Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials on Manual Therapy for the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Objective The objective of our study was to systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of manual therapy in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),providing a reference value for clinical decision-making.Method Studies of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)evaluating the efficacy of manual therapy in patients with GERD were searched through Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang,ViP China Science and Technology Journal Database,China Biology Medicine Database,PubMed,The Cochrane Library,OviD Medline,and Embase.Two researchers independently reviewed the literature,extracted data,and performed a risk of bias analysis using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool,and conducted meta-analysis analysis and publication bias evaluation,the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)tool 26 was used to rate the caliber of the data in this meta-analysis.Results This study included 11 RCTs.Meta-analysis showed that the manual therapy group had a higher total effective rate(odds ratio[OR]=4.63,95%confidence interval[Cl;3.01,7.14],p<0.00001)and better Reflux Disease Questionnaire scores[weighted mean difference(WMD)=-1.59,95%CI[-2.85,-0.33],p=0.01]than the control group.The subgroup analysis showed significant differences in improving the total effective rate in manual therapy versus Western medicine,manual therapy versus Chinese medicine decoction,manual therapy+Western medicine versus Western medicine,and manual therapy+conventional treatment versus conventional treatment groups.Among the 11 trials,5 reported adverse events,and all RCTs had the possibility of publication bias.Subgroup analysis shows that the differences in age could significantly influence heterogeneity;The GRADE analysis revealed that the overall quality of evidence for all outcome indicators was low and did not support our recommendation for the outcome.Conclusion Manual therapy is more effective than medication therapy alone in relieving GERD symptoms.Furthermore,conventional therapy combined with manual therapy was found to be even more effective.Hence,it is crucial to consider these findings when applying manual therapy to GERD patients to enhance treatment outcomes.Future studies must address issues such as study quality,treatment duration,and generalizability.

Therapeutic effect of manual massage on early postpartum rectus abdominis separation and postpartum depression

BACKGROUND Rectus abdominis separation(DRA)affects pelvic stability and body image.No studies have explored the effects of manual massage on early postpartum DRA and postpartum depression.AIM To analyze the curative effect of massage on early postpartum DRA and its impact on postpartum depression and thus its ability promote the overall psychosomatic rehabilitation of postpartum women.METHODS Data were retrospectively collected on 70 primiparous women with postpartum DRA who underwent rehabilitation at the Postpartum Rehabilitation Center of Huzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from October 2022 to September 2023.The patients were divided into the Group S(35 cases,biomimetic electrical stimulation treatment)and Group L(35 cases,biomimetic electrical stimulation combined with manual massage treatment).Baseline data,the edinburgh postpartum depression scale(EPDS)score,and the visual analog scale(VAS)scores for rectus abdominis distance,waist circumference,and lower back pain before and after treatment were compared.RESULTS No significant differences were found in the baseline data,rectus abdominis distance,waist circumference,and VAS and EPDS scores between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After treatment,the distance between rectus abdominis and waist circumference in Group L were significantly smaller than those in Group S(P<0.05).Furthermore,lower back pain(VAS score)and the EPDS score in Group L were significantly lower than those in Group S(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Manual massage can significantly reduce early postpartum DRA,waist circumference,and back pain and improve the patient’s mental state and postpartum depression.

Translation Theory and Techniques in Optometry Literature: A Case Study of the “Optoform 80 Installation and Maintenance Manual”

Translation of specialized documents in optometry presents unique challenges,requiring a deep understanding of the professional context,terminology,and adherence to specific translation styles.This paper delves into the translation theory and techniques employed in the English-to-Chinese translation of the“Optoform 80 Installation and Maintenance Manual”,serving as a case study.Emphasizing Nida’s theory of functional equivalence,the paper explores the complexities of translating professional optometry literature,focusing on key points and common issues in translating installation and maintenance manuals for optometric devices.Special attention is given to the translation of professional terminology,employing methods such as addition,omission,conversion,and repetition.The translation process aims to meet specific requirements,ensuring accuracy and coherence while aligning with Chinese language conventions.The paper also analyzes translation methods and techniques concerning terminology,prepositions,conjunctions,and handling parallel elements based on practical insights from the Optoform 80 Manual.

Double Take Manual Labour Jobs

The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month we discuss whether highly educated people like college graduates should be doing manual labour work.Before I delve into the topic,I want to clarify that I do not consider manual labour jobs to be inferior or less demanding compared to white collar jobs.In fact,currently there are many services,such as Japanese-style moving,an all-inclusive moving service during which you don’t need to do anything,or repair services dedicated to single women.

