Benign lymphoepithelial cyst of parotid gland without human immunodeficiency virus infection:A case report

BACKGROUND Benign lymphoepithelial cyst(BLEC)of the parotid gland is a rare benign embryonic-dysplastic cystic tumor in the anterolateral neck that occurs most commonly in human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)-positive adults and rarely in non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients.The main presentation is a slow-growing,painless mass,and secondary infection may cause acute inflammatory symptoms.CASE SUMMARY A 44-year-old Chinese male patient presented with a 1-year history of a mass in the left side of the neck.On physical examination,a mass similar in size and shape to a quail egg was found in the left parotid gland.The mass was tough,without tenderness,and easily moveable.The results of HIV tests,including antibody and nucleic acid tests and CD4+T cell examination,were negative.Imaging examination revealed a left parotid gland mass.The patient underwent surgical treatment,and BLEC was diagnosed based on postoperative pathology.After 2years of follow-up,the patient survived well without related discomfort.CONCLUSION The detailed characteristics of a BLEC in a patient without HIV infection contribute to an improved understanding of this rare disease.

DETECTION OF HUMAN HERPESVIRUS 6(HHV-6) DNA IN SALIVARY GLANDS BY THE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION

To assess the presence of HHV-6-Speeific DNA in human salivary glands, eighteen specimens of salivary gland tissue were investigated using the polymerase chain reaction, Eight of nine parotld glands, live of seven submandibular glands and one of two sublingual glands were tound to have amphfleation of the HHV-6-speeitlc sequence. The tindings suggest that salivary gland tissue is one of the potential sites for HHV-6 persistence following primary injection and that saliva is a vehicle for transmission of the virus.

Salivary gland antigens of laboratory-bred Phlebotomus sergenti and their immunogenicity in human volunteers in laboratory condition

Objective:To investigate Phlebotomus(P.)sergenti Parrot,1917(Diptera:Psychodidae)salivary gland antigens and their immune response in human.Methods:Human volunteers were exposed to sand flies’bites in the laboratory,and following each exposure the size of induration was recorded.The mean protein concentration of salivary gland lysate and specific anti-P.sergenti saliva IgG was measured.Sand fly salivary proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE and their immunoreactivity was examined by Western blotting assays.Results:Individuals exposed to P.sergenti salivary gland lysate for 8 months showed both antibody and delayed type hypersensitivity responses,although exposure for one month did not provoke any immune responses.The trend of antibody fluctuated during the exposure time and dropped by the end of antigen loading.The mean protein content was(0.36±0.08)μg in each pair salivary glands.Salivary gland lysate showed 11 to 12 major protein bands and 3 to 6 of them were immunoreactive.Conclusions:Our study showed that the salivary gland components of P.sergenti provoked both cellular and humoral immune responses in human.Furthermore,there are some immunogenic proteins in P.sergenti saliva which could be subjected for further investigation as vector-based vaccine candidate/s against anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis.

Salivary gland disease in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: A review

The effect of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) infection on salivary glands has diagnostic and prognostic significance. HIV-salivary gland disease(HIV-SGD) is comprehensively ascertained amongst the major critical acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)-relatedoral manifestation and causes substantial morbidity. Parotid gland swelling due to sicca syndrome, parotid lipomatosis, sialadenitis, diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome, benign lymphoepithelial lesions, neoplasms(benign or malignant) of salivary gland, parotid gland inflammation, diminished flow rates of saliva and xerostomia have been documented that also affects the health- associated characteristics of life in subjects infected with HIV. There is a necessity for health care researchers to diagnose it, particularly as it might worsen if left undiagnosed. The precise characteristic of alterations in dynamics of salivary gland structure and functionality with long-standing usage of highly active anti-retroviral therapy still remains unknown. HIV positive children also present with bilateral parotid enlargement and the syndrome state with classical clinical and cytological features of predominated lymphoid hyperplasia. Though various case reports and studies have been extensively published on different aspects of HIV-SGD, it has not been described solely, thus leading to occasional confusion of nomenclature and clinical presentation of HIV-SGD. This article reviews the pathogenesis of HIV-related SGD and its components and various other miscellaneous disorders affecting the salivary glands in HIV/AIDS.

