Delineation of groundwater potential zones using remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems(GIS)in Kadaladi region,Southern India

The primary objective of this research is to delineate potential groundwater recharge zones in the Kadaladi taluk of Ramanathapuram,Tamil Nadu,India,using a combination of remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems(GIS)with the Analytical Hierarchical Process(AHP).Various factors such as geology,geomorphology,soil,drainage,density,lineament density,slope,rainfall were analyzed at a specific scale.Thematic layers were evaluated for quality and relevance using Saaty's scale,and then inte-grated using the weighted linear combination technique.The weights assigned to each layer and features were standardized using AHP and the Eigen vector technique,resulting in the final groundwater potential zone map.The AHP method was used to normalize the scores following the assignment of weights to each criterion or factor based on Saaty's 9-point scale.Pair-wise matrix analysis was utilized to calculate the geometric mean and normalized weight for various parameters.The groundwater recharge potential zone map was created by mathematically overlaying the normalized weighted layers.Thematic layers indicating major elements influencing groundwater occurrence and recharge were derived from satellite images.2 Results indicate that approximately 21.8 km of the total area exhibits high potential for groundwater recharge.Groundwater recharge is viable in areas with moderate slopes,particularly in the central and southeastern regions.

Application of PCA Numalgorithm in Remote Sensing Image Processing

A numerical algorithm of principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed and its application in remote sensing image processing is introduced: (1) Multispectral image compression;(2) Multi-spectral image noise cancellation;(3) Information fusion of multi-spectral images and spot panchromatic images. The software experiments verify and evaluate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed algorithm.

Novel Vegetation Mapping Through Remote Sensing Images Using Deep Meta Fusion Model

Preserving biodiversity and maintaining ecological balance is essential in current environmental conditions.It is challenging to determine vegetation using traditional map classification approaches.The primary issue in detecting vegetation pattern is that it appears with complex spatial structures and similar spectral properties.It is more demandable to determine the multiple spectral ana-lyses for improving the accuracy of vegetation mapping through remotely sensed images.The proposed framework is developed with the idea of ensembling three effective strategies to produce a robust architecture for vegetation mapping.The architecture comprises three approaches,feature-based approach,region-based approach,and texture-based approach for classifying the vegetation area.The novel Deep Meta fusion model(DMFM)is created with a unique fusion frame-work of residual stacking of convolution layers with Unique covariate features(UCF),Intensity features(IF),and Colour features(CF).The overhead issues in GPU utilization during Convolution neural network(CNN)models are reduced here with a lightweight architecture.The system considers detailing feature areas to improve classification accuracy and reduce processing time.The proposed DMFM model achieved 99%accuracy,with a maximum processing time of 130 s.The training,testing,and validation losses are degraded to a significant level that shows the performance quality with the DMFM model.The system acts as a standard analysis platform for dynamic datasets since all three different fea-tures,such as Unique covariate features(UCF),Intensity features(IF),and Colour features(CF),are considered very well.

Bayesian and Geostatistical Approaches to Combining Categorical Data Derived from Visual and Digital Processing of Remotely Sensed Images

This paper seeks a synthesis of Bayesian and geostatistical approaches to combining categorical data in the context of remote sensing classification. By experiment with aerial photographs and Landsat TM data, accuracy of spectral, spatial, and combined classification results was evaluated. It was confirmed that the incorporation of spatial information in spectral classification increases accuracy significantly. Secondly, through test with a 5-class and a 3-class classification schemes, it was revealed that setting a proper semantic framework for classification is fundamental to any endeavors of categorical mapping and the most important factor affecting accuracy. Lastly, this paper promotes non-parametric methods for both definition of class membership profiling based on band-specific histograms of image intensities and derivation of spatial probability via indicator kriging, a non-parametric geostatistical technique.

A method of remote sensing image water segmentation based on adaptive morphological elliptical structuring elements

The use of visible and infrared remote sensing images to calculate the water area is an effective means to grasp the basic situation of water resources,and water segmentation is the premise of statistics.Generally,the edge features of the water in the remote sensing images are complex.When the traditional morphology is used for image segmentation,it is easy to change the image edge and affect the accuracy of image segmentation because the fixed structuring elements are used to perform morphological operations on the image.To segment water in the remote sensing image accurately,a remote sensing image water segmentation method based on adaptive morphological elliptical structuring elements is proposed.Firstly,the eigenvalue and eigenvector of the image are estimated by linear structure tensor,and the elliptical structuring elements are constructed by the eigenvalue and eigenvector.Then adaptive morphological operations are defined,combining the close operation to eliminate the influence of dark detail noise on water without overstretching the water edge,so that the water edge can be maintained more accurately.Finally,on this basis,the water area can be segmented by gray slice.The experimental results show that the proposed method has higher segmentation accuracy and the average segmentation error is less than 1.43%.