Comparison of Manual and Automatic Methods for Measurement of Methane Emission from Rice Paddy Fields

S The methane emission flux from rice paddies was simultaneously measured with automatic and manual methods in the suburban of Suzhou. Both methods were based on the static chamber/GC-FID techniques. Detail analysis of the experimental results indicates: a) The data of methane emission measured with the automatic method is reliable. b) About 11 or 19 o′clock of local time is recommended as the optimum sampling time for the manual spot measurement of methane emission from rice paddies. The methane emission fluxes measured by manual sampling at local time other than the optimum time have to be corrected. The correction coefficient may be determined by automatic and continuous measurement. c) In order to get a more accurate result, an empirical correction factor, such as 18%, is recommended to correct the seasonally total amount of measured methane emission by enlarging the automatically measured data or reducing the manually measured ones.

Shifting force control of an AMT heavy-duty truck based on manual shift test

Taking a heavy-duty truck as a research platform,the changing characteristics of shifting force,shift time,and slipping work are obtained through theoretical analysis and manual shift test of a real vehicle. Based on the analysis of the test results,a gear-shifting control strategy of the hydraulic automated shift control system is designed and experimentally verified on the bench. By optimizing the control parameters of high-speed switching valves,a control strategy and parameters are obtained,which can meet the requirements of dynamic performance and reliability.

Comparison of Effectiveness of Pain Management during Manual Vacuum Aspiration Using Single-Agent Analgesic and Combination: A Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial

Of all the methods available for the management of first trimester miscarriages, manual vacuum aspiration is the safest, cheapest and fastest. However, pain caused by manipulation of cervix and uterine suction makes it uncomfortable. We compared the clinical effectiveness and adverse effects of combination of non-selective COX inhibitor (Diclofenac Sodium 50 mg) and opioid (Pentazocine 60 mg) to commonly used opiod only (Pentazocine 60 mg) in daily practice of pain management for the treatment of incomplete abortion with manual vacuum aspiration. This was a randomized double-blind controlled trial conducted in Gynaecological Emergency clinic of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Kano, Nigeria. Comparison of the level of pain experienced during the procedure revealed statistically significant difference in the level of pain reported among the groups (P-value 0.03). Comparison of severity of pain perception and patients’ satisfaction was found to be negatively related (P < 0.000001). The present study shows that the use of combined analgesia compared to single agent analgesia during MVA is more, safe, significantly reduced pain and improved patient satisfaction during the procedure.

Comparison between Forceps, Single Blade Forceps and Manual Extraction of Fetal Head in Elective Caesarean Section: A Randomized Control Trial—Forceps Delivery in Cesarean Section

Objective: The fundal pressure exerted by the assistant to deliver fetal head is often painful to the patient. This study assesses the use of double blade forceps in delivery of fetal head at time of elective Cesarean Section (CS). Methods: A prospective single-blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted among 150 women with repeat elective CS at Ain Shams university hospital, Air Force Specialized hospital and October 6th university hospital. Women were classified into 3 groups (each 50 women). Forceps group: A double blade of forceps was used without fundal pressure. Single blade group: single blade of forceps was used assisted by fundal pressure. Manual group: manual extraction was used assisted by fundal pressure. The outcome of study were;Pain expectation score , pain score during delivery of head, unintended uterine extension, uterine vessels injury and need for additional stitches. The collected data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 20. Results: High Statistically significant difference in pain score during delivery of head in favor of forceps group (P = 0.001). No differences were found among 3 groups as regarding pain expectation, uterine extension, uterine vessel injury and in need of haemostatic stitches (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Use of double blade forceps is less painful for the patients during delivery of head in CS.

Manual Uterine Fundal Pressure in the Spontaneous Delivery during the Second Stage of Labor: A Pilot Case-Control Study Following an Analysis of Questionnaire Survey

