Research on the Digital Transformation of the Whole Industry Chain of Guangdong Supply and Marketing Cooperative

Guangdong Supply and Marketing Cooperative serves as an important institution for the“Three Rural Areas”in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.Its digital transformation and optimization serve as powerful supports for rural revitalization.This paper systematically reviews the main practices and effectiveness of the digital transformation within the Guangdong Supply and Marketing Cooperative.It also analyzes the current development dilemmas faced in the construction of digital supply and marketing.Additionally,it proposes targeted solutions,including building a big data resource base,optimizing the digital supply and marketing cloud platform,developing digital publictype agricultural social service applications,establishing a new model of rural e-commerce,enhancing the traceability management system for agricultural products,and strengthening the construction of the digital human resources system.These proposals aim to further promote the strategy for revitalizing the countryside.

Investing and Pricing with Supply Uncertainty in Electricity Market:A General View Combining Wholesale and Retail Market

Renewable energy,such as wind and solar energy,may vary signifi cantly over time and locations depending on the weather and the climate conditions.This leads to the supply uncertainty in the electricity(power) market with renewable energy integrated to power grid.In this paper,electricity in the market is classified into two types:stablesupply electricity(SSE) and unstablesupply electricity(USE).We investigate the investment and pricing strategies under the electricity supply uncertainty in wholesale and retail electricity market.In particular,our model combines the wholesale and retail market and capture the dominant players,i.e.,consumers,power plant(power operator),and electricity supplier.To derive the market behaviors of these players,we formulate the market decision problems as a multistage Stackelberg game.By solving the game model,we obtain the optimal,with closedform,wholesale investment and retail pricing strategy for the operator.We also obtain the energy supplier's best price mechanism numerically under certain assumption.We fi nd the price of SSE being about 1.4 times higher than that of USE will benefi t energy supplieroptimally,under which power plant's optimal strategy of investing is to purchase USE about 4.5 times much more than SSE.

Cooperative Innovation in a Supply Chain with Different Market Power Structures

This paper studies firms’ innovation behavior in a supply chain where two firms first invest to reduce component’ cost according to different innovation modes (non-cooperative innovation, sequential innovation, and cooperative innovation) and then decide the prices according to different market powers (Supplier-Stackelberg, Manufacturer-Stackelberg, and Nash). We find that both the supplier and the manufacturer make more innovation efforts and profits under sequential innovation than under non-cooperative innovation when the market power is any one of three structures. Moreover, the firm prefers to invest as the follower in sequential innovation. We also show that the firms are easy to achieve cooperative innovation under symmetrical power market structure than asymmetrical power market structure. By using a concept named innovation-desirability-index that measures a firm’s desire to innovate in the supply chain, we show that it is optimal for a firm in the chain to cooperate with such a firm whose market power is close to his own if the innovation-desirability-index is higher, otherwise with such a firm whose market power is lower to his own.

Functions of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives in Improving Rural Modern Circulation System

This paper firstly described current development situation of China's rural circulation system. In the process of accelerating modernization,the supply and marketing cooperative is always an essential force,but the gap between urban and rural circulation system is still expanding. On the basis of current development situation,it analyzed functions of supply and marketing cooperatives in rural logistics system. Finally,it came up with recommendations for improving China's rural circulation system. In the new period,it is recommended to bring into play advantages of supply and marketing cooperatives,expand the coverage,gradually promote industry upgrade of renewable resource recycling,and constantly strengthen functions of supply and marketing cooperatives in building the rural modern circulation system,to build supply and marketing cooperatives into new forces and comprehensive platform for farmers' production and living services.

Study on Market Supply of Rural Public Sports Service in China

In the main trend of gradually improving socialist market economy and establishing public service type government,market supply of rural public sports service is necessary. On the basis of unique characteristics of China's rural society and market experience of domestic and foreign public service,market supply methods were discussed about rural public sports service. However,there are certain factors restricting market supply in this process. On the basis of the analysis,it came up with several optimization measures for market supply of rural public sports service.

