knowledge in this field.