Background: Recent obstetrical practice tends to avoid the use of manual uterine fundal pressure (MUFP);however, data showed that MUFP is actually employed. We here attempted 1) to determine the obstetricians’ attitudes towards MUFP via questionnaire, and 2) to examine whether MUFP shortens the 2nd stage of labor, with the latter tested as a pilot study. Methods: A questionnaire-based study was carried out (n = 122) at meetings of Obstetrics on May 5, 2017. Then, we conducted a pilot case-control study from August 23 to September 6, 2020. Participants (n = 29) were divided into two groups;women who did and did not want MUFP;i.e., MUFP (n = 14) vs. (Non-MUFP) group (n = 15). Results: Of 122 doctors, 99.18% (121/122) used MUFP at cesarean section. 95.90% (117/122) of institutions used MUFP in spontaneous delivery. 95.08% (116/122) obstetricians considered MUFP effective and helpful. 85.24% (104/122) considered that MUFP should be employed after station +3. In the case control study, MUFP vs. Non-MUFP group showed the second-stage-duration of 58.5 (50.25 - 71.25) vs. 48 (39 - 59) minutes, without statistical significance (P = 0.101). However, importantly, MUFP, compared with Non-MUFP group, showed a significantly shorter duration from head visible on introitus (apparition) to delivery;i.e., 21.26 ± 7.32 vs. 30.13 ± 10.61 minutes (P = 0.014). Conclusions: MUFP is still used widely and MUFP shortened the duration of head apparition to delivery time. Larger-sample studies are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of MUFP.

Design and Simulation of an Audio Signal Alerting and Automatic Control System

A large part of our daily lives is spent with audio information. Massive obstacles are frequently presented by the colossal amounts of acoustic information and the incredibly quick processing times. This results in the need for applications and methodologies that are capable of automatically analyzing these contents. These technologies can be applied in automatic contentanalysis and emergency response systems. Breaks in manual communication usually occur in emergencies leading to accidents and equipment damage. The audio signal does a good job by sending a signal underground, which warrants action from an emergency management team at the surface. This paper, therefore, seeks to design and simulate an audio signal alerting and automatic control system using Unity Pro XL to substitute manual communication of emergencies and manual control of equipment. Sound data were trained using the neural network technique of machine learning. The metrics used are Fast Fourier transform magnitude, zero crossing rate, root mean square, and percentage error. Sounds were detected with an error of approximately 17%;thus, the system can detect sounds with an accuracy of 83%. With more data training, the system can detect sounds with minimal or no error. The paper, therefore, has critical policy implications about communication, safety, and health for underground mine.

菊钩逍遥散对耳石症手法复位后肝郁型残余头晕患者血浆ET-1、CGRP及NPY水平的影响

目的观察菊钩逍遥散治疗耳石症手法复位后肝郁型残余头晕(RD)的疗效,及对血浆中内皮素-1(ET-1)、降钙素基因相关肽(CGRP)及神经肽Y(NPY)水平的影响并探讨其作用机制。方法90例患者随机分成对照组、中药组和联合组3组各30例。对照组给予甲磺酸倍他司汀片口服,中药组给予菊钩逍遥散口服,联合组给予菊钩逍遥散和甲磺酸倍他司汀片口服。治疗2周后,观察各组的临床疗效、DHI评分、SAS评分和血浆中ET-1、CGRP及NPY的变化。结果联合组总有效率为93.33%,高于中药组的82.76%和对照组的66.67%(P<0.05)。3组治疗前DHI、SAS评分、ET-1、CGRP和NPY含量比较,差别均不大(均P>0.05)。3组治疗后DHI、SAS评分均较治疗前降低(均P<0.01),且中药组、联合组的DHI、SAS评分均低于对照组(均P<0.01),而中药组和联合组DHI、SAS评分比较差别均不大(P>0.05)。3组治疗后ET-1、NPY含量均较治疗前降低(均P<0.01);中药组、联合组ET-1、NPY含量均低于对照组(均P<0.01),中药组和联合组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。3组治疗后CGRP含量均较治疗前升高(均P<0.01),且中药组、联合组CGRP含量均高于对照组,联合组CGRP含量高于中药组(均P<0.01)。治疗过程中对照组出现2例便秘,中药组出现1例胃部不适,联合组出现1例便秘,各组均未见其他明显不良反应。结论菊钩逍遥散治疗RD疗效确切,能够缓解焦虑而改善残余头晕,其作用机制可能与调节血浆中ET-1、CGRP及NPY的水平有关。

Operational definitions and measurement of externalizing behavior problems:An integrative review including research models and clinical diagnostic systems