Induced in vitro Expression of Human Lactoferrin in Goat Mammary Gland Epithelial Cell

[客观]这研究的目的是在山羊乳腺的 vitro 探索导致的表示的技术系统上皮的房间，并且评估在房间的特定的向量和外国蛋白质铺平的乳腺的表达式效率[方法]山羊乳腺由人的 lactoferrin 基因的上皮的房间 transfected 被 culturing 在与 5 mg/L 胰岛素补充的 DMEM/F12 媒介征调， 5 mg/L 催乳激素和 1 mg/L hydrocortisone.Supernatant 每 6 个小时和 concentrated.Expression

Highly efficient expression of human extracellular superoxide dismutase(rhEcSOD)with ultraviolet-B-induced damage-resistance activity in transgenic silkworm cocoons

Extracellular superoxide dismutase(EcSOD)protects tissues from oxidative stress,and thus is considered as a therapeutic agent for many diseases such as atherosclerosis,hypertension,and cancer.However,cost-effective production of bioactive recombinant human EcSOD(rhEcSOD)remains a challenge.Herein,we developed an efficient strategy for producing active rhEcSOD by transgenic silkworms.rhEcSOD was successfully synthesized as homodimers and homotetramers in the middle silk gland and spun into the cocoons with a concentration of 9.48±0.21 mg/g.Purification of rhEcSOD from the cocoons could be conveniently achieved with a purity of 99.50%and a yield of 3.5±0.5 mg/g.Additionally,N-glycosylation at the only site of N89 in rhEcSOD with 10 types were identified.The purified rhEcSOD gained the potent enzymatic activity of 4162±293 U/mg after Cu/Zn ions incorporation.More importantly,rhEcSOD was capable of penetrating and accumulating in the nuclei of cells to maintain cell morphology and attenuate ultraviolet B-induced cell apoptosis by eliminating reactive oxygen species and inhibiting the C-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling pathway.These results demonstrated that the transgenic silkworm could successfully produce rhEcSOD with enzymatic and biological activities for biomedical applications.

High expression of human serum albumin in milk of trans-genie mice directed by the goat β-casein gene promoter region

We have constructed a mammary gland expression vector that contained the goat β-casein gene pro-moter, 5’upstream regulatory region, exons 1, 2, intron 1 as well as the human serum albumin (hALB) mini-gene (including the full-long sequences of hALB cDNA and its intron 1). Injection of the vector into mouse tail veins showed that the recombinant construct was expressed only in mammary glands. The vector was microinjected into the mouse fertilized eggs, followed by transferring the eggs into the foster mice. 33 F0 mice were obtained. Of the 33, 8 mice (5 , 3 ) were transgenic with hALB gene integration identified by PCR as well as Southern blot hybridization. The integration rate was 24.2% (8/33). Western blot analysis showed that 3 female transgenic mice had hALB expression in their milk. The hALB contents in milk reached 3.54, 0.21 and 3.03 g/L, respectively.

Magnetic bioassembly platforms towards the generation of extracellular vesicles from human salivary gland functional organoids for epithelial repair

Salivary glands(SG)are exocrine organs with secretory units commonly injured by radiotherapy.Bio-engineered organoids and extracellular vesicles(EV)are currently under investigation as potential strategies for SG repair.Herein,three-dimensional(3D)cultures of SG functional organoids(SGo)and human dental pulp stem cells(hDPSC)were generated by magnetic 3D bioassembly(M3DB)platforms.Fibroblast growth factor 10(FGF10)was used to enrich the SGo in secretory epithelial units.After 11 culture days via M3DB,SGo displayed SG-specific acinar epithelial units with functional properties upon neurostimulation.To consistently develop 3D hDPSC in vitro,3 culture days were sufficient to maintain hDPSC undifferentiated genotype and phenotype for EV generation.EV isolation was performed via sequential centrifugation of the conditioned media of hDPSC and SGo cultures.EV were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis,electron microscopy and immunoblotting.EV were in the exosome range for hDPSC(diameter:88.03±15.60 nm)and for SGo(123.15±63.06 nm).Upon ex vivo administration,exosomes derived from SGo significantly stimulated epithelial growth(up to 60%),mitosis,epithelial progenitors and neuronal growth in injured SG;however,such biological effects were less distinctive with the ones derived from hDPSC.Next,these exosome biological effects were investigated by proteomic arrays.Mass spectrometry profiling of SGo exosomes predicted that cellular growth,development and signaling was due to known and undocumented molecular targets downstream of FGF10.Semaphorins were identified as one of the novel targets requiring further investigations.Thus,M3DB platforms can generate exosomes with potential to ameliorate SG epithelial damage.