Urban Water Supply Industry Marketization of China in View of Public Water Service and Water Resource Management

Started with the discussions on the value orientation of urban water supply industry marketization,the article points out that the current urban water supply industry marketization reform is inconsistent with the goal of public water service equalization to some extent.The article also analyzes the problems emerged in urban water supply industry marketization reform and various rea-sons in view of efficiency and fairness.An efficiency and fairness oriented management model is built in this article to illustrate how the government should conciliate interests of various communities involved in the process of marketization reform of the urban water supply industry so as to actualize the coordination of efficiency and fairness.At the end,an assumption on urban water price is put forward to help achieve the public water service equalization.

Thoughts on Participation of Supply and Marketing Cooperative System in Agricultural Social Service

Agricultural social service is an important field in the development of modern agriculture. At present,agricultural social service should be based on the extension of the agricultural industrial chain and value chain. The supply and marketing system has important opportunity to participate in social services. It should be based on deep reform of supply and marketing system,rural industrial poverty alleviation,sustainable agricultural ecological development,development of farmers' cooperative organizations,and increase of organization efficiency. It is recommended to undertake works in construction of platform of supply of agricultural products,commercialization of agricultural technology services,scale development of community-supported agriculture,and market based agricultural social capital. Through improving the team system of supply and marketing system,it is recommended to create platform-based flattening environment and create cooperative ecology in PPP mode to guarantee.

Factors Affecting Teff (Eragrostis tef) Market Supply in Woliso and Becho Districts of South West Shoa Zone Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia

This study was aimed to analyze teff (Eragrostis tef) market chain in south west Shoa zone with objective of factors affecting teff market supply using two stage ordinary least square approaches. The majority of Ethiopia’s population earns its livelihood primarily from agriculture. Cereals teff is the first in Ethiopia area coverage and production. Teff (Eragrostis tef) is a major staple food crop in Ethiopia. Both primary and secondary data were used in this study. Primary data was collected from 138 sampled farmers and 38 traders from both districts by using semi-structured interview. The OLS (ordinary least square) model results showed that seven explanatory variables significantly affected the quantity of teff supplied to the market supplied by smallholder producers. Age, education level and current market price were negatively and significantly affecting teff market supply. Distance to the nearest market, farm size, perception and quantity produced were positively and significantly influencing marketed supply of teff. Policy implications that were to take place highly recommendation those are relevant to improve teff marketing system in the study area which indicated production and market orientation were set based on the significant variables and raised problems by the stakeholders. To improve market supply of teff in the study area resolving the prevailing production problems deems a necessary condition.

Supply and demand subject behavior of building energy efficiency in market fostering

Consumers and developers are the market transaction subjects which drive the development of building energy efficiency market. High energy prices, unreasonable heating system, information asymmetry of building energy suppress demand of energy efficiency construction; high technical risk and construction cost, nonstandard market restrict the supply of energy efficiency construction. To promote the development of building energy efficiency, we must set up effective incentive policies for both sides of the market transaction, improve the supervisory system, promote the technological progress, build the information sharing platform, so as to achieve the purpose of cultivating and improving the building energy efficiency market system, regulating the behavior of supply and demand subject, building the mutually beneficial and cooperative partnership, and realizing the balance of interests.

Green Drug Supply Chain Investigation by Time-Market Balance and Risk

The quality of pharmaceutical products plays a crucial role in healthcare systems such as hospitals for better patient services. Drug Supply Chain Management requires approaches to uncertainty and risk consideration. This study is a comprehensive multi-objective mathematical model considering the uncertainties and potential reserves in supply and medicine. The proposed model includes three general objective functions that minimize total production costs, including the costs of transportation, maintenance, breakdown, collection, and disposal of waste. The model also maximizes the quality of potential storage. The results show the proposed method has a high quality to solve the model and leads to the optimization of the results to provide the drug supply chain for the proposed example. We have identified three important risks and uncertainties in addressing drug supply planning: the indefinite duration of the licensing process, the risk of a forced brand change, and indefinite repayment levels that lead to varied demand diversification. The results of comparison with other multi-objective optimization methods in existing articles also show better performance of the proposed model. A significant cost reduction results from implementing our model instead of using the over-storage role to estimate the volume of active drug elements, as seen in today’s industry.