A RBF classification method of remote sensing image based on genetic algorithm

The remote sensing image classification has stimulated considerable interest as an effective method for better retrieving information from the rapidly increasing large volume, complex and distributed satellite remote imaging data of large scale and cross-time, due to the increase of remote image quantities and image resolutions. In the paper, the genetic algorithms were employed to solve the weighting of the radial basis faction networks in order to improve the precision of remote sensing image classification. The remote sensing image classification was also introduced for the GIS spatial analysis and the spatial online analytical processing (OLAP), and the resulted effectiveness was demonstrated in the analysis of land utilization variation of Daqing city.

Salient Object Detection from Multi-spectral Remote Sensing Images with Deep Residual Network

alient object detection aims at identifying the visually interesting object regions that are consistent with human perception. Multispectral remote sensing images provide rich radiometric information in revealing the physical properties of the observed objects, which leads to great potential to perform salient object detection for remote sensing images. Conventional salient object detection methods often employ handcrafted features to predict saliency by evaluating the pixel-wise or superpixel-wise contrast. With the recent use of deep learning framework, in particular, fully convolutional neural networks, there has been profound progress in visual saliency detection. However, this success has not been extended to multispectral remote sensing images, and existing multispectral salient object detection methods are still mainly based on handcrafted features, essentially due to the difficulties in image acquisition and labeling. In this paper, we propose a novel deep residual network based on a top-down model, which is trained in an end-to-end manner to tackle the above issues in multispectral salient object detection. Our model effectively exploits the saliency cues at different levels of the deep residual network. To overcome the limited availability of remote sensing images in training of our deep residual network, we also introduce a new spectral image reconstruction model that can generate multispectral images from RGB images. Our extensive experimental results using both multispectral and RGB salient object detection datasets demonstrate a significant performance improvement of more than 10% improvement compared with the state-of-the-art methods.

THE APPLICATION OF REMOTE SENSING TECHNIQUE ON GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF PLACER DEPOSIT

The practice has proved that it is an economic and effective method to investigate placer gold deposit by using multi-level information sources of remote sensing and multi-variate analysis methods, especially for the area with a sparse population and difficult condition like the Da Hinggan Mountains, China.The information sources used in our work includes Landsat TM, aerial infrared photography and their mosaic image maps and enlarged photos with different scales. According to statistic data, in the study area the gold-bearing rocks are mainly granite, alaskite, granodiorite and some old metamorphic rocks. On gold-bearing geological structures, the fault zones in the four directions (NE, NNE, NW and EW) are obvious, in which NNE and EW are the most key fault zones. On fluvial geomorphology the flow courses stored placer are in the tributaries of the 4th and 5th levels, especially in straight or slight curve reaches. On the basis of analysis the interpretative signs were set up, and the interpretative

Land use balance determination using satellite imagery and geographic information system:case study in South Sulawesi Province,Indonesia

This study was conducted to produce a GIS-based land use/land cover(LULC)balance map for a certain period as a reference for policymakers in planning their future regional development.This study also measures supervised classification accuracy based on remote sensing and geographic information system(GIS)integration with field conditions.In June 2005 satellite imagery 7 ETM+was used as asset maps to assess land-use changes(LUC).Although in March 2019,the liability maps used satellite imagery 8 OLI/TIRS.Methods analysis consists of pre-image processing,image interpretation,random point,field check,and accuracy assessment.The image processing results were overlaid with an Indonesian topographic map to draw a LULC balance map.The findings indicate that in June 2005 and March 2019,each LULC had an assessment accuracy value of 82%and 86%,with a predicted assessment accuracy value of 18.05%and20.50%,respectively.These findings are checked to determine the suitability performance of field-based imaging approaches based on the Cohen Kappa coefficient criteria of 0.45 and 0.48 for June 2005 and March 2019.Based on these results,the image processing precision and suitability were excellent since they are more than 80%and satisfy the Cohen Kappa performance criterion.Furthermore,geospatial data on the LULC balance map is essential as a guide for planners and decision-makers to plan their regional development.

Advanced Investigation of Remote Sensing to Geological Mapping of Zefreh Region in Central Iran

This study has tried to prove the ability of remote sensing techniques to extract information necessary for preparation of geological mapping of the earth’s surface using multi-spectral satellite images which are rich sources of Earth’s surface information. In this study, the surface geological mappings of Zefreh region have been investigated through ASTER, OLI, and IRS-PAN remote sensing data. To prepare the geological map, preprocessing steps and reducing noises from data using MNF algorithm were firstly carried out. Then a set of processing algorithms and image classification methods are included;the band rationing, color composite and pixel classification based on maximum likelihood, spectral and sub-pixel classification methods of spectral angle mapper (SAM), spectral feature fitting (SFF), linear spectral differentiation (LSU), hill-shade images and automatic lineament extraction were used. Confusion matrix was formed for all classified images through control points were randomly selected from 1:25,000 map of the region to determine the accuracy of obtained results, which indicated the maximum accuracy (up to 90%) of output images. Comparing the results obtained from these methods with the map prepared by ground operations confirmed accuracy results. Finally, the surface geology and fault map of Zafreh region was produced by combining detected geological formations and tectonic lineaments.