Expression of biologically active human clotting factor Ⅸ(hFⅨ) in the mammary gland of transgenic mice

The DNA of human factor Ⅸ (hFⅨ) gene vector pMCⅨm, which had been proven to be able to express in in vitro and living cells, was introduced into 586 zygotes of Kunming White Mice by positive pressure microinjection technique with manual operation. The 499 survival embryos after microinjection were then transferred into pseudopregnant recipient mice and 216 F 0 pups were born. The analysis of PCR and Southern blot hybridization showed that, of the 216, 6 (2 females and 4 males) were integrated with foreign DNA in their genomes, giving an integration frequency of 3% (6/216). Two F\-0 female transgenic mice could express hFⅨ protein in their milk and the content was over 100 ng/mL as measured with ELISA. The biological activities of hFⅨ in the milk of two F\-0 mice were 44 67% and 79 43%, respectively.

Interferon-induced progression of autoimmune thyroiditis with enlarged thyroid glands in gynecological patient: A case report and literature review

A case report presents a progression of autoimmune thyroiditis with an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid glands and increased thyreotropin hormone concentration-associated with interferon treatment in human papillomavirus infected patient with the autoimmune thyroiditis and a daily L-thyroxin hormone replacement therapy background. Observation was supplemented with a brief review of literature and discussion. On the basis of this observation and a brief review of literature authors suggested that the potential adverse effects of interferon therapy are overbalanced than its benefits for gynecological patients, therefore any interferon treatment should be recommended with strict indications as well as after screening of conditions and functions of thyroid glands and other interferon target organs to avoid interferon treatment side effects. Practitioners especially gynecologists should inform their patients about pleiotropic interferon effects and its high frequent and wide range side effects before to start such kind of treatment.

雾水葛提取物抑制脂多糖诱导的人泪腺上皮细胞炎症反应的实验研究

目的 观察雾水葛提取物对人泪腺上皮细胞活力和炎症的影响,鉴定活性单体并探索药理机制。方法 选取宁波市眼科医院收治的一位25岁女性泪腺炎患者,分离培养其人泪腺上皮细胞,免疫荧光法检测细胞标志物表达以鉴定细胞,不同剂量脂多糖(LPS)诱导细胞炎症反应,四甲基偶氮唑盐比色(MTT)检测细胞活力筛选LPS最佳剂量。使用水、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇分别提取雾水葛活性成分,MTT法检测不同溶剂和剂量雾水葛提取物对人泪腺上皮细胞活力的影响。通过电喷雾质谱和核磁共振谱图确定氯仿提取物中活性成分的结构,将鉴定得到的5种化合物(LF1~5)进行药物靶标的预测,Western Blot法检测5种化合物的雾水葛提取物对人泪腺上皮细胞炎症相关蛋白表达的影响。结果 (1)细胞鉴定:角蛋白(CK)14、CK7、E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)等阳性表达确定得到的是人泪腺上皮细胞和少量肌上皮细胞。(2)剂量筛选:处理48 h和72 h后,当LPS浓度为80 mg/L时,细胞活力开始低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t_(48 h)=6.827、t_(72 h)=6.222,均P=0.002),故LPS浓度80 mg/L、处理时间为24 h为最佳诱导方法。高浓度下,不同雾水葛提取物都具有对细胞活力的抑制作用,2.5、5、10、20μg/mL为提取物的适宜浓度。(3)雾水葛氯仿提取物中物质鉴定:LF-1为(-)-Epicatechin,LF-2为8-(2-Pyrrolidinone-5-yl)-(-)-epicatechin,LF-4为3’-Demethylicariside E3,LF-3、LF-5为首次发现。(4)药物靶标筛选:5种氯仿提取物中,一共有5个共同靶点,分别为花生四烯酸5-氧化酶活化蛋白(ALOX5)、白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-6、核因子κB1(NF-κB1)和血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)。(5)炎症相关蛋白:5种雾水葛的氯仿提取物都能不同程度地抑制炎症相关蛋白的水平,其中以LF-3的抑制效果最佳。结论 雾水葛提取物能够抑制LPS诱导的人泪腺上皮细胞的炎症反应,其中以氯仿提取物中的LF-3成分的药理活性最佳。

Effects of Yiqi Yangyin Quyu recipe containing serum on AQP5 and M3R of human submandibular gland cells with sj?gren’s syndrome

Objective To observe effect of Yiqi Yangyin Quyu recipe (YYQR) containing serum on aquaporin protein-5(AQP5) and type 3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors(M3R) of human submandibular gland cells with Sj?gren’s syndrome(SS). Methods YYQR containing serum was prepared.