Services for Supplying Investigation Reports on China's Markets

On the basis of cooperation with related information department, China’s Foreign Trade (CFT) is to supply market investigation reports to customers:

Services for Supplying Investigation Reports on China's Markets

On the basis of cooperation with related information department, China’s Foreign Trade(CFT)is to supply marketinvestigation reports to customers:

Fresh Produce Supply to Hong Kong Returned to Domestic Market

With the 19th anniversary of the handover of Hong Kong back to China,the fresh produce supplied to Hong Kong also returned to domestic market.Since the focus of e-commerce competition has shifted towards business model and capital input,some people have been exploring new regional markets for fresh produce and seeking improvement in produce quality,standards and

Dynamic Spatial Evolution of Market-oriented Supply Level of State-owned Land

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of the spatial distribution and change trend of the marketing level of stateowned land supply so as to provide policy recommendations. Method of spatial autocorrelation analysis is employed. The results indicate that the spatial layout of the land supply marketing level is generally dispersed,but it does assemble in some specific area. The correlation between the marketing level of state-owned land supply and the economic development is not statistically significant. But their relations fluctuate obviously. The overall marketing level of state-owned land supply is increasing and spatially concentrated. The expansion rate of marketing has decreased first and then increased and stabilized now. The high-value cluster center of marketing level of state-owned land supply exists all over the country; however the existence probability of the cluster is bigger in undeveloped areas. It is concluded that spatial autocorrelation analysis is a good method to quantitatively analyze the spatial variation of marketing level of state-owned land supply in China. To grasp the spatial and temporal variations of the marketing level of state-owned land supply is also good to enhance running of the state-owned land market.

2023/2024榨季国内外食糖市场回顾与2024/2025榨季展望

2023/2024榨季,巴西食糖生产和出口表现强劲,有效抵补了印度和泰国的供应减量,全球食糖供应过剩约500万吨,ICE原糖价格于2023年11月初创下28.14美分/磅高位后震荡回落至17.5~20.0美分/磅。国内因良种良法政策激励,以及气候适宜提振单产,产糖量恢复性增产到996.3万吨,同比增11.07%。2023年初销糖量同比大增,致使工业库存降至近年低位,累计产销率亦创近年纪录水平,而后低库存和高产销率由2024年初维持至9月份,成为整个榨季国内现货价格相对抗跌的主要支撑,基差亦整体维持在200元/吨高位。因经济复苏不及预期,抑制了含糖食品消费,涉糖行业营收普遍下降,8月和9月企业利润同比差于此前10个月的利润同比,涉糖企业通过增加糖浆预混粉等低成本替代品进口,对食糖市场形成一定挤占打压。展望2024/2025榨季,预计泰国、欧盟增产,巴西减产,幅度需持续关注含糖量和制糖比指标,印度持平可能较大,但受糖醇政策和出口政策影响仍有较大不确定,全球食糖供应过剩格局仍将持续,但过剩量将有所收窄。四季度至2025年第一季度供给宽松程度不及去年同期,若巴西产量不及预期,有可能进一步转为偏紧格局,为糖价走强提供动能。国内增产幅度约为9.4%,近期进口糖利润改善,7月和8月进口到港增加,新榨季开启,糖浆和预混粉进口数量的稳定替代,均将对国内糖价形成明显压制。此外,2024/2025榨季全球宏观经济、能源政策、强势美元和印度出口政策对食糖价格的影响明显加大。

α-烯烃生产技术与市场前景分析

α-烯烃是生产高端聚烯烃、高性能润滑油、专用和精细化学品的关键原材料。详细介绍了国内外以乙烯为原料的α-烯烃生产技术,分析了全球及中国α-烯烃产能、消费、贸易等市场供需现状,并预测了2024—2027年全球及中国α-烯烃市场供需情况。基于市场分析,结合中国α-烯烃产业发展现状,提出中国更适合发展选择性乙烯齐聚技术,未来应持续开发高效催化剂和改进现有工艺技术,不断提高工艺选择性和高碳烯烃收率;建议中国企业应审慎投资α-烯烃项目,增强风险防控意识,注重加强其上下游产业投资与研发布局,强化全产业链协同发展,确保中国α-烯烃产业健康有序发展。