Applying Digital Image Processing to Evaluate a Extraction Method of Cartographic Features in Digital Images

A topic studied in cartography is to make the extraction of cartographic features that provide the update of cartographic maps more easily. For this reason many automatic routines were created with the intent to perform the features extraction. Despite of all studies about this, some features cannot be found by the algorithm or it can extract some pixels unduly. So the current article aims to show the results with the software development that uses the original and reference image to calculate some statistics about the extraction process. Furthermore, the calculated statistics can be used to evaluate the extraction process.

Photogrammetry - Remote Sensing on the Study of Monuments and Historical Centers： The Effect of Hazards -The Case of Delphi Historical Center

Monuments and historical centers, because of their particular importance, are studied in multiple ways. The study concerns different scientific disciplines and technology. Photogrammetry and remote sensing contribute essentially to this study, because of the valuable qualitative and quantitative information they offer. In this paper we search through the possibilities of very high resolution satellite imagery on historical centers study, referring to Delphi historical center. The study concerns image enhancement techniques and visual interpretation of Ikonos satellite imagery. Image enhancement techniques facilitate visual interpretation, detection and recognition, of the physiognomy and spatial arrangement of Delphi historical center and offer information about physical and architectural features in the wide area of the historical center.

A Review of Satellite Remote Sensing Monitoring Methods for Sea Surface Oil Spill

Using satellite remote sensing to monitor oil spill on the sea is an advanced means of oil spill monitoring, and it has the characteristics of wide coverage, speediness and real time, synchronization, continuity, and low cost. Hence, accelerating the research on this technology and establishing a satellite remote sensing monitoring mechanism suitable for oil spill emergency situations is of great significance to improve China's oil spill monitoring capability and prevent or reduce the pollution damage caused by oil spill in the marine environment.This paper analyzes and studies the current situation using satellite remote sensing to monitor oil spills at home and abroad. Based on the basic principle of satellite remote sensing, this paper systematically studies the satellite remote sensing monitoring oil spill principles, satellite data processing methods and oil spill information identification, and summarizes an oil spill identification system that can realize oil spill information reproduction. This system provides an important means of support for the handling of oil spill accidents.

无人机多光谱影像的小麦倒伏信息多特征融合检测研究

为探究多特征融合方法在作物倒伏领域快速精准识别中的适用性,利用无人机获取多田块冠层尺度的不同倒伏率麦田多光谱数据,对原始倒伏图像进行图像拼接、辐射校正、几何校正等预处理,并利用重归一化差值植被指数和阴影指数分别剔除土壤和阴影背景,提取小麦倒伏DSM模型和植被指数分别与多光谱图像进行多特征图像主成分变换融合,筛选差异性较大的纹理特征,采用支持向量机(SVM)、人工神经网络(ANN)和最大似然法(MLC)监督分类模型对多光谱和DSM融合图像、多光谱和归一化植被指数(NDVI)融合图像、多光谱图像和纹理特征图像进行监督分类,并采用总体精度(OA)、 Kappa系数和提取误差综合评价各监督模型的分类性能和倒伏提取精度。分类结果表明:各监督分类方法在不同倒伏区域提取结果建模效果趋势一致,SVM和ANN整体提取精度高于MLC,在高倒伏区域,多光谱与NDVI融合图像的SVM监督模型(OA:92.63%, Kappa系数:0.85,提取误差:1.11%)提取效果最好;在中倒伏区域,多光谱与DSM融合图像的SVM监督模型(OA:90.35%, Kappa系数:0.79,提取误差:9.34%)提取效果最好;在低倒伏区域,均值纹理特征图像的ANN监督模型(OA:91.05%, Kappa系数:0.82,提取误差:8.20%)提取结果较好。本研究将DSM模型、植被指数、纹理特征与多光谱图像进行融合对比,并对多特征融合方法能否高精度有效提取小麦倒伏信息进行了探究,结果表明无人机多光谱遥感结合特征融合技术能有效提取小麦倒伏面积,提取效果优于单特征小麦倒伏图像。本研究结果可为助力小麦倒伏灾情调查数据的精确获取方法提供参考。