326例乳腺肿块细针穿刺液基细胞学与石蜡组织病理结果对比

目的 对比乳腺细针穿刺液基细胞学(TCT)与石蜡组织病理形态学特征,探讨其临床意义。方法 收集宝鸡市中心医院2019年1月1日至2020年1月1日乳腺肿块患者321例,所有乳腺包块术前进行细针穿刺、TCT制片,术后与组织石蜡结果对比,形态学特征进行分析。结果 乳腺细针穿刺TCT的特异度(97%)、准确率(98%)较高,漏诊率(1%)及误诊率(3%)极低,敏感度相对较差(71%),与石蜡组织病理结果比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 细针穿刺细胞学检查在乳腺肿块中诊断有较高临床价值,减少了手术风险,诊断特异度及准确率较高,漏诊率及误诊率较低。

子宫乳腺型肌纤维母细胞瘤一例并文献复习

乳腺型肌纤维母细胞瘤(mammary-type myofibroblastoma,MTMF)是一种罕见的发生在乳腺外的良性间叶源性肿瘤,由弥漫分布的短梭形细胞、数量不等的成熟脂肪细胞及粗大的胶原纤维束组成。免疫表型方面,MTMF中的梭形细胞弥漫性表达CD34和结蛋白。一旦确诊,无论其大小或位置如何,都应手术切除,且术后定期复查。报告1例51岁自然绝经后子宫MTMF病例,术前及术中被误诊为子宫肌瘤。依据病情及患者意愿行经腹全子宫及双附件切除术,最终通过术后免疫组织化学染色检查确诊为子宫MTMF。现随访18个月,患者状况良好,无特殊不适。通过回顾性分析本例患者诊治过程及经验,以期为临床诊治提供参考。

超声声触诊组织量化成像技术对乳腺实性结节的诊断价值

目的探讨超声声触诊组织量化成像(VTIQ)技术对乳腺实性结节的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析2020年9月至2022年10月间江苏省人民医院手术治疗的38例患者49个乳腺实性结节的常规超声及VTIQ检查结节内部剪切波速度(SWV)值。以病理结果为金标准,通过构建受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线,评价VTIQ技术对乳腺实性结节良恶性的诊断价值。结果病理结果证实良性病灶37个,恶性病灶12个。常规超声诊断的敏感度75%、特异度86%、准确度84%;超声VTIQ技术ROC曲线得到SWV值3.49 m/s,为乳腺实性结节良恶性诊断最佳界点,其诊断敏感度92%、特异度97%、准确度96%。结论VTIQ技术可明显提高乳腺实性结节诊断的敏感度、特异度和准确度,对鉴别乳腺实性结节良恶性具有较好的诊断价值。

体细胞核移植法获得转人乳铁蛋白基因克隆山羊妊娠的研究(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study is to understand the effects of donor cell type,embryo stage,number and transfer position on the efficiency of goat transgenic clone.[Method] Using somatic cell nuclear transfer technology,the single goat fetal fibroblasts(GFF)and mammary gland epithelial cells(GMGE)harboring human lactoferrin(hLF)gene were transferred to the enucleated oocyte.Reconstructed karyoplast-cytoplast couplets were fused,activated,and cultured in vitro.Embryos at 2-8 cell stage were transferred into oviduct of synchronized recipients,and blastocysts were transferred into uterine horn.[Result] The pregnancy rate was similar between GFF and GMGE(oviduct transfer:26.47% vs.20.00%),and between oviduct transfer and uterine horn transfer(26.47% vs.25.00%)for GFF group;pregnancy rate in the group with the mean number of embryo transferred per recipient of 21.2 was significantly higher than in those the 5.93 group and 9.64 group(40.00% vs.26.67% and 21.43%).[Conclusion] These results indicate that pregnancy rate of goat transgenic clone couldn't be affected by donor cell type,embryo stage and transfer position but be done by the number of embryo transferred per recipient.In addition,the study also suggests the feasibility of making transgenic goat using GMGE as donor cells.