Measurement of externalizing disorders such as antisocial disorders,attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder or borderline disorder have relevant implications for the daily lives of people with these disorders.While the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders(DSM)and the International Classification of Diseases(ICD)have provided the diagnostic framework for decades,recent dimensional frameworks question the categorical approach of psychopathology,inherent in traditional nosotaxies.Tests and instruments develop under the DSM or ICD framework preferentially adopt this categorical approach,providing diagnostic labels.In contrast,dimensional measurement instruments provide an individualized profile for the domains that comprise the externalizing spectrum,but are less widely used in practice.Current paper aims to review the operational definitions of externalizing disorders defined under these different frameworks,revise the different measurement alternatives existing,and provide an integrative operational definition.First,an analysis of the operational definition of externalizing disorders among the DSM/ICD diagnostic systems and the recent Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology(HiTOP)model is carried out.Then,in order to analyze the coverage of operational definitions found,a description of measurement instruments among each conceptualization is provided.Three phases in the development of the ICD and DSM diagnosis systems can be observed with direct implications for measurement.ICD and DSM versions have progressively introduced systematicity,providing more detailed descriptions of diagnostic criteria and categories that ease the measurement instrument development.However,it is questioned whether the DSM/ICD systems adequately modelize externalizing disorders,and therefore their measurement.More recent theoretical approaches,such as the HiTOP model seek to overcome some of the criticism raised towards the classification systems.Nevertheless,several issues concerning this model raise mesasurement challenges.A revision of the instruments underneath each approach shows incomplete coverage of externalizing disorders among the existing instruments.Efforts to bring nosotaxies together with other theoretical models of psychopathology and personality are still needed.The integrative operational definition of externalizing disorders provided may help to gather clinical practice and research.

风力发电机叶片防除冰涂层(二):温升数值计算及防除冰性能

针对电热超疏水涂层覆冰过程中表现出的三类不同冰层形貌,该文建立了电加热融冰数值计算模型,并对仿真计算结果进行了相应的试验验证,验证结果与仿真结果基本一致,该模型能有效模拟融冰过程和温度分布。临界融冰功率的计算结果表明,电热超疏水涂层融冰所需功率大于非超疏水电热涂层,尤其在乳突状冰层出现后,融冰功率将大幅增加。电热超疏水涂层防冰试验结果表明,在雨凇覆冰环境中,超疏水性能单独作用时,叶片在覆冰前期能延缓覆冰;电热性能与超疏水性能共同作用时,叶片无覆冰形成。电热超疏水涂层用于风力发电机防覆冰具有较好的效果,但用于覆冰后的融冰时将需要更多的能量。

Capacity Building Needs for Manual and Computer Assisted Teaching of Pattern Drafting for Entrepreneurship in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria

This study investigated the capacity building needs for manual and computer assisted teaching of pattern drafting for entrepreneurship in tertiary institutions in Nigeria.The study was conducted and guided by two research questions and two hypotheses.This study adopted an ex-post facto research design.The population for the study consisted of 131 Home Economics lecturers from the Universities,Polytechnic,and Colleges of Education in South East Nigeria.The entire population was studied because of its manageable size,hence there was no sampling.The results of this study showed that the Home Economics lecturers are competent in drafting patterns using manual method.Technical skills required for lecturers of Home Economics to advance from manual to computer-assisted teaching of pattern drafting were identified.They include ability to grade patterns,ability to use software packages,and ability to discuss procedures of pattern drafting among others.Based on the findings,it was recommended among others that computer assisted teaching of pattern drafting should be incorporated and applied by Home Economics lecturers to ensure that students acquire technical skills that will enable them to enter into entrepreneurship.

Exploration of Work Manual Teaching Materials in Higher Vocational Education

In order to thoroughly implement the national vocational education reform plan,vocational colleges and universities have vigorously promoted the reform of teaching materials.As a new form of teaching material,work manual teaching materials highlight the characteristics of vocational education,provide the direction of vocational education textbook reform,and act as the foundation of the“three education”reform in vocational colleges.Based on the analysis of the current situation of the construction of teaching materials for higher vocational education,we explore the ideas for the development of work manual teaching materials,aiming to provide some reference for the development of teaching materials for vocational education in the new era.

国内外主流药典中可见异物检查方法的比较与分析

目的:探析国内外各主流药典中可见异物检查的分析方法,为《中国药典》中可见异物检查法的升版提出一些思路和建议。方法:通过查阅国内外各主流药典,分别从可见异物的定义、人工灯检法、可见异物的判定标准等方面进行分析比对,总结国内外各主流药典的异同点。结果:各主流药典对可见异物的定义、判定标准等方面均存在差异,对于人工灯检法的检验人员、光源、光照强度、检查数量的要求以及具体的操作方法等均有不同,各主流药典均有所长及所短,检验参数相辅相成,并相互制约。结论:建议《中国药典》结合各主流药典的优缺点和中国企业的现状,对可见异物检查法的内容进行完善,从而更好地保证药品的质量以及人民的用药安全。