含明亮区域的无人机遥感定位图像去雾方法

针对传统DCP去雾算法处理无人机遥感定位含雾图像时,天空或白色等明亮区域颜色易发生失真,图像整体对比度降低等问题,提出了一种自适应阈值分割的DCP去雾方法。利用灰度图像I_(gray)(x)求取图像明亮与非明亮区域的自适应阈值ThrB;根据自适应阈值ThrB将明亮区与非明亮区分割,并设计自适应修正函数M;优化由暗通道图像生成的大气耗散函数粗估计,利用双边滤波再次细化透射率,完成图像去雾复原。实验结果表明:提出方法在处理天空或反光较强的明亮区域时,能够有效避免复原后的颜色失真等问题,进一步改善遥感图像地面景物区域的处理效果,复原后整幅遥感图像的色彩饱和度和对比度明显提高,主观视觉效果有一定改善,且PSNR、FC、SSIM和CR等客观参数均有提升,有利于后续遥感定位图像分析。

基于残差密集块的激光遥感图像中目标检测方法

为了提高对目标检测的效果,提出基于残差密集块的激光遥感图像中目标检测方法。首先,设计基于残差密集块的卷积神经网络,在设计ReLU激活函数并完成网络训练后,基于含噪激光遥感图像的初步特征提取结果,利用单个卷积展开卷积映射处理,抽取出潜在干净图像。然后,通过聚类处理的方式,得到激光遥感图像中车辆目标的显著图,再利用大律法,通过建立的特征比例关系的方式检测出其中的目标信息。实验结果表明,应用该方法有效滤除激光遥感图像中的噪声,并精准检测出激光遥感图像中的车辆目标。相比于3种传统方法,该方法检测结果均值误差的最小值仅为0.0156,说明该方法有效实现了设计预期。

农田环境下无人机图像并行拼接识别算法

为改善在农田环境下无人机图像计算速度和效率,该研究提出了一种农田环境下无人机图像并行拼接识别算法。利用倒二叉树并行拼接识别算法,通过提取图像拼接中的变换矩阵,实现拼接识别同时进行。根据边缘设备的CPU核心数和图像数量自动将图像拼接识别任务划分为多个子进程,并分配到不同核心上执行,以提高在农田环境下的计算效率。试验结果表明:相同试验环境和数据集条件下,倒二叉树并行拼接算法的拼接耗时相较于其他算法平均减少了60%~90%左右;在农田环境下,倒二叉树并行拼接识别相较于串行拼接识别的耗时减少了70%,图像识别的平均像素交并比提升了10.17个百分点,说明在农田环境下采用多线程倒二叉树并行算法可以更好地利用农田环境下边缘设备的计算资源,大幅提升无人机图像的拼接和识别的速度,为无人机的快速实时监测提供技术支撑。

“任务链+研学支架”教学模式的建构——新工科视角下“遥感数字图像处理”课教学改革

目前,传统教学在内容的系统性、认知活动高阶性、价值引领实效性、促学效果等方面存在着较严重的问题,为此,“遥感数字图像处理”课程基于新工科教学理念,以遥感技术的综合应用情境重构课程体系,开启“任务链+研学支架”教学模式,加强培养学生遥感应用能力和创新能力,以遥感技术服务社会需求为育人路径。新模式的构建,实现了应用与研学互动、研学与研教并举、育人与育才同构的效果,对同类型新工科课程具有借鉴意义。

遥感专业《数字图像处理》教材建设有效途径分析

数字图像处理教材存在理多实少、难点解析不足等种种问题。针对这些问题,提出一种混合式立体改进方法,从内容、形式和实践方面提出了多项举措,以实现够用学会、讲练透彻的学习目标。通过分析遥感专业课程内容,提炼出相关知识点进行教材编写,得到理实一体的简明化教材。教学实践证明,这种教材建设方法丰富了教学资源,有利于学生对重难点知识理解,大幅提高学习效率和质量,不失为一种有效的逆向教材建设创新方法。

基于DFECANet的遥感图像飞机目标检测方法

针对现有的遥感图像目标检测方法中对小尺寸飞机目标的检测精度不高、特征信息传递不准确、信息交互不充分等问题,提出了一种基于可辨别特征提取和上下文感知的遥感图像飞机目标检测方法。设计了以可辨别特征提取模块为主体的主干网络,用以加强对多尺度飞机目标的特征提取;引入自适应特征增强模块,选择性关注小目标、优化特征信息的传递与信息交互;并设计了特征融合上采样模块对特征图进行上采样操作,用以提升高层语义信息的准确性。在DOTAv1数据集上的检测精度达到了95.2%,相较于YOLOv5s、SCRDet、ASSD等主流算法,飞机目标的检测精度提高了3.7%~18%。此外,该方法的检测速度以及模型参数量分别为147 fps和13.4 M,相较于当前主流算法具备较强的竞争力,满足在遥感背景下对飞机目标的实时检测需求。