面向区域电网保供应场景的跨区最大购电能力优化方法

随着多级电力市场在不同时间尺度上交织耦合,区域电网在发挥交易通道枢纽作用的同时,也出现了网络阻塞、安全保供等一系列运行风险。针对市场化模式下的保供应场景,基于省内断面阻塞分析,提出了面向电力现货市场的跨区跨省供电支撑能力优化方法。首先,基于省间交易通道-省间物理联络线-省内输电断面的关联关系模型,分析了省内网络阻塞形成机理;其次,通过梯度提升树算法预测省内断面阻塞情况,选择目标断面形成现货市场购电边界;最后,以跨区通道购电量最大为优化目标,考虑断面阻塞和直流馈入稳定约束,对目标省份供电支撑能力进行了优化。以实际省网为基础进行了分析,验证了所提方法的有效性。

长期护理保险对家庭劳动力市场供给的影响

长期护理保险旨在解决失能家庭的照护问题,但还需深入研究长期护理保险对家庭劳动力市场供给的影响。因此,研究基于家庭生产最大化理论模型分析长期护理保险影响家庭劳动力市场供给的替代效应和收入效应,并利用CHARLS 2011—2018年四期数据,建立交错双重差分模型,检验受访者父辈居住城市试点长期护理保险后对受访者家庭劳动力市场供给的影响。研究发现:长期护理保险使家庭市场劳动参与率提高5.5个百分点,市场劳动时间延长6.6%,其替代效应大于收入效应。此外,长期护理保险主要通过机构照护替代家庭照护,减少家庭照护时间,从而促进家庭劳动力市场供给。政策效果在性别、教育及城乡间具有显著异质性。研究结论丰富了关于实施长期护理保险和健康中国战略的内涵,为扩大长期护理保险试点和促进中老年人再就业提供了经验证据。

财政与市场:明永乐以来北京粮食供给模式与平价机制

明代北京粮食供给对于国家财政调度的高度依赖近乎学界共识,学界对于抵京官粮分配的研究也聚焦于国家的财政支付。但研究表明:在北京粮食供需层面,因财政支付的局限,对于众多财政供养个体,长期存在着官粮所供不敷所需的矛盾,故在财政投放的同时又展现出对于市场的依赖。明代北京粮食市场的发育更多取决于国家财政流通向市场流通的转化,即官粮在运解、存储、投放等过程中形成的官米市场。根据估算,经由月粮、余米商品化构成的官米市场可以满足京师一半以上的粮食需求,形成了一种财政与市场互动下的京师粮食供给机制。在局部市场模式下,朝廷长期倚重于庞大的实物财政储备,通过一系列临时性财政投放平抑粮价,崇祯以前的北京粮食供给展现出较强的国家应对能力。

极端气候场景下高水电占比西南电网电力交易保供体系构建

当前,新型电力系统建设,以水电为主大规模“靠天吃饭”清洁能源的接入,以及极端气候的频发,给西南电网电力可靠供应带来严峻挑战。首先,介绍了西南电网概况和电力市场运营格局。然后,从2022年夏季极端干旱高温少雨气候下,西南电网川渝地区电力保供事件出发,基于区域电网和市场化的双重视角,归纳总结了西南电网电力保供存在四方面问题:预警层级有限、保供周期较短、保供空间局限、保供资源单一,由此,提出了基于双层级、全周期、全空间、全资源(简称“一双三全”)理念的西南电网电力保供研究思路和研究框架。其次,系统构建了极端气候场景下西南电网电力交易保供体系,主要包括:1)提出了区域电网电力保供预警响应的概念及其等级确定方法,构建了“省级电网+区域电网”的双层级电力交易保供预警响应机制;2)提出了中长期省间可中断电力保供交易品种,构建了“中长期+现货+应急”全周期电力交易保供体系;3)提出了跨区、区内省间市场电力保供的理念,设计了大水电时空置换交易,构建了“跨区+区内省间+省内”的全空间电力交易保供体系;4)提出了负荷侧削峰省间中长期电力保供交易品种,构建了“发电侧+负荷侧”的全资源电力交易保供体系。最后,给出了上述研究成果在西南电网的工程案例,验证了所做研究的创新性和实用性;同时,也为大规模清洁能源并网后其他区域电网电力保供提供了新思路,具有普适性。