老年冠心病患者低分子肝素皮下注射后按压与出血发生率的效应研究

目的探讨老年冠心病患者皮下注射低分子肝素后是否按压与皮下出血发生率的相关性。方法纳入2019年1月至2021年12月在南京医科大学附属南京医院行经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(percutaneous coronary intervention,PCI)后使用低分子肝素皮下注射的老年冠心病患者131例作为研究对象,按照注射后是否按压分为观察组67例和对照组64例。皮下注射低分子肝素的流程均按照本院已纳入规范的“低分子肝素皮下注射法护理质量督查标准”执行,其中观察组要求注射完毕后按压穿刺点3~5 min,力度以皮肤下陷1cm为准,比较两组患者皮下出血的发生率。结果观察组皮下瘀斑发生率(9.0%)与对照组(7.8%)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),观察组皮下硬结发生率(4.5%)与对照组(1.6%)比较差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。患者的年龄、性别、腹围以及体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)与注射低分子肝素后发生皮下出血没有显著相关性(P>0.05),而腹部皮脂厚度与皮下出血存在显著相关性(P<0.05),是预测注射低分子肝素后发生皮下出血的独立预测因子。结论老年冠心病患者低分子肝素皮下注射后按压与出血发生率无相关性,无需按压。患者的腹部皮脂厚度是预测注射低分子肝素后发生皮下出血的独立预测因子,应通过规范操作来避免皮下出血的发生。

自动滴定仪测定土壤有机碳及其组分的方法优化

土壤有机碳及其组分(颗粒有机碳、矿物结合态有机碳等)是反映土壤质量的关键性指标,开展准确高效地测定这些指标对相关研究具有重要意义。自动滴定仪与传统人工滴定相比,人员工作强度低,检测准确,但检测效率不及人工滴定的30%。为解决此问题,本文探讨了4种氧化剂加入量对测定有机碳的影响,研究了提前预加滴定液对检测效率提高的效果。最终优选氧化剂加入量为2mL,预加滴定液量以空白样滴定量的1/3计,建立了用于测定土壤有机碳的自动滴定仪法。采用有机碳不同水平的土壤样品和标准物质对方法进行验证,并与人工滴定进行比较,结果表明,自动滴定仪法与人工滴定法无显著性差异,方法的相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)在2.10%~12.96%,加标回收率在93.37%~98.06%,标准物质相对误差为4.31%~4.79%;优化后的自动滴定法单个试样滴定用时由11min缩短到3.5min,整体检测效率高于人工滴定,而试剂耗用量仅是人工滴定法的40%。自动滴定仪法显著提升了有机碳的检测能力。

基于记忆合金双程形状记忆效应的导线雾凇防冰方法及现场试验

输电线路覆冰严重威胁电力系统的安全运行,国内外学者对抑制导线覆冰的方法开展了大量研究。该文基于形状记忆合金在不同温度下保持不同形状的双程形状记忆效应,提出在导线表面布置形状记忆合金,利用其形状变化改变导线表面电场强度抑制导线覆冰的方法,实现输电线路不停电非人工干预式防冰。建立布置形状记忆合金导线的三维模型,并仿真分析其表面电场情况。结果表明,随着形状记忆合金形变量增大,导线表面电场强度逐渐增大。用两端向上弯曲的圆柱形铝条代替形状发生变化后的形状记忆合金,将其布置在LGJ-150/25导线表面,在重庆大学雪峰山能源装备安全国家野外科学观测研究站开展野外自然覆冰实验。实验结果表明,在导线表面布置代替形变后的记忆合金的铝条能够抑制导线的雾凇覆冰,且在导线初始表面电场强度为10 kV/cm时,效果最佳,覆冰质量和厚度分别降低了57.1%和48.7%。

基于人体工学的手动轮椅助力装置研究

针对我国失能、半失能老人使用非电动轮椅推行费力的现状,综合考虑使用者功能需求、使用环境与可行技术支撑三方面的要素,从动力系统可靠性理论计算、人体工学设计以及智能控制设计等方面开展研究,研发一款新型助力装置。该装置通过基于人体工学的集成优化设计实现了轻量化(≤5 kg)、小型化(390 mm×130 mm×140 mm)结构设计要求;创新地采用基于单手操作的快速挂接结构,实现了面向市面大部分手动轮椅的高适配要求和5 s内快速装卸的易操作要求;基于使用环境的动力学分析与设计实现了室内外行进20 km的续航里程要求;通过手环控制器和摇杆控制器的多元控制方式开发,实现了不同驱动人员对助力装置启停控制和速度控制的简易化操作要求。