普拉洛芬与人表皮生长因子滴眼液辅以生理盐水雾化治疗对睑板腺功能障碍型干眼症的效果分析

目的 探讨普拉洛芬与人表皮生长因子滴眼液联合雾化治疗对睑板腺功能障碍(MGD)型干眼症的治疗效果。方法 选取2021年7月至2022年6月于东莞市横沥医院确诊并治疗MGD型干眼症的患者112例,按照用药不同分为对照组(n=56)和观察组(n=56)。对照组在常规治疗的基础上采用普拉洛芬滴眼液和人表皮生长因子滴眼液滴眼,观察组在对照组的基础上结合生理盐水雾化治疗。比较两组患者前和治疗4周后的眼表疾病指数问卷评分(OSDI)、脂质性状评分以及干眼指标和两组患者治疗4周后的康复效果。结果治疗后,两组的OSDI以及脂质性状评分与治疗前相比均下降,且观察组的OSDI以及脂质性状评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05);治疗后,两组的泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪液基础分泌实验(SIt)均较治疗前升高,且观察组BUT、SIt均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P <0.05);观察组治疗总有效率为96.43%,显著高于对照组的85.71%,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 普拉洛芬滴眼液与人表皮生长因子滴眼液联合雾化治疗能够有效提高MGD型干眼症患者的治疗效果,有效缓解患者的干眼症症状,改善泪膜功能并延长BUT,值得临床推广使用。

乳腺评估容积成像序列匀场技术用于乳腺弥散加权成像

目的 观察乳腺评估容积成像(VIBRANT)序列匀场技术在乳腺弥散加权成像(DWI)中的应用价值。方法 前瞻性采集55例乳腺病变患者常规单次激发平面回波(SS-EPI)DWI(常规DWI)及以VIBRANT序列匀场的DWI(VIBRANT-DWI),测量其中病灶(ADC_(病灶))及非瘤腺体(ADC_(乳腺组织))的表观弥散系数(ADC)、图像信噪比(SNR)和对比度噪声比(CNR);由医师1、2对2种DWI图像质量进行主观评分,比较其客观评价指标及主观评分的差异。结果 2种DWI之间,ADC_(病灶)、ADC_(乳腺组织)、SNR及CNR差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。主观评分为3分病例分别占常规DWI的45.45%(25/55)和36.36%(20/55),4分者分别占47.27%(26/55)和45.45%(25/55);为4分者分别占VIBRANT-DWI的58.18%(32/55)和49.09%(27/55),5分者分别占41.82%(23/55)和41.82%(23/55);2名医师对2种DWI主观评分的差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。结论 VIBRANT序列匀场技术能减少磁敏感伪影,有助于提高乳腺DWI图像质量。

控油植物活性物组合抑制皮脂分泌的功效研究

将柠檬巴毫叶、白柳树皮、薄荷、银耳、库拉索芦荟提取物进行复配,研究其对人皮脂腺细胞SZ95皮脂分泌的抑制效果,并将其与皮脂异常的常用药物异维A酸进行功效对比,研究该控油活性物组合抑制皮脂分泌的功效。对SZ95细胞模型中性脂质的变化水平及荧光观察结果的分析发现,控油植物活性物组合(BIRC-Rosée控油精粹KY100)具备潜在的抑制皮脂分泌功效。

人涎腺水通道蛋白的定位

目的 检测水通道蛋白亚型在人涎腺不同腺体的分布和各亚型所在的部位。方法 使用外伤患者清创缝合术时经患者同意所取得的涎腺组织标本 ,按冷冻切片技术处理和切片。用免疫组化方法标记确定人涎腺组织中水通道蛋白亚型AQP 1、2、3、4、5的分布情况。结果 AQP2、AQP5为 1∶2 0 0和AQP1为 1∶10 0的一抗浓度时可以看到它们在腮腺、颌下腺、舌下腺、唇腺有稳定、清晰的染色反应 ,但AQP3、AQP4为 1∶10 0乃至 1∶5 0的一抗浓度也未观察到染色。AQP1在各涎腺腺泡的基膜 ,毛细血管床及导管基膜等处被标记。AQP2主要分布在涎腺的基膜和导管。AQP5主要存在于粘液性腺泡的顶膜、基侧膜和浆液性腺泡的基侧膜 ,以及涎腺的闰管、纹状管 ,分泌管等处均有较强染色。结论 水通道蛋白亚型AQP1、AQP2、AQP5广泛分布于涎腺中不同组织和腺体不同部位 ,其布部位和反应强弱有差异 ,主要存在于涎腺中与唾液分泌密切相关的部位和组织中。